When receipts for an apartment come, many residents do not even read all the columns for which they pay. And if they read, they don’t understand what the individual lines that are found there mean. For example, ONE - what is it? In the article, we will consider useful information about this issue.
ONE - what does this acronym mean?
The abbreviation "ONE", which you often see in your receipts, stands for "common house needs." The fact is that a certain amount of resources is allocated for houses. Most of them go directly to apartments. But there are those who are sent to the maintenance of the house and its maintenance, that is, ONE.
What such an abbreviation means is now clear. But what do common house needs consist of?
ONE for electricity
Household needs extend to electricity. Each house receives the corresponding energy, which is connected to the network and is taken into account at the entrance to the building where the common metering device is installed . From there, energy is directed both inside the apartments and in common areas. The meter records the total amount of electrical energy that has entered the apartment building or MKD.
The amount in the receipt includes not only the operation of the lighting lamps installed in the entrances, attics and basements should also be lit. In addition, the devices responsible for fire automatics, antenna amplifiers, pumps for pumping water, intercoms, etc., consume this electricity.
That is, we are talking about all the equipment, thanks to which comfortable living conditions of people living in the house are provided. As you can see, when paying for ONE, the energy that is expended during the operation of the electrical equipment provided for in each MKD is taken into account.
Calculation of energy costs
For apartments, the share is calculated differently according to the method approved by the RF Government Decree “On the Procedure for Providing Utilities to Citizens”, registered under No. 307. The energy consumed in the apartments is subject to metering by metering devices installed individually. If there are no meters, electricity ONE, the standard for which is set depending on the area of the apartment for each tenant, is calculated based on the number of meters occupied.
The difference in the meter readings at home and the sum of the total amount of electric energy consumed in the apartments, which were equipped with the corresponding devices, are the electric energy consumed by ONE. It is calculated by all owners of the premises in proportion to the consumption in the apartment. That is, the more energy was consumed, the more you have to pay for house energy.
Large amount of energy: why?
In order for the amount of electric energy per one apartment building to be small, all residents should participate in the saving process, since the issue concerns everyone. Large ONEs say that the wiring of the house is in a sad state, so the common house meter records a lot of lost kilowatts. Responsibility for the quality and reliability of networks lies with the organization that serves them. If there is no such organization, then the residents themselves should be responsible for its condition.
The value of ODS is also affected by the illegal consumption of electrical energy. For example, if one of the tenants was disconnected for non-payment of a debt, and at the same time he connected to the communication illegally, then if this fact is discovered, you should contact the service organization so that its specialists take measures to limit the non-payer access to the networks.
The size of the ONE also depends on whether the residents have installed meters. If someone does not have them, then only the ONE standard plays a role. It is clear that he is only able to give an approximate picture of the costs. The readings taken from the meter will be more accurate.
After the adoption of the law “On energy conservation”, consumers had to independently install meters that meet certain requirements. Each owner was individually responsible for this. Those who did not install the devices in a timely manner were forced to do this, for which they subsequently withdrew funds from the homeowner.
It is important to transmit the numbers that the counter shows in time - ONE is charged, as you already understood, precisely depending on its data.
If the neighbor is a malicious debtor?
Payment for electricity is made depending on the readings of individual meters, so even if individual residents do not pay their bills on time and don’t give readings of individual meters, the calculations are made according to average standards. When calculating common house needs, the testimony of a neighbor, regardless of whether he paid or not, will be deducted.
Of course, a separate painstaking work must be carried out with such tenants in order to collect debts. First, they are warned about the measures that will be taken if payment is not made, and then they either limit the supply of energy or collect the debt in court.
ONE on the water
In addition to electric energy, water costs are included in common house needs. So, cold water is used to wash stairwells, watering the front gardens, and flushing communication networks. ODN standards apply to water losses inside the house.
And ONE for hot water includes expenses, for example, when discharging water in a riser, when the batteries are being repaired, the heating system is pressure tested, the process spillage, and, as in the case of cold water, is lost in networks located inside the house.
Thermal energy is spent on heating the premises, which are part of the property of the house. The size of the common house water needs, of course, varies depending on whether the appropriate common house meter is installed.
Settlement with and without a counter
If the house has a common meter, then the difference between the volume shown by the OPU and the sum of individual meters, as well as the costs of the standards, if meters are not installed in individual apartments, is calculated. ONE is distributed among the owners in proportion to the area of their apartments. Therefore, ONE for a three-room apartment will be more than for a one-room apartment.
Water and electricity with installed meters is calculated as follows. The total volume is equal to the difference in the readings of the common house meter, the volume of the whole resource in non-residential premises, the volume of the whole resource in apartments with individual meters installed and the volume of the whole resource calculated according to the standards, multiplied by the area of the apartment divided by the area of all apartments.
If in the house there is no common house metering device, then the volume of thermal energy, water and electricity is considered according to the standards multiplied by the area of the common house property.
Is it possible to reduce the amount of ONE
In order to reduce ONE in electric energy, first of all, it is necessary to identify unauthorized connections of residents and tenants. In addition, it is very important to change the wiring if it is out of date. After all, drying out, damage to cables and twisting very much affect the resistance of the system, which leads to the loss of electrical energy. Well, and of course, it would not hurt to install LED lighting for incandescent lamps.
To reduce the calculations for water supply, it is necessary to install individual meters and timely provide evidence to the management company.
Regarding heating, especially when installing a common house meter, it is important to take measures to seal the interpanel joints, change old windows and insulate the pipes so that the heat does not disappear in vain. Then the heat loss will be significantly reduced. At the same time, when it gets too hot, the residents open the windows of the house, and all the heat is lost again. To avoid such losses, you should install an individual valve on the radiator of the house. It is better to do this work before the start of the heating season.
The value of ODN is also affected by the reliability of information about the area of common property, apartments and the number of people living there. It is clear that if only one person is registered on the living space, but in fact lives much more, then you will have to pay a lot. Moreover, this applies to cases where individual meters at home are not installed.
Used non-residential premises
Currently, offices and shops are often located directly in residential buildings, on the ground floors and in the basement. Their communications may be unlawfully connected to building networks. So, the residents of the house will have to pay for the electric energy they spent. To avoid this, it is necessary to find out with the help of the management company who exactly in this case pays for the electricity costs and get rid of unnecessary "parasites".
Conclusion
So, we examined ONE: what such a reduction means, what are common house needs, and how are the calculations made. From what has been said, it can be concluded that if tenants themselves monitor the condition of the house as a whole, then not only its improvement will be ensured, but also the costs of communal needs will be significantly reduced.