The education system in the Republic of Belarus: preschool, secondary, higher, major universities

Belarus is one of the few states that are part of a group with a high level of human development index. The education system in the Republic of Belarus has achieved that the adult literacy rate is one of the best in the world. The coefficient of receipt of children in preschool institutions and schools indicates a worthy place in the country in the field of education. Funding for the educational system receives 5% of GDP, which is similar to similar figures in this area in other European countries.

System disclosure

The republic has opened more than 8,000 institutions intended for basic, special and additional education. The structure of education in the Republic of Belarus includes the following levels:

• preschool;
• general average;
• medium special;
• vocational;
• higher;
• postgraduate.

Additional education is designed for every generation of citizens of the country, starting with children, continuing with adolescents and adults, and ending with everyone who, regardless of their age, wants to get a profession or a certain level of knowledge. The classification of the above steps in all respects corresponds to the standard qualification of education on an international scale. It can be concluded that each member of the society can count on receiving the desired education throughout his life.

If we take into account the rating of human development in the country, then Belarus is in the top thirty developed countries of the world and the beginning of the list of CIS countries. The state takes the 21st place in the ranking of the level of education by the combined indicator of the UN Development Program. The high quality of education is confirmed by the high number of not only students with Belarusian roots, but also with Russian, Chinese, Tajik, Turkish and others. The multinationality of the campus is a kind of recognition by other countries of a high level of teaching staff and educational potential.

Kindergarten

A well-developed system of preschool education in the Republic of Belarus implies a voluntary visit to the institution. Going to kindergarten is not necessary for every child. Parents in this case make their own decisions, but most children attend preschool before going to school. The country has more than 4,000 pre-school educational institutions on a state basis. There are kindergartens of a private form of ownership, but their number is many times lower. Coverage of children under 6 years of pre-school type centers is almost 75% (about 50% in rural areas and 81.5% in urban areas).

The essence of secondary education

A description of the levels of education in the Republic of Belarus should be started with a general secondary education, which begins at the age of 6 and is divided into:

• general basic;
• overall average.

The basic school lasts from grades 1 to 9, the middle school lasts until grades 11. After completing the basic level, adolescents can continue their education in lyceums, colleges or vocational schools. It is in such institutions that the opportunity to complete secondary education and gain professional skills is provided.

In the above institutions can be entered after 11 classes. Obtaining a certificate of general secondary or specialized secondary education is the main goal of students, without this document it is impossible to continue studying at a higher educational institution.

There are more than 3,230 institutions in the republic where you can get general secondary education, some of which work on a private basis. The trend in the educational system of the Republic of Belarus in recent years has been the introduction of specialized education in high school. The innovation that overtook the educational process at the secondary level is the gradual introduction of information technology.

Thus, in the capital’s gymnasiums and schools, electronic diaries are being introduced, a “cloud” information and educational environment is being formed, the use of resources and services, as well as technical media, is practiced.

The combination of Soviet hardening, professionalism of teachers and modern innovative technologies allows Belarusian students to win numerous awards at international subject Olympiads annually.

Special education

Government bodies have been successful in organizing the right approach to children with psychophysical disabilities. The system of special education in the Republic of Belarus is aimed not only at providing opportunities for gaining knowledge, but also providing assistance at the corrective and pedagogical levels that are necessary at all stages of socialization of children of all ages. The practice of integrating children with special needs (in mental and physical terms) into kindergartens and schools (more than 70%).

The republic is assisted by more than 240 special institutions of a similar plan. Such centers are a methodological and media base for improving the skills of professionally oriented teachers, as well as the quality of such education in general.

Specialized secondary and vocational education

The considered level of the structure of the education system in the Republic of Belarus is one of the most important, due to the fact that the country needs experienced specialists who work in factories and factories, as well as it is much easier for such workers to move further up the career ladder, continuing education in higher education in absentia educational institutions.

There are more than 166 vocational-technical institutions in the country, which are represented by schools, lyceums and colleges, and more than 40 other types of educational institutions, whose educational program is aimed at graduating specialists from more than three hundred professions.

Higher education

The higher education system in the Republic of Belarus is represented by more than 50 institutions, including academies, universities and institutes. Today, it is not uncommon to consider private universities, which are also full-fledged graduates of thousands of highly qualified specialists.

Students are trained in 15 profiles, 382 specialties of higher education of the first stage and 331 - of the second stage. You can get education through full-time, evening, correspondence or distance learning. Due to the fact that there are 2 official languages ​​in the country, the learning process can be organized in Russian and Belarusian.

For students of foreign origin, lectures are held in English. After obtaining a standard higher education, you can continue to study in graduate school and doctoral studies, where scientists are trained. Higher qualifications can be obtained in 430 specialties.

Foreign students

Today, quite a lot of people among foreign youth are eager to get an education in Belarus. There are special programs where students from different countries come and can, at the end of successfully completed studies, receive a diploma of higher education in an international format. The education standards for the Republic of Belarus approved the procedure for enrolling people of foreign origin:

• paid according to the results of certification in the development of the curriculum for preparing citizens for higher education;
• free of charge or for a fee in accordance with existing arrangements of international scale;
• paid after an interview, where the potential student’s opportunities to communicate and learn in a language that will be leading in the process of obtaining knowledge are revealed.

For citizens of Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan, under the agreement on increasing integrated humanitarian and economic education, similar rights are granted to Belarusian citizens (there is a chance to get a budget place).

National issue

The Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus focuses on the development of great potential in the field of human development, tries to ensure socio-economic stability in the country, which is impossible without increasing the level of literacy among the population.

The numbers indicate that every third resident of the country is at the training stage. State policy is based on strengthening certain principles of educational institutions:

• government management and regulation;
• providing equal opportunities for study;
• improving the quality of study, regardless of social status.

The state’s priority is assistance in organizing affordable education for each resident of the country through the development of a network of institutions of secondary special, vocational and higher level. For this, more than 10,000 centers and institutions open their doors every day, where about 2 million children, students and pupils receive education at various levels, and more than 445,000 employees are engaged in providing the necessary knowledge and skills.

The education system in the Republic of Belarus is organized in such a way as to provide comprehensive training according to accepted social standards, as well as support each student in the desire to receive a specialty and profession.

Higher education institutions

Institutions operate in Belarus on a public and private basis (by ownership). In recent years, about 285,000 students studied at 51 universities, 160,000 of whom received full-time education, the rest: in correspondence (123,400) and evening (1,300), almost 14,500 were foreigners. Due to the fact that there are officially two official languages in the republic, Belarusian universities offer 2 options for gaining knowledge: in Russian and Belarusian, with the exception of foreigners, they are provided with lectures in English.

But the coefficient of those wishing to receive a profession in the Belarusian language is not large - 0.2% of the total, but 37.4% of students chose mixed education in both Belarusian and Russian, 62.4% are ready to study only in Russian.

Allocate:

Art in education

The education system in the Republic of Belarus is of a state-public character. Culture and art occupy an important place in the formation of a comprehensively developed personality, therefore, back in 1945, the Belarusian State Theater Institute was organized in Minsk, where they taught the art of drama theater, painting, directing, drawing, sculpture. In the 90s, the Belarusian State Academy of Arts began to practice the teaching of teleoperation, camera work, and the visual solution of the film.

Today, Belarusian and foreign students at the university can get skills in the following specialties:

• monumental and decorative art;
• painting;
• graphic arts;
• sculpture;
• acting;
• arts and crafts;
• design;
• theater direction;
• art history;
• acting;
• cinema television;
• directing film and television.

Scientific and innovative educational center

The largest institution of higher education in the Republic of Belarus is BSU in Minsk, where students receive knowledge in specialized subjects at 20 faculties. The university was founded in 1921. To enter and start training there, it is necessary to pass centralized testing. It is noteworthy that for some specialties entrance examinations are required.

BSU rating is growing every year, in March 2018 it took 487th place according to Webometrics Ranking of World Universities. Among the universities of the CIS countries, the institution takes 4th place. He is also among the top 500 best universities in the world.

In order to obtain a diploma of higher education at a higher educational institution of the Republic of Belarus, it is necessary to enter a university and successfully complete an average of 4500-5700 academic hours (4-5 years of study). After graduation, graduates pass state examinations in their specialty and defend their thesis. The examination committee after successfully passing the tests assigns qualifications in accordance with the chosen specialty, which is later indicated in the diploma of higher education.