In the modern world, there are two main forms of government: monarchy and republic. There are two types of monarchy: absolute and constitutional. In the former, power is wholly owned by the reigning person or (in the case of theocratic absolute monarchy) the spiritual leader. In the second form, everything is a little different. A constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which the constitution limits the power of the monarch. In countries with a similar form of government, executive power belongs to the government, that is, the cabinet of ministers, and legislative to the parliament, which in different countries is called in a special way.
Types of constitutional monarchy
A constitutional monarchy is a form of government that can be either dualistic (representative) or parliamentary. In both cases, the monarch has to share his power with the legislative body of the country, i.e., with the parliament. However, if in the first case the executive power belongs to the king (emperor, sultan, tsar, prince or duke, etc.), then in the second case the monarch is also deprived of this privilege: executive power belongs to the government, which, in turn, is accountable to the parliament. By the way, the power of the monarch is legally limited: there is a decree according to which no commandments of a reigning person can be valid until they are countered by a certain minister.
The power of the monarch in countries with a constitutional monarchical form of government
In a dualistic monarchy, ministers are appointed (deposed) by the monarch. They are responsible only to him. In the parliamentary appointment of officials, the reigning person is also fulfilled, however, members of the government are accountable not to her, but to the parliament. It follows that in states where the form of government is a parliamentary monarchy, the reigning persons practically do not own real power. Any decision, including personal matters, for example, regarding marriage or, on the contrary, divorce, the monarch must agree with the legislature. As for the legal side, the final signing of laws, the appointment and dismissal of state officials and members of the government, the declaration of termination of wars, etc. - all require its signature and seal. However, he does not have the right to act as he sees fit without the consent of parliament. Consequently, a constitutional monarchy is a kind of state in which a monarch is not an actual ruler. He is simply a symbol of his state. Nevertheless, a strong-willed monarch may well dictate his will to both parliament and the government. After all, he is authorized to appoint ministers and other officials, and is also able to influence the country's foreign policy.
Constitutional Monarchies of Europe
In European countries, the transition from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional one took place earlier than others. So, for example, in Great Britain this happened in the 17th century. Today, in eleven states of the Old World (Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Great Britain, etc.), the form of government is a constitutional monarchy. This indicates that the peoples of these states did not want to radically change the state system in their countries, completely overthrow the royal power, however, subject to new realities, they made a peaceful transition from one form of government to another.
Monarchy constitutional: list
1. Great Britain.
2. Belgium.
3. Denmark.
4. The Netherlands.
5. Nevis.
6. Jamaica.
7. New Guinea.
8. Norway.
9. Sweden.
10. Spain.
11. Liechtenstein.
12. Luxembourg.
13. Monaco.
14. Andorra.
15. Japan.
16. Cambodia.
17. Lesotho.
18. New Zealand.
19. Malaysia.
20. Thailand.
21. Grenada.
22. Bhutan.
23. Canada.
24. Australia.
25. Saint Kitts.
26. Tonga.
27. Solomon Islands.
28. Saint Vincent.