Medicine since ancient times enjoyed special honor among different civilizations. The author of the Iliad also told compatriots that one skilled healer was worth hundreds of warriors. Thousands of people from childhood dream of being able to heal others, but only a few of them become real doctors. It’s an easy way to learn to heal people all your life.
In the Russian Federation there is a university where for more than a quarter of a millennium, adepts have been taught to save human lives. The well-known and well-known medical institution, Sechenov Institute, is famous and renowned for its graduates. It has an impressive history dating back to the “golden” XVIII century. Until the 21st century, “first honey,” as hundreds of generations of students have called it and have been called, remains true to its motto - to be the first among equals.
Becoming
Oddly enough, the history of Russian medicine began with the conversion to teach the rather modest building of the Main Pharmacy (now the historical museum) in 1755. The motive is clear: in a huge country there was no forge of medical personnel. In a former pharmacy, retail premises were converted into audiences, and instead of test tubes and bottles, textbooks appeared. The first teachers were German professors. 05/26/1775, they first lectured to students.
The fateful decision for the development of Russian medicine was made by the Empress Elizabeth in 1758 - to create a domestic medical faculty at Moscow Imperial University. The royal decree mobilized the best forces of Russian society. The future 1 medical institute was born as the basic Russian medical institution. After all, before this fact, Germans, British and Dutch were considered the best doctors in the world, Europe and the world have not heard about Russian healers.
The largest faculty of the university was created, and special attention was paid to it. Count Shuvalov erects a new building for medicine on Mokhovaya, he was sure: to be Russian medicine!
Russian medical scientists
Appeared their own, Russian medical scientists. The first Russian
doctor of science was Thomas Barsuk-Moiseev. The foundations of the faculty were created by Russian professors Petr Dmitrievich Veniaminov and Semyon Gerasimovich Zybelin, well-known specialists with brilliant practice, people well-known and deeply respected by the capital's society. They worked, obsessed with the idea, because it was a matter of national importance. Ten years later, the founding enthusiasts joined the professors enthusiastic about their example: Ivan Andreevich Sibirsky, Ivan Ivanovich Vech, Mikhail Ivanovich Schiadan. It was a success and recognition in his homeland. A decade later, the faculty began to award the title of Doctor of Science, which testified to the acquisition of international status. Even at the earliest stage of its formation, the future Sechenov Institute showed remarkable dynamics of development.
XIX century. Height
The famous university met the beginning of the 19th century, changing its structure. Already in 1804, the Faculty of Medicine received a structure that would maximize the development and prosperity of medical science in Russia. The first departments were established in its composition:
- forensic medicine, anatomy, physiology;
- Surgery
- internal diseases, pathology and general therapy;
- Pharmacy
- skin diseases;
- midwife art.
Thus, the future Sechenov Institute laid the foundation for students' professional self-determination. The task of improving the practical skills of medical personnel, the formation of personal qualities necessary for a physician, was accomplished by developing the clinical bases of the Faculty of Medicine. In 1805, a number of subsidiary clinics of the university began to function: obstetric, therapeutic and surgical.
To the surprise of foreign doctors, the future Sechenov Institute is applying innovative approaches to the educational process . University hospital : isn't this the best way to train doctors? As early as 1804, by the decree of Tsar Alexander, the Clinical Center was created, and he personally contributed to the creation of an advanced clinical base. In 1805, three institutes worked at the faculty: midwifery, surgical, and clinical. A precedent of the European level was created. Napoleon’s life doctor, having seen the Russian hospital in 1812, was amazed at his appearance and equipment, which he called decoration for any highly developed nation.
II half of the XIX century - maturity
During the second half of the 19th century, nine more departments were founded: pediatric medicine, venereal and skin diseases, hygiene, histology, medical history, general pathology, psychiatry, pharmacology, topographic anatomy and surgical surgery. A number of faculty clinics have been opened. Sechenov Institute entered the next stage of its development. The existing system was further developed by the graduates of the faculty - famous, talented, creative.
Here is an incomplete list of doctors of medical sciences who taught at the Faculty of Medicine in the 19th century. Many of the names represented in it embody the pride of Russian and world medicine: the hygienist Fedor Fedorovich Erisman, the classic of field surgery Nikolai V. Sklifosovsky, the classic of surgery Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov, the microbiologist Georgi Norbertovich Gabrichevsky, the neuropathologist Alexei Yakovlevich Kozhevnikov, the school founder, the pedagogue neuropathologist, Kozhevnikovy Nogovorovich Filatov, the founder of Russian gynecology Vladimir Fedorovich Snegirev, pathologist Mikhail Nikiforovich Nikiforov, psychiatrist Sergei Sergeyevich Korsakov, will create physiology spruce Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov, therapist Aleksey Aleksandrovich Ostroumov, therapist Grigory Ivanovich Sokolsky, therapist Grigory Antonovich Zakharyin, therapist Justin Evdokimovich Dyadkovsky, therapist, surgeon, prominent theorist and practitioner Sergei Petrovich Botkin, physiologist Alexei Matveevich Filomafitovsky, surgeon Vasili Petrovich, surgeon Vasili Petrovich Ivanovich Dyakonov, expert in forensic medicine Ilya Egorovich Gruzinov, histologist Alexander Ivanovich Babukhin, specialist in anatomy Dmitry Nikolaevich Zernov, surgeon Fedor I anovich Inozemtsev, an expert on the anatomy and physiology of Ephraim Osipovich Mukhin. Each of them brought something of their own to medicine, the life of any of them is serving people.
In 1884, the Faculty of Medicine of the Russian Duma was granted an area of 40 thousand square fathoms on the Maiden Field. Here in 5 years the most advanced European town of 13 clinics and 2 institutes was built, taking into account the experience of Berlin, Paris, Zurich.
XX century - Soviet era
In Soviet times, in 1930, the faculty left the Moscow State University (the rightful heir to the Moscow Imperial University) and turned into the First Moscow Medical Institute (MMI). His pets made an invaluable contribution to the Victory, providing medical care on all fronts of the Great Patriotic War. In the terrible wartime, his most prominent graduates led the medical support of the Red Army. Among them:
- Colonel General, Chief Surgeon of the Red Army, Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences Nikolai Nilovich Burdenko;
- Alexander Leonidovich Myasnikov, chief surgeon of the Navy, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences;
- Mikhail Nikiforovich Akhutin, Isaak Solomonovich Zhorov, Nikolai Nikolaevich Elansky, Victor Ivanovich Struchkov, Evgeny Sergeyevich Shakhbazyan - the main surgeons of the fronts and armies;
- Theodosius Romanovich Borodulin, Vladimir Kharitonovich Vasilenko, Gukasyan Aram Grigoryevich - the main therapists of the fronts and armies.
Since 1955, the First Medical has been named after Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov, his graduate. The name of the outstanding scientist was given to the university, which gave him a ticket to the profession. This brilliant founder of physiology, a rationalist scientist, with his life is a vivid example for many subsequent generations of physicians. Be sure to read his surprisingly frank and touching "Autobiography" - a confession of an honest, pure, deeply decent person.
Students and teachers enthusiastically and gratefully accepted the new name for their alma mater.
In the post-war period, many scientists have glorified the university with their service to medicine, among them academicians Mikhail Izrailevich Perelman and Leo Bokeria. Academician Perelman, for example, performed more than 3,500 operations in the treatment of tuberculosis, cancer, and inflammatory-purulent diseases. Academician Leo Boqueria, experts consider one of the best heart surgeons in the world. Many former students pride themselves on their school.
Modernity
The First Sechenov Medical Institute currently trains medical personnel in the following faculties: pre-university education, medical, medical and preventive, pediatric, nursing higher education and socio-psychological work, dental, pharmaceutical, as well as in the internal unit - the Institute of Professional Education. From the first year, students not only learn to treat diseases, they delve into medicine as a science. Students know: studying at First Honey is harder than at other medical universities (including Moscow institutes).
The first honey is a leader in the use of Internet technologies in education. The teaching staff developed specialized medical webinars. Presented videos of lectures by leading scientists. All this information is provided by the website of the institute. Using the Internet resources of the First Honey, doctors from all over Russia will learn about the latest trends in the development of medical science.
In the residency, future doctors are educated in 54 specialties. Internship trains doctors in 26 specialties.
In 1990, Russia made an investment in the future: 1 Sechenov Medical Institute was replenished with a research center with seven institutes developing basic medicine.
World medicine highly appreciates the quality of study at a university; foreign students from 70 countries of the world study here. Many of the foreign graduates subsequently become heads of healthcare in their own country. For many medical universities in the world, the Sechenov Institute has become a reliable counterparty. Its address is 119991, Moscow city, Trubetskaya street, house 8, building 2 - is known both in Russia and abroad.
The clinical base of First Honey has 3,000 beds in 19 clinics. Clinic equipment carries out more than 650 types of studies.
Medical Faculty
The Faculty of Medicine is the largest of the Sechenov First Medical Institute. This is the flagship of the university. He began his work in 1758. More than 5,000 future doctors are trained at it. Full-time students undergo a six-year course of study, part-time - seven-year. The faculty has 46 departments. The teaching staff of the departments has a very high level. Most of the departments are headed by corresponding members of the Russian Academies of Sciences. More than 600 doctors annually become its graduates.
Faculty of Medical and Preventive
The Faculty of Medicine is part of the First Medical School since 1930. 15 of its departments are working on the training of specialists. The faculty scientifically explores various hygiene topics related to the current problems of the life of society. The organization of a balanced diet is being studied, new products are being developed, dietetics is being developed as a method of clinical treatment, occupational diseases are being investigated. The faculty trains 600 people who receive the specialty "Hygiene, Epidemiology and Sanitation".
Faculty of Pediatrics
The Faculty of Pediatrics replenished the First Medical School relatively recently, in 2010. The purpose of its creation was to give continuous character to training and education. The faculty has 7 departments: pediatrics and pediatric rheumatology, pediatric surgery, propaedeutics of children's diseases, clinical immunology and allergology, diabetology and endocrinology, child hygiene, pediatrics. The evidence of recognition of the scientific activity of the faculty is the assignment in 2011 of the title of academician to one of the heads of departments, as well as the election of three more of them by corresponding members of the RAMS.
Faculty of Dental
The names of the departments of the Faculty of Dentistry (there are seven of them) indicate the specializations of the dentists trained by him: maxillofacial surgery, pediatric dentistry, therapeutic, surgical, orthopedic dentistry, communal and preventive dentistry, propaedeutics of dental diseases. Departments are located directly in 5 central specialized clinics and in the department of maxillofacial surgery. A medical institute specializing in dentistry teaches students according to a five-year program. Forms of study: full-time (budget and commercial) and correspondence
Qualified Nurses
The Faculty of Higher Nursing Education was established in 1991. Its appearance was facilitated by the introduction of the specialties “social work” and “clinical psychology”.
There are 4 departments at the faculty: nursing, pedagogy and psychology, social work, commodity science. The medical institute prepares nursing specialists with higher and secondary professional education in five areas - for each level.
Pre-university training of applicants
The faculty of pre-university education prepares applicants for admission. Its goal is to form the necessary professional motivation for future students and adapt them to further studies. Pupils of final classes purposefully prepare for the Unified State Exam in Russian, Biology, and Chemistry.
Thanks to the faculty, there is a practice of successful admission of students of the faculty to Honey. Institute named after Sechenov. Applicants are trained by experienced teachers in specialized subjects: chemistry, biology, Russian, foreign languages. Thus, young people who want to become doctors are thoroughly preparing for the unified state exams held centrally in schools in the Russian Federation.
Proof of the educational level of applicants is the passing score for the Unified State Examination-2014, averaged based on one subject 86.1 points. This year, 1351 applicants entered the budget form of training for the First Medical.
The faculty of pre-university training significantly increases the chances of applicants, because up to 70% of students at it really achieve the desired. This level of training is demonstrated by leading Moscow institutes, and among medical ones it is the highest.
Faculty of Pharmacy
The training of 2000 students of the Faculty of Pharmacy is carried out by its sixteen departments. Students are trained to professionally seek, manufacture, store and identify medicines. The relevance of this profession is determined by the vital importance of drugs. The current level of pharmaceuticals determines the five-year training of specialists in accordance with current international standards. Students study in depth pharmacognosy, pharmaceutical chemistry, drug technology, economics and the organization of pharmacy. The faculty in the teaching staff are: academician of RAMS, two corresponding members of RAMS, about 30 professors. Honey. Sechenov Institute prepares highly qualified pharmacists.
Institute of Advanced Studies
The institute of vocational education at the First Medical has been working since 2013. He specializes in retraining existing medical workers and in improving their skills. More than 12 thousand people study here annually. In the university, in addition to theoretical training of students, specialists are trained in doctoral studies, residency, internship. Its departments are located both at the University Clinical Center, and at the clinical bases of leading research institutes, RAMS, and central city clinical hospitals. Thus, specialists are trained in modern methods of treatment and diagnosis during the treatment of real patients from real diseases. Together with teachers, students make a round of patients, make an anamnesis, make a diagnosis and determine the tactics of treating the disease. The institute has distance learning programs available for doctors in large cities of the Russian Federation.
Currently, for the quality training of applicants, medical colleges of Moscow at institutes are considered a good form. The first honey also uses its lyceum to improve the quality of its student audience.
Output
First Moscow State Institute Sechenov is rightfully considered the main Russian medical university. The main areas of his activity - education, science and treatment - are balanced and implemented under the general coordination of the academic council.
At the same time, commitment to traditions and the priority of introducing promising technologies are supported. The first honey is confidently looking to the future.