Abrahamic religions are theological teachings that, in their core, have institutions dating back to Abraham, the ancient Semitic patriarch. All these beliefs, one way or another, recognize the Old Testament as a sacred text, therefore they are also called the "religions of the Book." Also at the heart of such teachings is Revelation - the proclamation
By God to man of His will and the proclamation of the path of salvation of the soul. In this sense, the Bible (like the Torah) is a fixation, a record of divine Revelation. Through the study and interpretation of the Holy Book, man must unravel the will of his Creator.
The Abrahamic religions that have survived to this day are divided into world religions - Christianity and Islam, and private - Judaism, Karaism, Rastafarianism and Baha'ism. Judaism, of course, has become the historical cradle of all these beliefs. Born at the beginning of the 1st millennium BC on the territory of the ancient Semitic kingdoms of Israel, Judea and Canaan, these views became a revolutionary breakthrough among pagan cults. If we approach the study of the Torah as a symbolic code, rather than chronicles of the history of the Jewish people, we can distinguish the main elements that have become common to all subsequent teachings of the Book: monotheism, the creation of the visible world from nothing and the linearity of time.
In the 1st century AD e. in the province of Judea, then part of the Roman Empire, Christianity was born, quickly spreading throughout the vast territory of this state - from North Africa to the British Isles, and from the Iberian Peninsula to Asia Minor. Abrahamic religions - Judaism and Christianity - already had significant differences between themselves. Despite the fact that a new belief arose in a Semitic environment, his followers believed that the covenant of God and Moses should not be interpreted as a treaty of the Creator with the Jewish people, but as with all of humanity. In this sense, "the people of Israel" becomes anyone who "believes and will be baptized."
Such Abrahamic religions as varieties of Judaism (Pharisees, Sadducees) proceeded from the fact that agreement B
og and Moses is that the Jews must sacrifice their foreskin to God, and in return the Lord will grant them a kingdom on earth. The messianism of Judaism “migrated” to Christianity, which recognized the Pentateuch, but at the same time highlighted the
New Testament given to humanity by Jesus Christ. It is the Savior’s figure that is worshiped by believers - for them, He is the Messiah equal to God, giving His Covenant and coming to judge the living and the dead at the end of time.
In the 7th century , Islam arose in Arabia . Based on the early teachings of Christianity and Judaism, he nonetheless declares himself not so much as a continuation or development of these teachings, but proclaims himself the only righteous faith. The psychology of religion, especially the new one, often needs to be supported by ancient texts. In the case of Islam, we see the assertion that the faith proclaimed by Muhammad is the real, pure religion of Abraham, which the Jews and Christians distorted. Muslims believe that anyone who accepts faith in one Allah and His prophet already becomes the son of Israel. Therefore, Islam has become a world religion, in contrast to Orthodox Judaism, which believes that the people of Moses are Jewish by blood. However, Muslims do not recognize the divine nature of Jesus Christ, considering him one of the prophets.
The concept of religion as a revelation is characteristic of all Abrahamic beliefs. But at the same time, Judaism recognizes the Sinai revelation, Christianity - the decalogue of the Commandments of Christ, and Islam considers the prophecy of the last of the prophets - Muhammad - the most important, completing all other prophecies. Recently, despite political problems and radical followers, in the educated milieu there has been a tendency toward rapprochement between these worldviews.