Any state, from the highly developed USA to the poorest countries of central Africa, has its own level of development, which is determined by the historical course of civilization development and the introduction of the latest inventions in the main sectors of the country's economy. In the twentieth century, many leading states rallied into a single trading system, which made it possible to talk about such a concept as the global economy. Today, each country has its own industries, the products of which allow conducting foreign economic activity and making additional profits.
A sector of the economy is a combination of industries and enterprises that have a certain commonality of products, satisfied needs, and specific technologies. Thus, if a certain product or group of goods accounts for at least 50% of its production volume, then manufacturing enterprises can be combined into a specific industry, which will be taken into account by the NEA system (classifier of foreign economic activity).
Modern branches of the economy have become separate economic systems due to the development of productive forces and the social division of labor. Numerous needs in the economy in its high development contributed to its division into structures containing many links and subsystems. Thanks to the implementation of the achievements of scientific and technological progress, the living conditions of people have improved qualitatively, which also influenced the industry specifics of many industries. At the same time, rapid progress has led to the fact that many sectors of the economy do not have time to transform, and manufactured products quickly become obsolete. It is with this that the main problem in the development of the economic system is connected, which should clearly monitor all innovations and respond promptly to changes that are taking place in the world.
It should be noted that in the world system there is the so-called golden rule of the economy, which consists in the fact that any production in the economy should bring the maximum possible profit. Thanks to this postulate, we see all the development that is happening in the world today. If advertising is the engine of trade, then profit is the goal around which the entire world economic system revolves.
Thus, all sectors of the economy in our country have a certain classification, and the entire production and economic complex of the economic system can be divided into the following types:
- Regional complexes - division according to territorial affiliation;
- Territorial - production (TPK) - are distributed in accordance with specialization.
- Social - industrial complexes - city, district.
- Industrial nodes - enterprises having production in a certain limited territory.
In addition, all sectors of the economy are divided into certain functional complexes, which include the following:
- fuel and energy: fuel industry, electric power industry, metallurgy, petrochemical and chemical industries, woodworking, machine building and so on.
- agro-industrial: crop production, animal husbandry;
- light industry: clothing, textile, footwear, fur;
- food industry: canning, meat, oil and fat, pasta, brewing, fish, sugar, salt and wine making.
Summing up all of the above, it should be said that the country's economic system plays a very important role in its development system, determining its directions and priorities. In conclusion, it should be noted that the economy of any state is in constant development, the speed of which determines the level of technological progress in the country and the level of well-being of citizens in general. That is why each state should give priority to the development of its economic system.