Project activity allows you to most effectively operate with the ratio of available resources, time and quality of the final product. With the help of competent planning, you can timely implement corrective managerial influences at any time at each stage of the project life cycle . Using the appropriate methodology makes it possible in advance to calculate the total cost of producing technical documentation, the average implementation time, determine the responsible persons at each stage (OBS structure, RAM matrix). It is important to plan the full list of works correctly (build the WBS-basis of the project) and the sequence of their implementation (depict the PDM network). A chain of tasks should be identified in advance, the course of which should be most carefully controlled. Since they do not have a reserve, the total duration of their implementation determines the total duration of the project (using the critical path method).
A significant simplification of management is facilitated by a tool such as a liability matrix (or line chart). It is built on the basis of a previously developed WBS-structure (hierarchical basis for the work performed) and OBS-structure (organizational design for performers). It is used to guide actions by introducing the Principle Responsibility.
It is necessary to personify each of the tasks contained in the program by appropriate specialists. A responsibility matrix is created for the project - this is a mapping of planned relationships (most often, graphic). It is depicted in the form of a table based on the basis of the ratios of WBS and OBS structures. Then the first is represented as the vertical rows of the matrix, and the second - horizontal columns. For each WBS element, an employee is determined who will coordinate its implementation. At the intersection of the two components affix the corresponding sign.
The responsibility matrix, if correctly drawn up, should give an idea of who manages the implementation of each link in the hierarchical structure of a lower level. Only one person can be responsible for the execution of any of the WBS elements. But the course of several components of work can be controlled by a single person.
RAM - this is how the Responsibility assignment matrix is briefly designated - the distribution of reporting and responsibilities in the form of a table. For a well-organized program, the rule must be followed so that the fulfillment of any goal is controlled by a specific governing body. For example, a project manager - a mission (all tasks), responsible executors - individual elements, etc. In essence, the goal tree is built in this way. It should correspond to the order of the subdivision of the structure to which the implementation of the idea is entrusted.
The functional responsibilities of all persons involved in the planned work are determined by the liability matrix. It serves to concretize the set of tasks, and for their execution, people report personally.
Special software makes it easier to prepare projects. With its help, WBS and OBS structures, lists of work with the organization by phases and control can be compiled much faster. The same RAM responsibility matrix is created, but in a more detailed form. Thus, without undue effort, it is possible to obtain the necessary tables in the corresponding software packages. And also, if necessary, quickly change any data on the project, while receiving their updated graphic display.