For hunting and fishing "Niva" is an indispensable car. It is famous for its cross and a simple device. Of course, over the years the model has become significantly outdated. But there is an option to buy a Chevrolet Niva. This is a more modernized car with a nice appearance and no less good cross-country performance. What is the secret of cross? Everything is simple - a razdatka is installed on the Chevrolet Niva. Its structure, principle and operation modes are further in our article.
What is it for?
This unit is an indispensable element in all-wheel drive vehicles. The box and razdatka "Chevrolet Niva" redistribute the torque between the drive axles (of which there are two in the car). This mechanism, if necessary, increases the torque during movement (the so-called lowering).
It is worth noting that the transfer case is installed not only on all-wheel drive SUVs. Often car lifts, cranes and other special equipment are equipped with such a system.
Varieties
There are several types of item data:
- Equipped with coaxial drive shafts. This variety is used on many SUVs. She gained such popularity through the use of a single main transmission for both bridges.
- With misaligned driven shaft. There is no countershaft. The advantages of this system are its high efficiency and noiselessness. Also, such a box is characterized by a small curb weight.
- With locking drive axles. It is also installed on the Chevrolet Niva. Here it is possible to use all the torque without slipping the wheels, which is very important when driving on the road. The front axle engages only in difficult sections of the road. On an asphalt pavement, an SUV has a single-drive (only the rear axle works ). This allows you to reduce fuel consumption and, if necessary, increase throughput (when the drive "closes"). Also there is an interaxial forced blocking.
About device
Despite the variation in variety, the device and the principle of operation of these boxes are the same. How is the razdatka arranged (Chevrolet Niva)? This node includes several elements:
- Drive shaft.
- The locking mechanism of the center differential.
- The differential itself.
- Chain or gear transmission.
- Drive shaft rear and front axle.
- Downshift.
All this is controlled from the passenger compartment. To do this, there is a handout lever. Chevrolet Niva has both a lock and a downshift. The torque that goes from the main transmission to the transfer is transmitted through the drive shaft.
Further, the force of the moment is distributed between the axles. Here the
center differential is connected to the work
. This unit allows you to rotate wheels with different angular speeds. By the way, the differential itself can be of several types:
- Unbalanced (distributes torque in different ratios).
- Symmetric (distributes the forces equally).
Lock
It is worth noting that on domestic SUVs the razdatka (Niva Chevrolet including) has a differential lock function. Thus, the transmission of torque can occur either symmetrically or asymmetrically, depending on the position of the shift lever in the passenger compartment. To connect the front axle, a chain drive is used. This unit consists of gear links (slave and master) and a drive chain. On modern SUVs, the inclusion of all-wheel drive is automatic. But here the transfer transmission is made in the form of a bevel gear.
Why do we need a lowering?
As we said earlier, its full name is downshift. Distribution (Chevrolet Niva 1.6 including) allows you to change the main pair, so you can increase the torque. The wheels will rotate slowly, but with great effort. Thus, if the car is stuck in the mud, the inclusion of a reduction gear prevents slipping on all axles. The machine slowly scrambles out of the trap. At the heart of the "lowering" is the principle of a planetary gear.
How does it work?
The principle of its operation is quite simple. It consists in transmitting torque from the transmission to the drive shaft. Then there is a transfer of effort to the center differential.
On the old Niva, the razdatka (Niva Chevrolet does not count) had a mechanism without blocking. Now the car is equipped with a full differential with the possibility of hard locking of the teeth.
Handout modes
This mechanism can operate in five modes:
- The "neutral" is included.
- The differential is unlocked when the "lowering" is off. In this case, the torque is distributed in a ratio of one to two.
- The differential is locked when upshift is engaged. Here, the distribution of torque is made automatically, depending on the quality of the adhesion of the wheels to the road.
- Downshift is engaged, and differential lock is turned off. The transfer of effort occurs in the same ratio as in the first case.
- The differential is locked and the low end is turned on. In this case, all the bridges are rigidly locked together, including the axle shafts. Torque is produced unevenly, depending on the type of pavement (dirt, sand, etc.). In this mode of operation, the best cross-country ability of the car is achieved. But driving with a constantly engaged downshift and with locks will not work. This increases the load on the razdatki bearings. Chevrolet Niva will soon require serious intervention in the transmission. Fuel consumption is also significantly increasing, and it eats up rubber greatly.
How to use?
There is a circuit on the shift lever. To engage a downshift, you need to move the lever to the right, up. To block the differential - pull left to the end. There are also Latin letters on the lever. So, L is a low gear, N is neutral, and H is high. Now let's find out how to use all this, so that then we don’t have to repair the mechanism and change the transfer bearings.
Chevrolet Niva is a universal vehicle that is actively used not only on paved surfaces, but also on impassable roads. So, if you have to overcome a ford or a puddle, you should completely stop and turn on the lowered number of steps. Please note: it must be turned on only after a complete stop. Even at 5 kilometers per hour, you will have problems with the transfer case. But you can lock the differential even on the go. It will not bring any surprises. Unless
fuel consumption will increase due to the constantly working two axles and axles.
In what cases is it necessary to include a reduction gear on the Chevrolet Niva? Her work will be needed at the intersection of the "diagonals", fords and with a long climb, which you climb slowly. Often motorists ask: is it possible to drive with a lock for a long time? Note that it should be included only when absolutely necessary. Otherwise, the load on the teeth and shafts increases. If you ride on asphalt at high speed, you will soon need to replace the transfer case on the Chevrolet Niva.
Forced Unlock
Sometimes it happens that the lock is jammed - it cannot be turned off even when the car is completely stopped. The situation is quite common for the Chevrolet Niva. How to solve it? There is a sure way. To do this, we engage reverse gear, accelerate a little and turn off the differential lock directly while driving. At a certain speed, it can be easily knocked out. But if a similar lamp continues to burn on the dashboard, as in the photo below, the lock was not turned off.
How to be in this situation? You must enable the first speed and try to turn off the node again. Moving back and forth, you will solve the problem with a jammed differential. In general, the center lock is recommended to be included only in severe off-road conditions. At the intersection of dirt roads and sand dunes, a downshift is sufficient.
Overcome a deep puddle
Often there is a dispute between motorists on how best to cross the ford with a transfer case. Some prefer to "fly" into a puddle from acceleration, while others - include a downshift. If you get into a mud pit, there is a big risk of water hammer - water gets into the cylinders through the filter, the motor “chokes”. To eliminate this, many put a special snorkel. But you can do without it. A deep puddle should be overcome in second low gear. This is done so that in case of trouble (when the car starts to fail), switch to the first speed in time and not stall. If you enter the water from acceleration (which is a more correct solution), remember that in the middle of the path the wheels may get stuck. Engine power is not enough to crank the wheels - the car stalls, and the motor grabs the water hammer.
Box repair
Often the cover of the handout (Chevrolet Niva is no exception) begins to let oil pass through it. At the same time, its level in the box begins to slowly but surely fall.
In this case, change the seals of the transfer case. Chevrolet Niva is equipped with three sealing elements. To replace these seals, you need to get the box out. This is best done on a lift or inspection hole. So, first we clean the box from oil stains and carefully blow it. Next, dismantle the driveshaft. An important point: when removing the bolts, inspect their condition. If the thread is “lapped”, such bolts can no longer be used. And to eliminate the imbalance of the driveshaft, make a mark on it in the places of dismantling. Next, insert two bolts into the holes of the shaft flange and screw nuts on them. Use a small mounting paddle to keep the element from twisting. With a 24-head head, remove the nut and remove the flange washer. The last part is also taken out. Next, pick up a flat screwdriver and remove the transfer case oil seal. Wipe the seating surface with a dry cloth and apply a little new oil to the sealing element. Using a mandrel, we press it into place. The rest of the oil seals are installed in the same way. At the end of the repair work, add oil to the razdatka. Chevrolet Niva loves 80W90 gear lubricant.
Other problems
Sometimes there is a knock in the razdatka. Chevrolet Niva is a more reliable car than the VAZ-2121, however, such malfunctions should not be ruled out. The first thing you should pay attention to is the driveline. Previously, there were crosses on the Niva, the play in which was the cause of many noises and vibrations.
If you have an old-generation Niva, first inspect the crosses. As for the new versions, here are used hinges of equal angular velocities. Here the backlash is excluded. Therefore, the reason is looking for the alignment of the gears that are in the transfer case itself. In the presence of backlashes and clearances, the gears must be replaced. It is also recommended to change the oil in the razdatka. An important point - if the machine was overcoming a deep puddle, the grease in the box should be replaced as soon as possible. The presence of water in the oil transfer transmission reduces the resource gears and bearings. By the way, the latter also need to be checked and replaced. Perhaps knocking is due to weak bearing seats. Motorists recommend using anaerobic sealant. They should handle the outer bearing race before installing the element in the grooves.
Another reason is the so-called helicopter. This is the splined part that secures the breakaway with an elastic sleeve. If these symptoms occur, check the wear of the splines. If there is play, replace with a new one.
Conclusion
So, we found out what a transfer case is. As you can see, this is a rather complicated mechanism that you need to use correctly and be able to service. The transfer case has always been and will be an integral part of any four-wheel drive SUV. She more than once rescued motorists while crossing difficult obstacles.