Implantation is a surgical intervention in the human body, more precisely in the oral cavity, to restore a tooth or a number of teeth that have been lost due to many reasons. This may be due to inherited, acquired dental diseases, injuries or improper hygiene. If you do not take measures, then soon there will be serious problems with adjacent teeth due to the additional load.
How to install an implant?
In order to avoid deplorable consequences, it is important to consider, before placing dental implants, contraindications and the presence of any diseases. The basis of an artificial tooth is a metal screw, which is implanted in bone tissue. Next, a prosthesis or crown is attached to it. The metal embedded in the bone is biologically inactive, therefore it does not harm the body and does not cause allergies.
At first, only a few large medical centers could afford to restore teeth. Now this operation is available to everyone.
Types of Implants
Depending on where the implants will be installed, they are divided into several types that differ in shape.
- Root - the most common, have a cylindrical shape similar to the root of the tooth;
- Subperiostal - are installed on too thin bone tissue from the inside of the gums. Despite the simplicity of this procedure, such devices have their drawbacks. The metal structure under the periosteum is implanted and takes up a lot of space. Due to lack of tissue, the supports may protrude into the oral cavity and cause inconvenience. This can be avoided by building a bone, but not all patients agree to such an operation;
- When it comes to prosthetics of the front teeth, endosseous, or intraosseous, platelet dental implants are installed.
Contraindications, if any, do not depend on the type of design chosen. There is also a way to strengthen a loose tooth with endodonto-endoossal implants so as not to lose it at all.
Today, thanks to a large number of manufacturers, it is possible to individually select the type of system that will ideally fit the anatomical structure of the patient's jaw.
Indications and benefits of implantation
As a rule, they resort to the help of artificial teeth for medical reasons, although for aesthetic purposes the procedure for correcting defects is carried out quite often. Loss of front teeth is a serious problem that entails difficulty in chewing food. Therefore, the only way out is dental implants. Contraindications are an important point that requires special attention.
Even in cases where there are gaps in the inconspicuous parts of the jaw, implanting implants in place of missing teeth (to preserve neighboring) is highly recommended. A similar operation gives:
- minimal risk of injury to healthy teeth;
- strong and reliable strengthening of dentures in the oral cavity.
In addition, now there is no need to grind and thereby spoil neighboring
healthy teeth. Implantation is indicated when there is no one or several teeth in a row, end defects are observed, all teeth are missing. In the latter case, it is possible to fix a complete denture.
When can’t dental implants be placed? Contraindications, diseases
There are two types of contraindications for implantation - absolute and relative. The first include such severe chronic diseases as:
- tuberculosis;
- diabetes;
- oncology;
- disorders in the nervous system.
Relative contraindications:
- diseases of the oral cavity (malocclusion, periodontitis);
- pregnancy.
It is necessary to carefully study, before putting dental implants, contraindications. Pregnancy in itself is not a ban, but stress in this situation is very dangerous for the mother and the unborn child, so no doctor will agree to do the operation. In any case, before the procedure, a doctor's consultation and examination is necessary to identify or exclude the above facts prohibiting implantation. Further, at an appointment with an orthopedic surgeon, options and methods of implantation, cost, terms and methods of treatment after surgery will be considered.
Many are concerned about the question of whether there are contraindications for older people on dental implants. Age, as it turned out, does not matter. The problem lies in the general state of human health, its relation to medications and anesthesia. Elderly people have more diseases that can become an obstacle to the procedure.
Some medical examinations have, if there are large fragments, staples, clamps on the blood vessels and dental implants, contraindications. MRI refers to these because of the presence of a metallic foreign body in the oral cavity.
Stages of the operation
- Examination of a patient by a specialist.
- The gum is incised under local anesthesia.
- A hole in the bone is drilled.
- A metal pin is inserted.
- The wound is sutured.
The procedure takes 30-50 minutes, implants take root no earlier than two months later.
After implantation, the oral cavity will have to be looked after a little differently than the way we used to do it from childhood. The dentist will advise special hygiene products that must be used. In addition, after the operation, during the time that the doctor will prescribe, you should not eat too hot or cold, as well as solid foods.
Oral care
Implants are foreign bodies that need at least two months to take root. Following the recommendations will allow you to consolidate the result and enjoy new teeth for many years.
The patient may feel pain after surgery. In this case, the doctor prescribes general and local treatment. Topical treatments include rinsing the mouth and lubricating the inflamed area of the gums. General treatment is carried out with antihistamines and painkillers, as well as antibiotics. Dental implants have contraindications (reviews about them overwhelm the Internet). However, they are not always objective, therefore, it is not worth making final conclusions without a doctor.
As a rule, in patients who underwent such an operation, positive reviews remain. After all, the functionality of the teeth is not disturbed, and they feel just like their own. It is hardly worth talking about aesthetic effects: an impeccable smile is the dream of every person who does not possess it from birth. And yet, before deciding on dental implants, reviews, harm, contraindications - everything must be taken into account in order to obtain the desired result.
False teeth
How much the patient carries the plug-in design is affected primarily by the individual characteristics of the patient. For starters, this is biocompatibility with implantable material, bone volume and gum structure.
On average, if you properly care for your teeth and follow the doctor's recommendations, you can wear the system for 20-25 years. However, the skill of the doctor and the quality of work play an important role.
4D implantation
A new method of implantation is 4D implantation. He is practiced in Europe quite successfully. Its peculiarity is that it became possible to insert a titanium pin even into a small volume of bone tissue. Patients not only can, but must also load two weeks after the operation (if there are no visible complications) such dental implants. No one has canceled contraindications with this method, and therefore examination and preliminary consultation with a doctor are mandatory.
Such implantation is cheaper than usual, because it does not require a large number of surgical interventions. Due to the fact that the implants are integrated precisely into the bone, there is no specific innervation in this compound. Therefore, pain with a strong pressing on an artificial tooth will not be felt.