The theme of the main steps of the gamut is very important in musical theory, but before proceeding to the study of the “filling,” you should examine the surface of the cake itself: the lad is the interaction of stable and unstable steps, the sequence of which determines its variety.
Types of frets
There are two main types of frets that even people who are far from music know:
- major (in Latin - dur);
- minor (in Latin - moll).
For beginners, there is a simpler definition that explains them like this:
Levels of fret and their relationship
As mentioned earlier, a lad is a relationship of steps. But what exactly are these steps?
- Step - a sound that goes into one octave (an octave consists of 7 notes and the 8th repeats the first = 7 steps + one repeating).
The location of each step depends on its height: the higher the sound, the greater the step.
Frets can be composed from any sound. The most familiar to all of us is the note Do.
From leader To, we build in the sequence of other subordinates: Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, Si; and close the row with the same responsible person - the note To, but of another octave. This creates gamma.
- Gamma - a chain of sounds, where the first and last are the same in name, but the distance between them is equal to one octave.
Illustrative example:
The main steps of the fret and their names
Before us is the scale in C major:
- Before - I;
- Re - II;
- Mi - III;
- Fa - IV;
- Salt - V;
- La - VI;
- C - VII;
- To - I.
On the left are the names of the notes, and on the right are the very steps.
However, as in life, everyone fulfills their roles. Someone leads a crowd, someone is its foundation, someone works for the benefit of others.
So, the leader of the musical movement (scale in C major) is the note Do, and it is the main step of the fret - I. It is very easy to remember using the name of the scale: if its name is C major, then the first step will be the note Do; if in E major, then the note will be Mi, and a similar principle always works in all scales.
I stage is a reference point for the constructions of all other chords and triads. However, the leader always needs the "right hand" or his deputy. Our director has two such hands at once: IV and V steps.
Remaining on the same example, in C major, under the fourth number is the note fa, under the fifth - salt. In a similar way, musicians calculate the remaining two main steps.
Like all other terms, they also have their own names:
- I stage - tonic (abbreviated in lat. "T");
- IV stage - subdominant (S);
- V stage - dominant (D).
It should be clarified: in the minor fret, the abbreviated names are written with small letters: t, s and d, this simplifies the situation while figuring out which fret a step or chord belongs to.
What are they needed for?
Tonic is the main step of the fret. Almost all the pieces end with her, as if putting an end to the end of the musical history. Its role is the foundation and base.
A subdominant serves as a kind of “door” with which you can go to other keys (studied in solfeggio and harmony lessons) or prepare for the transition to dominant.
Dominant is a loyal friend of his boss, with the help of which the tonic asserts itself as a full leader of the gamut. This situation most often occurs in the last final chords of the work.
But as you know: every employee, even if not holding the highest position, has his own team. This same team in music are triads.
Chords
- Triad is a chord consisting of three sounds.
But why are the triads of the main stages of the fret in music so important?
This chord can be built on any note, but if it is the main note, then its “foundation” will be: I, III and V steps. Their important merit lies in the fact that they determine the type of fret.
So, in major they will sound pronounced bright solemn timbre, while in minor, on the contrary, saddened and mournful.
- The triads of the main steps of the fret are indicators that should be guided in matters of major, minor and other existing modes.
How is it built?
The next question that should go along the logical chain: what is the structure of the triad and how is it built?
The answer lies in the name itself: TRE-sounding is based on 3 sounds, built at a distance of a third (an interval that includes 3 steps).
Example:
Kinds
If the main steps of the fret are more or less clear, then what are the others called?
- The main ones are I, IV, V;
- Derivatives - II, III, VI, VII.
In addition to the modal classification, there is one more, determined by the state of the step:
All three steps are part of the tonic triad (in music, the wording is T5 3 ). They sound stable and confident, without requiring any external support. Separately, it is necessary to distinguish the third stage, since it determines the mood: the traditional Mi note is characteristic of C major, but if you lower it a half tones lower (E flat), then C minor will already sound;
- unstable - II, IV, VI, VII;
Their sound is not supported by support, there is an eternal sense of understatement and a desire to go over something (to resolve), they complete their journey in stable stages of harmony.