Hazardous production facilities pose a great threat to both people and the environment. For this reason, each such object needs special control. In our country, the function of the control body is performed by Rostechnadzor. This organization, by its order No. 495, approved the requirements and specifics of maintaining the state register of hazardous production facilities. This article reveals the features of introducing various types of production facilities into this database, as well as their mechanism for their exclusion from it.
General definitions and provisions
Under a dangerous object, people understand equipment, the probability of failure of which is quite high, while significant damage is caused to the environment and people (working personnel and the population of nearby settlements).
A hazardous production facility is understood to mean an industrial facility (separate workshop or section) where equipment operates under high pressure (more than 70,000 Pa). Such equipment should also include water heating plants with a working temperature of more than 115 degrees Celsius. However, this is not the whole list of hazardous production facilities. It also includes enterprises in which hazardous substances are formed (stored or processed, transported, disposed of, etc.) hazardous substances (toxic, strong oxidizing agents, explosives, etc.), lifting mechanisms and machines are used, work is carried out to extract minerals from the bowels of the earth , melted metals and metal alloys.
All of these hazardous production facilities are mandatory registered with Rostekhnadzor. This organization monitors the health of this equipment throughout its entire life cycle. In addition, Rostekhnadzor is obliged to monitor the timely passage of certification and re-certification by the working and engineering personnel, carries out an expert assessment of the industrial safety of facilities and workplaces, and so on. We can confidently say that the complex of the above measures can significantly reduce the accident rate and emergency situations at production facilities in the country. After all, as a rule, it is precisely hazardous production facilities that cause large-scale technological disasters.
Authorized employees of supervisory bodies have the right to suspend the activities of enterprises if critical violations at work are identified. If the commission fixes the elimination of these violations, then the production activity of the enterprise may be resumed.
After a thorough study of all the documentation, the specialist of the licensing department makes a decision on registering the object or returning the documents. Registration is carried out in the following sequence: entering the necessary information into the register, assigning a unique number to the object and issuing a state-issued certificate, entering the assigned number into the database, issuing an accounting card for each object (required in duplicate), signing the certificate by the head of the registration and licensing authority of the Federal Agency for Supervision and affixing the state stamp on the certificate.
In the event that the specialists of the licensing and registration department of Rosnadzor discovered violations, they are entitled to return the entire package of documents for revision. When returning documents, the inspector must notify the operating organization (either verbally or in writing). After that, the reception and registration of objects is suspended until all defects are completely eliminated by the operating organization. At the same time, a period of five working days for these corrections is established, after which the procedure will need to be repeated.
Why do I need to register objects?
In accordance with the law on industrial safety of hazardous production facilities, the registration of the latter is carried out in order to assign the means of production the status of a hazardous facility, which makes it possible to present increased safety requirements for this facility. In addition, from the moment of registration in the aforementioned register, the object is put on a special register, which allows state bodies to regularly monitor compliance with safety and labor protection standards at industrial enterprises. The purposes of entering industrial hazardous production facilities into a special register also include obtaining the opportunity to analyze the security status at specific organizations and industries, as well as the ability to provide the necessary information about the security status at a particular enterprise to interested bodies and persons.
What information is in the registry?
Filling the database with redundant data is not allowed. This can lead to a number of problems. In accordance with the law on industrial safety of hazardous production facilities, information on the full name of the organization (facility) must be indicated in this database without fail. Of course, the legal address of the organization and the physical address of the production should be indicated. Also in the appropriate columns of the database should be a list of signs of danger of a particular object and its type. If during the operation of the equipment, activities are carried out for which it is necessary to obtain a license, then this must be noted in the register without fail. The document should contain information about the organization that operates the facility and information about state registration.
Registration and registration
Registration is carried out in accordance with generally accepted industrial safety rules. Hazardous production facilities are entered into the register by a special unit of Rostekhnadzor - the licensing department. This procedure takes no more than 20 calendar days. But this period can also be revised upwards (in agreement with the organization that is engaged in the operation of the equipment). As a rule, the need to extend the registration deadline arises if at the same time a large number of hazardous equipment is registered (more than one hundred units).
Entering objects into the register is possible only after their identification. This procedure, as a rule, is carried out with the involvement of third-party independent experts.
Interaction of the licensing authority with the enterprise
In accordance with the Federal law (Federal Law “On the Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities”), all consultations by specialists of the licensing department of Rostekhnadzor are free of charge. Authorized inspectors and responsible officials step-by-step explain the procedure for registering objects, as well as their re-registration and introduction of amendments if necessary. Moreover, it is allowed to contact the listed officials and informally. In other words, the representative of the operating organization can simply call the licensing department, bypassing many bureaucratic obstacles.
On what issues is the inspector required to consult?
Questions that a licensing department employee must answer are strictly regulated by law. The safety of hazardous production facilities is ensured by strict control and transparency of industry standards.
Organizations that are owners of hazardous facilities may request information on documents that are necessary for the registration or re-registration of such assets in the state registry. Such information includes, for example, a list of documents required for inclusion in the register, as well as documents that will be required when re-registering and excluding objects from dangerous lists. Also, the authorized official may request information on the location of the licensing and registering body, as well as on the work schedule and on the timing of the registration procedure.
The necessary package of documents for registration
Registration of a particular facility in the register of hazardous industrial facilities requires the provision of a full package of documents. This is, first of all, a hazardous facility registration card, a characteristic (basic information) about an industrial facility, a characteristic of the enterprise itself and its charter, copies of certificates of registration with the tax authorities and an official letter of registration in the state register of industrial facilities, about entering data into the state register legal entities. In addition, additional information is provided (if necessary and at the request of the registering authority) about hazardous facilities. This information may be required if, according to the estimates of experienced specialists of the licensing authority, more equipment is required.
When is it necessary to provide additional information?
As already mentioned, additional information may be required if the specialists of the registering and licensing authority doubt the veracity and relevance of the data provided by the organization.
Specialists may require the provision of additional information in cases where the calculation of the amount of equipment, taking into account the specifics of the enterprise, is implausible. This is usually the most common reason for providing additional information. However, far from the only one. Additional information may be required even with an increased rate of hazardous substances in the enterprise, as well as if some signs of danger are deliberately omitted, the activities of all departments are not fully reflected, and so on.
Class of hazardous chemical weapons storage facilities
Such equipment is classified as a first hazard class. It should be noted that this category includes not only weapons storage facilities, but also enterprises for its disposal. Also in this category are enterprises that produce chemical reagents for special purposes.
Hazard classes of facilities intended for hydrocarbon production
Such objects may belong to one of the following hazard classes:
Hazard class 2 - for installations working with raw materials with a high content of hydrogen sulfide, which is an explosive substance.
Hazard class 3 - this includes plants that work with raw materials with a hydrogen sulfide content of one to six percent in mass terms.
Hazard class 4 - this category includes all other hydrocarbon production units.
Hazard of gas distribution equipment
In accordance with the safety rules of hazardous production facilities where natural gas is present, machines and mechanisms with a pressure of 120,000 Pa belong to the second hazard class. This also includes installations for transporting liquefied gas (pressure exceeds 160,000 Pa). All other installations, in accordance with the rules and regulations, belong to the 3rd group.
Hazard class of heating boilers and installations
This equipment belongs to the group of hazardous production facilities. The rules state that the equipment of boiler houses that supply hot water to the population belongs to the third hazard class. This group may also include other objects. The pressure of the working atmosphere in such equipment can be 160,000 Pa or more, and the working temperature reaches 250 degrees.
Hazard classes of mining facilities (mines)
In accordance with applicable law, coal mines and other industrial facilities are classified as hazard class 1, since they may cause a gas explosion, an unexpected release of gas or rock, filling with water, and so on.
The second class of hazard should include those objects that are not indicated in the higher paragraph. As a rule, this group includes open pit mines with a significant rate of rock production (one million cubic meters per year minimum).
The third class should include open mines with a much more modest output - from one hundred thousand to one million cubic meters per year.
Neither the fourth class is open-pit mines with a relatively insignificant and small volume of production per year (up to 100,000 m 3 ).