How to get access to electrical safety, it is important to know all specialists related to electrical engineering. All kinds of certifications, the results of which are entered into the work book, are used in determining the level of preparedness of any specialist whose activities are related to technology. Experienced workers have certain categories or categories that determine their level of tolerance, professionalism. In fact, they evaluate the tasks of what complexity a given specialist is able to perform. Also, categories and categories play a large role in determining the level of wages. In this article we will tell you what electricians and other employees need to do to confirm their qualifications, where to go.
Admission group
For employees related to electrical engineering, there is the concept of an electrical safety clearance group. In order to fulfill their duties at a high level, you need to know how to get an electrical safety clearance. Assignment of a group occurs only as a result of a meeting of a special commission. Who can be part of it is defined in the legislation, there can be no changes. Based on the results of testing, the specialist is issued the appropriate certificate of a single sample. This document is crucial in assessing the level of qualification of an employee.
It is important for an individual to obtain access groups for electrical safety when applying for a job. Based on this document, the manager will be able to determine the level of qualification of the employee, what responsibilities he can fulfill, what salary to count on.
Level of knowledge
At the same time, documents acquired at a previous job are valid, so maintaining all your old crusts is very important.
Also, this document may be needed when appointing team members and a responsible leader to solve all sorts of tasks in electrical installations.
The admission group establishes the level of training and knowledge, how far the workers are guided in the methods of safe handling of electricity. Five groups are identified in Russia. There are special conditions for obtaining electrical safety approval for each of them.
First group
The first admission group is the initial one. You do not need to take any exam or test to get it. Workers with the first access group do not have the right to work on existing electrical installations or to service them. This is personnel who are not directly involved in electrics.
According to the law, the first access group should be assigned to persons from among the electrotechnological and electrotechnical personnel, even if they do not have any training and minimum experience with electrical installations.
It all comes down to the fact that the head of the enterprise must take measures to ensure that none of his employees are injured by electric shock. For example, formally, even the loader should have in his hands the corresponding document of the first tolerance group. Since in any warehouse where it works, there are wiring or devices with an electric drive, theoretically it can suffer.
However, few people pay attention to this, since the first tolerance group is assigned after a briefing conducted by a specialist with a tolerance group not lower than the third. It should be completed with a checklist. Based on the answers to them, a decision is made on the assignment of the appropriate admission group to the employee.
An employee with the first access group needs to know basic information about the danger of current, about how to provide first aid in case of electric shock, about methods of fulfilling their own duties that will not lead to a threat to their own lives and the lives of others.
Second group
Obtaining the 2nd group of electrical safety approval is already more difficult. It is assigned only by certification to non-electrical and electrical personnel. There are two options for where to get the electrical safety approval group. The commission that is going to do this should hold a meeting at the enterprise itself or at the regional office of Rostekhnadzor.
To obtain the second tolerance group, certain conditions must be met. For example, a specialist must work on electrical installations from one to two months, depending on the availability of initial education from him.
If the certification is primary, and the subject does not have any electrical education, then before the exam he will have to undergo compulsory theoretical training lasting at least 72 hours.
At the same time, certification of personnel for the 2nd admission group is allowed with a minimum length of service on electrical installations in the first group and in the absence of a specialized education. At the same time, we note that formally workers with the first access group do not have the right to work on electrical installations. Officially, they can only be at a decent distance during work.
Having received the second group, the employee has the right to work on electrical installations without making connections, under the supervision of more experienced and qualified specialists. As a rule, the second group is enough to work as a crane driver, welder, elevator.
A specialist having this group, in addition to the knowledge that an employee with the first group should possess, is obliged to have general information about the principles of operation of electricity, devices under his jurisdiction. He should also have practical first aid skills for electric shock. It is possible to gain such experience on simulators where special mannequins are used.
It is worth noting that for non-electrical personnel it is not necessary to pass certification if its direct place of work is not an electrical installation. However, many employers nowadays prefer to play it safe by organizing courses to obtain the second admission group, even for sellers in shops and cleaners.
Note that the second admission group is considered the maximum for minor employees.
Third group
Specialists with the third access group can also obtain an electrical safety approval at Rostekhnadzor. A commission is also going for them on the basis of the enterprise. Only 3 electrotechnical personnel can obtain a 3-group electrical safety approval. It is assumed that the employees who have passed the certification can independently connect electrical installations up to 1000 volts and personally inspect them. They are also part of the teams that service devices with a capacity of more than 1000 volts, but only subject to the availability of a certificate stating that a specialist is allowed to work with such powerful installations.
Among the conditions that govern how to obtain an electrical safety clearance for the 3rd group, it is imperative to have experience working with electrical installations in the second group. A specialist with higher technical education can count on receiving this level of admission one month after working in the second group, and a graduate of vocational school only six months later.
Such an employee should possess the knowledge provided for representatives of the two previous groups, understand electrical engineering, know everything about the device and the procedure for servicing electrical installations, be able to free a person who has been exposed to electric current.
Since access to electrical safety of group 3 is only possible as a result of certification, a special commission is going to do this. Such an employee has the right to be responsible for the safe conduct of work on electrical installations up to 1000 volts, and, along with a special order, to work on more powerful devices.
Fourth group
Unlike previous tolerance levels, there is only one place where you can obtain electrical safety tolerance 4 groups. This is Rostekhnadzor. On the basis of management, appropriate certification is organized.
Such specialists already carry out the widest range of duties, since getting the 4th group of electrical safety approval is not at all simple. These are already highly qualified employees who issue work orders for equipment up to 1000 volts, as well as orders for tasks on installations with a capacity of more than 1000 volts, if they are included in the list approved by the head responsible for all energy management at the enterprise.
Since it is possible to obtain the 4th group of electrical safety approval only after passing the relevant certification, a certificate is issued to the specialist. It may contain a mark that allows you to work on equipment up to and above 1000 volts.
Group 4 is assigned to employees with higher education after 2 months of work, specialists without secondary education - only after 6 months of work in the 3rd group. The fourth group cannot be assigned to trainees.
Explaining how to obtain the electrical safety clearance of the 4th group, we note that the specialist must have the knowledge provided for the three previous groups, and according to the full program of vocational schools. Be sure to master the basics of electrical safety and fire safety, the ability to understand electrical circuits, the skills of staff training and briefing.
Fifth group
How to get the 5th group of tolerance for electrical safety, you need to know qualified specialists, as this is the maximum degree of responsibility, which implies the ability to perform work on the most complex electrical installations. Also, such specialists are allowed to supervise such work, up to the point of fulfilling the duties of the person responsible for the energy sector at the enterprise.
There is only one place where it is possible to obtain an electrical safety approval in this case. This is a commission organized in Rostekhnadzor. If there is a certificate containing a permit to work with equipment over 1000 volts, such an employee has the right to issue orders or orders when performing the most complex tasks on any equipment.
The fifth category of admission to the holder of a higher electrical education can be obtained after 3 months of work in the fourth group. A vocational school graduate - only after two years.
Such an employee can understand the layout and schemes of electrical equipment, knows the safety standards, the timing of equipment testing, the rules for using effective protective equipment.
Also, the specialist is required to possess regulatory documents on electrical fire safety, to be able to clarify these standards by conducting a briefing. It is important to be able to lead in the implementation of work of any complexity in electrical installations.
Commission
The composition of the commission depends on which admission group the employee is applying for. To issue an appropriate permit to electrotechnological and electrotechnical personnel, a commission of five people, headed by a person responsible for the electrical sector, will be required.
It should include a labor protection engineer who monitors the operation of electrical installations, and must be the chief engineer of your company or plant. The commission members themselves are pre-certified in the local department of Rostekhnadzor. It is also allowed to participate in the commission of the inspector representing this organization. The chairman of the commission must have a fifth tolerance group if the plant uses installations with a capacity of over 1000 volts. If there is no such equipment, it is enough for the chairman of the commission to have a fourth admission group.
Certification Result
Based on the results of the examination, the commission draws up a protocol that all its members must sign. It makes a record of the assessment of the knowledge of the certified person, of the assignment of a certain admission group to him.
The same information is entered in the table, which is contained in the certificate of the employee who passed the certification. Only the chairman signs it.
Checking the level of knowledge of personnel working directly in electrical installations is carried out annually. The same requirements apply to technical and administrative personnel who have the right to work in electrical installations. All other personnel, including labor protection engineers, are examined every three years.
Certificate
In the certificate confirming the admission group, in addition to the information itself and the certification passed, the following information must be present on the title page:
- specialist data;
- place of work and position;
- electrical safety category.
The title page is mandatory certified by the seal of the organization in which the specialist works, and by the signature of the head responsible for the energy sector. The certificate, which is issued to the person responsible for the energy sector, signs the head of the enterprise.
The last page contains a table, which is a certificate of the right to carry out special work. Here, entries are made about the right to carry out certain works by an employee. For example, by measuring or testing electrical equipment. This is true for specialists in electrical laboratories. Information can also be provided confirming the qualifications for performing work at heights.
Based on this document, it is concluded what level of qualification an employee possesses and what salary he can apply for.