The main problem of many of our homeowners is the ever-increasing energy tariffs. Therefore, it is easy to explain that many of them are constantly in search of alternative heating methods. In recent years, solid fuel boilers have become especially popular, which can be heated not only with coal, but also with wood.
But you need to buy firewood and coal. And what if you need to heat a large garage or production hall? After all, taxes are far from being the most humane, and therefore you always want to at least somehow minimize costs.
Problems can be resolved efficiently by the boiler. With your own hands, making this heater is quite easy. Spending money only on material, in the end you can free (or for a penny) to heat even large rooms, at the same time combating environmental pollution.
Which design to prefer?
If you are faced with the task of heating not a garage, standing separately on the outskirts, but a more or less large building, we recommend that you pay attention to the boiler with a hot water circuit. In this case, you can not only significantly improve the aesthetic appearance of the entire heating system by simply hiding the device in a separate room, but also use the energy from the burned oil much more efficiently.
In addition, an ordinary working boiler will look somewhat ridiculous in some office space. But if you place it in the boiler room and stretch the pipes, then all decency will be respected. We remind you that in the living room there is always a need for hot water, so it makes sense to make a double-circuit boiler.
Where to install?
Itβs not enough to make the boiler work out. With your own hands, you can well burn the room if you do not equip the place where this equipment will be installed in advance. Firstly, never place the boiler near the entrance. If something lights up, you just can't get out.
Safety precautions
In the garage, in any case, it will be necessary to provide a safe way for the evacuation of the car. From the wall to the installation site should be at least half a meter, and the walls themselves are preferably upholstered with refractory material. The chimney in the case of using the used oil is very hot, and therefore, in no case should it come into contact with wood or other materials that can quickly ignite.
Ideally, the oven should be installed on a concrete base. And it is better to do it in the form of a excavation in the ground. Even if burning oil spills out of the oven, it will not cause any harm.
Be sure to worry about a reliable ventilation system, since when burning oil, a large amount of carbon monoxide is released, as well as other compounds that are not very useful for human health. This issue should not be neglected.
Principle of operation
By the way, how does it all work? After all, if you pour the used oil into a conventional oven, then all this will end in fire!
In many ways, the principle of operation of the described devices is similar to that for a familiar blowtorch. The furnace is made of two containers, which communicate through an air supply pipe.
The oil itself in this case is poured into the lower compartment. There it heats up and begins to evaporate. These vapors enter the air exchange pipe, where they ignite. The burning oil-air mixture passes into the second tank (afterburner). There it finally burns out, and all the remaining gases and metal particles (of which there are many in the oil) go into the chimney.
How to do it?
Before you make a boiler for self-development, you should worry about finding a metal suitable for this purpose. Since the temperature in the combustion chamber is serious when burning oil, it is advisable to find suitable cuttings for the main pipes made of high-quality steel. If there are none, an ordinary household gas cylinder is suitable.
In order for the operation of the furnace to be fully automated, a pump is useful for supplying oil and forcing air into the combustion chamber. To ensure circulation of the coolant, a circulation pump is needed. You will also need registers and pipes for installing the heating system in the room. Considering that a water boiler at working out assumes rather high coolant temperatures, this should be done as carefully as possible.
Structural elements
Having learned about the main design features, you can get to work. First, you need to make two containers of metal. Their diameter is not so important. Suppose that it will correspond to the standard sizes of the main pipes or a gas cylinder. The chimney pipe is very important, in the design of which there should not be horizontally located sections!
In the pipe, which connects the parts of the furnace, you need to immediately drill several holes for better air intake, and you need to drill them in the upper part (the lower one will be used for another). The pipe between the two containers must pass through a casing filled with coolant (water).
When doing the boiler yourself, you should pay special attention to the quality of all welds, since defects can lead to very unpleasant consequences.
Attention! In conventional spent fuel boilers, the afterburner along its entire length has many openings through which air enters, providing better traction. Since in our case about 70% of the surface will be in a casing with water, to ensure normal combustion of fuel, it will be necessary to force air there. Only such a scheme of the development boiler will ensure its long and trouble-free operation.
Simply put, you can not do without a pressure pump. If you try to save money, then very soon both the afterburner and the chimney will be covered with a thick layer of soot.
How to provide the best efficiency?
Important! A plate should be welded to the lid of the upper tank, which would not reach the bottom. What is this feature for?
It is very important, as it slows down the burning mixture, ensuring its better burning out and high efficiency of the entire structure. If you do not include this element in the design of the furnace, then it will eat oil in barrels.
Through the upper part it will be necessary to pass the water heating circuit, for which the corresponding fittings cut in advance through which this pipe will connect to the casing.
In the cover of the lower chamber, make two holes, one of which should be equipped with a shutter. It will be necessary for smooth regulation of traction and temperature conditions. The second hole will be designed to fill the oil in the evaporation chamber.
Important! Since oil is a very dangerous substance in terms of fires, it is advisable to constructively provide a funnel through which it is much safer to fill fuel. So your heating boiler at workout will not cause a fire.
If you are making a double-circuit boiler, then the entire system must be connected to the water supply. It is necessary to provide for an expansion tank of a decent capacity. Note that it is better to entrust the drawings of boilers for mining with a water circuit to professional equipment.
How to light a stove?
Oddly enough, this is very easy to do. First, through a funnel (remember what we said above), approximately a liter of used oil is poured into the lower compartment. They kindle him by putting a piece of burnt paper on him. When the oil flares up and begins to boil, another five liters of mining are added there.
If you intend to use an automatic system for refueling, you must immediately adjust its mechanism. The combustion rate largely depends on the characteristics of the furnace and traction, but on average this amount of fuel is enough for two to three hours. Thus, home-made boilers for working out can be excellent helpers in maintaining the budget.