After installing windows or doors, it is necessary to properly slope. They significantly improve the appearance of the structure, prevent heat loss through the cracks. To carry out such finishes, different materials are used.
If desired, this work can be done independently. To do this, you need to consider in detail the manufacturing technology of such a finish. How to make slopes with your own hands will be discussed later.
Slope Assignment
Before you consider how to make slopes with your own hands, you need to consider their purpose. Some owners of houses and apartments believe that it is enough to blow out the joints with foam after installing plastic windows or doors. However, this is not the case. Foam does not fully protect the home from heat loss.
It should be said that such material requires additional protection. If the mounting foam is unclosed for a long time, it will actively absorb moisture. Temperature fluctuations also have a devastating effect on it. As a result, the insulating layer is rapidly destroyed. He will no longer be able to protect the room from drafts and noise. Heat losses through improperly mounted slopes amount to 40%.
Properly executed slopes can not only protect the installation joints from destruction. They will act as additional thermal insulation. Also the slopes are a decorative finish. In this case, the windows will not fog up.
Varieties
To understand how to make slopes on doors and windows, it is necessary to consider their varieties in detail. This type of finish can be made of different materials. Previously, the plastering method was used to create slopes. Today, new materials have appeared. They are easy to install and durable.
The most popular type is plastic slopes. They are in harmony with plastic windows or balcony blocks. According to their technical characteristics, these materials are similar. Plastic is durable, easy to clean. He is not afraid of temperature changes.
One of the new types of plastic slopes are special sandwich panels. They incorporate a layer of insulation. This greatly simplifies the installation procedure.
Another popular type of slope is drywall finish. This is one of the most inexpensive materials. It is distinguished by high environmental performance. Drywall can be used in any room.
Features of plastering
To choose the right finishing technology, you need to consider in detail how to make slopes on plastic windows. The most ancient is the plastering method. It was used back in the 90s of the last century. Plastering will be an acceptable option if a major or complete redecoration is carried out in the room.
In the process of applying plaster, the walls are sure to get dirty. If they already have a layer of wallpaper or other finish, it will be spoiled. Therefore, this option is not suitable for already renovated premises.
This method often involves the installation of beacons. Such corners will help strengthen the base of the window or doorway. When dismantling an old window, building materials in this area may deform, crack, and crumble. To prevent further destruction of the surface of the opening, corners are used.
Preparing for plastering
There is a relatively simple and proven over the years technique, how to make slopes on the windows with stucco hands from the plaster. First you need to install beacons. The first of them is installed so that the plaster mix lies on the frame at least 5 cm. The lighthouse must be strictly in a horizontal position.
The second corner must be installed at the corners of the window or doorway. The distance between all beacons should be the same. Skews are not allowed. This is verified using the building level.
If the slopes need to be finished from the inside of the room, you can use gypsum plaster mixture. It is environmentally friendly, non-combustible. With this composition, even large potholes and cracks can be glossed over. If you need to make a layer more than 3 cm, fine sifted sand is added to the composition. For exterior work, special facade plaster or cement mixture with water-repellent components is used.
Plastering procedure
Studying the technology of how to make slopes correctly, special attention should be paid to the plastering process. When the putty of the appropriate type is involved, you can begin to work. The composition is applied to the surface in several layers. When the first layer is created, it is allowed to dry.
First spray. The first layer can be quite coarse. For this, a special starting gypsum putty can be used (for internal work). After drying, priming is carried out. On the first layer, lay the plaster a second time. It must be carefully leveled.
The third layer will be the finish. It is created from special putty. It consists of a fine fraction. The result is a perfectly flat white surface. The finish layer is only a few millimeters. When it dries well, the surface is treated with fine grain sandpaper. You can also use a grinder.
Finishing the plastering process
After applying the plaster, the correct final stage of this type of finish should be carried out. Studying how to make slopes on the windows, this technology needs to be considered in detail. In places where the putty is connected to the door block, you need to cover the cracks. A special sealant is used for this.
The junction is cut with a clerical knife to a depth of 3 mm. The angle should be 45º. The recess must be primed and sealed. You need to do this procedure carefully. The line should be very flat. This will help the use of masking tape. The sealant layer must be leveled with a rubber spatula. Then, before the sealant dries, the adhesive tape is removed.
Before painting, the layer of plaster is primed. For finishing, you can apply compositions on an oil, acrylic basis. The second option is preferable. Paint is applied in 2 layers. This is necessary to create the desired shade. The first layer should dry well. Only then can the paint be applied a second time. The process of filling the slopes takes about a week.
Plastic slopes
Knowing how to finish using plaster, you need to consider the technique of how to make slopes from plastic. This is one of the most popular methods today. With temperature differences, the material of metal-plastic windows and slopes will expand and narrow simultaneously. Therefore, this type of finish is popular.
Plastic is used to decorate windows both inside and outside. There are three varieties of slopes in this category. The first of these includes foam plastic panels. The second group included sandwich panels. The third category includes mixed finishes. The slope in this case consists of drywall with a plastic top layer.
Often when arranging plastic windows and doors, sandwich panels are used. They differ in reasonable cost. At the same time they are easy to mount. Such material does not cause condensation on the windows. Their thickness should be more than 1 cm. You can choose any color and texture of the plastic surface. Slopes harmoniously fit into the interior.
Installation of sandwich panels
There is a simple technique for making slopes from panels. On the outer edge of the opening you need to fix the wooden rail with screws. It should be flat, which is checked using the building level. This rail will take on the load of the sandwich panel.
Next, in the grooves, you need to mount the start profile. A slope will need to be attached to it. Then it is insulated. A layer of mineral wool or polystyrene is laid behind the plastic. The first option is preferable. It does not burn, it is an environmentally friendly material.
From the outside, the slopes are mounted to the wall. This procedure is performed using self-tapping screws. Their hats are covered with special caps. You can also fix slopes with brackets. But this is a more laborious and complicated process. The first option is simpler, so it is used much more often.
PVC foam slopes
Next, you should consider another option, how to make plastic slopes. In this case, foamed PVC is used. They are distinguished by a smooth top layer. It is possible to make semicircular slopes from this material. To bend a strip of foamed PVC, it is cut in several places. The furrow should not exceed one third of the thickness of the panel. After giving the sheet the desired shape, the cuts are necessarily coated with glue.
Installation requires preliminary fixation of the profile. The panel will be installed on it. The space between the wall and the PVC sheet must be blown out with foam. This procedure is performed carefully so that the foam does not expand too much inside the structure.
After that, the profile is fixed to the outer corner. Joints must be carefully treated with silicone. Their surfaces are smoothed with a rubber spatula.
For panels that combine drywall and plastic, installation is carried out according to the same scheme as for sandwich panels.
Plasterboard slopes
Another option, how to make slopes on the windows, is the use of drywall. This is a practical, relatively inexpensive material. If for some reason its top layer becomes dirty or damaged, it can be repaired. In this case, drywall is plastered and plastered.
The disadvantage of this finishing method is the lengthy installation process. It will take several steps. First, a wireframe is created. You can do without it, if the surface of the base is flat. Next, sheets of drywall are stacked. They are puttyed, coated with a primer. This is followed by painting.
In favor of the presented type of decoration, we can say that this is one of the most durable varieties of decoration. Drywall slopes are easy to clean. This method is only suitable for indoor use and dry rooms. This material strongly absorbs moisture. A special moisture-proof drywall is on sale. However, its cost will be an order of magnitude higher.
Wireframe Installation Method
You should consider how to make slopes from drywall when using a frame. This will require a galvanized profile. If this procedure is for door slopes, metal guides can be used. First, the opening is blown with foam. Its excess is cut off after a day.
Around the perimeter of the opening you need to install a guide profile. The frame should consist of galvanized rails. When it is assembled, a layer of mineral wool is laid inside the structure. After that, sheets of drywall can be mounted on top of the frame. It is polished and putty. The corners are closed with a metal corner profile. This will prevent their delamination.
When the drywall is prepared for further processing, it is covered with a primer layer. When it dries, you can apply a layer of acrylic paint.
Frameless Method
You should also consider how to make slopes from drywall without a frame. This method is not always suitable. Only if old slopes were previously installed, can they be mounted on new trim sheets. The base is cleaned, covered with a primer.
Perlsfix glue is applied on the drywall. Then it is installed on the base and additionally fixed to the old frame with self-tapping screws. When the materials are dry, they are coated with a finishing putty.
Having considered how to make slopes, you can choose the right finishing method and complete the entire procedure yourself.