Microimplants in orthodontics are essentially miniature screws that are inserted into the bone of the jaw tissue during therapy with a bracket system. Mini screws help shorten the period of orthodontic treatment.
When moving teeth, such structures act as a support.
After implantation of microimplants, the orthodontist will connect them using a spring traction to the bracket system.
The installation of orthodontic microimplants is almost painless and does not last long. They put mini-screws for up to six months, and after achieving this goal they calmly remove it.
At the end of the last century, it was proposed to use microimplants in the form of “anchors” for splinting of mobile teeth. In the field of dental implantation, a number of impressive results have already been achieved by this time. The experience gained in that period was the basis for compiling a new effective treatment technique.
Due to microimplants, orthodontics thus gained more opportunities in the treatment of occlusion disorders, as well as correcting the position of teeth.
Benefits and Results
If microimplants are used in orthodontics, the process of dental correction is accelerated.
The results are predictable and very accurate.
When using implants, it is not necessary to use anchorage (additional supports), the amount of stress and stress points that appear on working arcs are reduced.
In some cases, the use of the apparatus can be minimized or even eliminated.
Expanding treatment options in the orthodontic field. It became possible for the orthodontist to treat even when the patient has no supporting teeth, thanks to the implantation of microimplants for a while, as well as permanent titanium structures as a support with further prosthetics.
A photo of microimplants in orthodontics is presented.
The action of microimplants
When correcting a bite, orthodontists need to cope with such a violation as ensuring the stationary state of the teeth used as a support. Any methods of orthodontic treatment are based on the principle of moving teeth in the necessary direction.
To exclude incorrect movement of supporting teeth before the invention of the method of microimplantation, traditionally complicated design of bracket systems was used.
The term "anchorage" (support) in the orthodontic dictionary means "resistance to unwanted movement of teeth."
The displacement of supporting teeth in traditional technologies does not occur due to special restraining arcs.
This remedy has undeniable effectiveness, but the patient is thus forced to wear a rather bulky design with special retaining rings that injure the mucous membrane over a long period.
A lot of effort is required from the orthodontist; he has to build an individual system of "balances" all the time during the correction.
The most difficult thing is to keep the supporting teeth in patients if they suffer from periodontal disease and some dental mobility.
The most significant complication in modern orthodontics is the loss of support.
The presence of these problems, thus, became an impetus for the search for new ways to solve them.
Difference with implants
Microimplants in orthodontics, in contrast to simple implants used in dental prosthetics, are smaller and thinner.
The installation procedure in the bone is simpler.
Mini-screws may be used immediately after implantation.
Microimplants are indispensable as auxiliary components.
It is forbidden to install removable long structures on them.
How are mini implants used in orthodontics?
Prosthetics
In orthopedics, mini implants are widely used.
They are used to stabilize a removable complete structure if there are no teeth at all or there is obvious atrophy of bone tissue in humans.
The use of microimplants easily solves this problem.
If mini implants with special attachments are used, they can provide a good fixation of the structure.
Microimplants on the lower jaw, characterized by sufficient density in the anterior section, are installed in the amount of four pieces.
The number of microimplants in the upper jaw can reach six, since the maxillary sinus is close and the bone tissue is excessively loose.
After installation, special fasteners are built into the removable structure to ensure its stability and stability.
Microimplants in the field of orthodontics
Why are microimplants installed in orthodontics?
They are widely used when aligning teeth and correcting bite. Mini implants in combination with bracket systems allow you to accelerate the healing process and achieve results.
In conjunction with mini-screws, orthodontic designs contribute to a better movement of the teeth to their normal position.
Advantages
Microimplants in orthodontics have a number of advantages compared to implants:
- excellent resistance to power load;
- ease of implantation of structures;
- Minimizing inflammation during installation.
Installation Features
How is the installation of an orthodontic microimplant?
The mini-screw is installed painlessly and simply.
After the necessary gum section has been treated with a “freezing gel”, local anesthesia is performed in small doses.
The gingival mucosa is pierced.
A microimplant is inserted into the bone tissue by screwing.
After the procedure is completed, the patient feels pressure for some time.
When the microimplant is implanted, a head is visible above the gum, which will act as a support during dental movement.
When using the microscrew, special tools are used: elastic threads, dental chains and springs.
All stages of orthodontic microimplant placement must be strictly observed.
Often this happens, the root of the adjacent tooth is touched by a mini-screw. This can be avoided by radiography before implantation of the structure.
If the tooth root and microimplant come into contact, the orthodontist will change the direction of the mini-screw, and a small root injury without complications and easily heals.
Excessive chewing load may result in loss of stability and strength of the microimplant. The occurrence of mobility can also occur due to the structural features of the bone tissue.
Indications for installation and contraindications
Microimplants are installed in the following cases:
- defects in the process of dental eruption due to the patient's lack of an antagonist tooth;
- strong crowding of the teeth, especially the anterior ones;
- divergence of teeth in the form of a fan;
- deep bite and other cases of malocclusion.
Like any medical intervention, the installation of microimplants has a number of contraindications. These include:
- diabetes mellitus prevents the implantation of structures;
- inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gum tissue and oral cavity, especially in the area of implantation of the implant; when the inflammation happened after the installation of the mini-screw, especially anti-inflammatory therapy and antiseptic actions are carried out;
- defects in the functioning of the endocrine system;
- weak immune system.
In smokers, the healing process of bone tissue slows down sharply, which negatively affects therapy.
Service period
Orthodontic microimplants are installed for the duration of the treatment.
Since mini-screws are made from a material that is biologically compatible with bone tissue, its stay in the jaw bone is not dangerous for the patient.
An orthodontic microimplant is made from the same material as dental implants.
Alternative methods
It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that before installing orthodontic implants it is very important to verify the competence of the orthodontist.
The doctor, having implanted mini-screws, is fully responsible for the correct installation and the consequences of his actions.
That is why, before choosing a specialist and clinic, you should familiarize yourself with the reviews of patients who have already established such designs, and learn more about the experience of the doctor who will conduct the implantation.
A rash decision is to refuse to install orthodontic mini-screws.
If microimplants are absent, then the load on the person increases, because he is forced to use complex devices and strictly follow the dental instructions.
Instead of mini-screws, the following types of structures can be used:
- complex facial arch ;
- rubber intermaxillary traction used to create the correct connection between the jaws;
- alternatively, one or more teeth may be removed.
Reviews of microimplants in orthodontics
Patients respond well to the installation of microimplants.
So, for example, if you need to pull back the “sixes” and “sevens” and free up, a place in front, such designs are indispensable. For this, microimplants are placed on the lower jaw. Before the procedure with mini-screws they do anesthesia, so that everything goes smoothly. After implantation, the jaw may slightly ache, but painkillers are usually not needed. As a result, patients become accustomed to the severity of braces and microimplants and no longer notice them.
Microimplants also help with a distal bite. In order for the teeth to quickly go back and the gap between them be closed, microimplants are implanted in the upper jaw. The installation is painless, because anesthesia is done before the procedure. It is felt, according to reviews, only the screwing into the gum itself.
There are also negative reviews about the installation of implants. This is due to the fact that after several days of socks they can become loose, and then you have to remove them. That is why it is important to make sure that the doctor has the appropriate experience and to get acquainted with the patient reviews.