More and more often, our modern woman takes on her fragile shoulders a burden that, in ordinary cases, the family must fulfill together: the woman brings up the child alone. Simply put, she becomes a single mother and, most often, consciously, seriously considering this decision. That's about them, about modern mothers, who alone raise their children, and we will talk.
Among the people, a woman raising her child alone is called a single mother. Legally, not every one of them can have such a status. So can be called a woman who:
- gave birth to a child out of wedlock or not less than 10 months after the dissolution of the marriage;
- did not establish the paternity of the child voluntarily or judicially;
- married (or was previously) to a person who challenged paternity, and by the decision of the court, is not the father of the child;
- not married, but adopted a child.
For example, a woman who, after the death of her husband, actually raises her child alone, does not have such a status and does not receive any benefits.
What are the benefits for single mothers?
Our state gives them special benefits. Of course, they, like all women - mothers, receive benefits and compensation, namely: a lump-sum allowance to those who are on medical records up to twelve weeks of pregnancy; maternity benefits; one-time payments at the birth of a child; payments for child care up to one and a half years (monthly); monthly child allowance.
But the size of these benefits differs significantly from the size of payments to ordinary mothers. Sometimes, in various regions of the Russian Federation, additional benefits exist to support women with the status of single mothers.
For example, in Moscow, single mothers are still paid monthly compensation: for reimbursement of expenses associated with an increase in the cost of living and an increase in the cost of food for a child up to 3 years. Material assistance is allocated, benefits are guaranteed for single mothers raising children under 3 years old.
If the mother works, and information about the father of the child is not included in the birth certificate of the baby, then she has the right to double the standard tax deduction. Such a deduction may be granted to a parent, one raising a child, or to a foster parent, guardian, guardian.
Single mother has special benefits:
- The allowance for a child up to one and a half years in a larger amount, regardless of the level of the mother’s financial situation and her living conditions.
- Annual additional financial assistance to single mothers.
- She cannot be dismissed at the initiative of the administration if the child is not 14 years old at the time of dismissal, unless the organization is liquidated, or when dismissal with further compulsory employment is allowed. Single mothers will be sure to be employed if dismissal occurs due to the end of an employment contract or contract. In this case, the average wage is paid, but not more than 3 months from the date of dismissal.
- A single mother receives one hundred percent payment for sick leave issued for the care of a sick child under the age of 14 for a significantly longer period than all other women.
- Every year she has the right to additional leave, which can be attached to the main, or a separate two-week leave at a time convenient for a woman without saving her salary.
- An employer is forbidden to unreasonably refuse such a woman to be hired, as well as to lower her salary for reasons related to her children. In case of refusal, the employer must inform the single mother of the reason in writing. An employee who has the status of a single mother in this case may apply to the judiciary.
- For such mothers, the right to housing is provided in the first place.
- A woman raising her child alone has the primary right to place him in full state support in a child care institution.
- Her child who has reached school age, by decision of the administration, can receive unpaid meals at school and use school books for free.
- Such children, in order of priority, are issued annually free tickets to health camps and sanatoriums.
- There are privileges for single mothers and for the free receipt of certain drugs (in accordance with the list), and for some expensive discounts of up to 50% are provided.
- Minor children of single mothers can use the massage room, if available at the clinic.
- Mothers raising their children lonely can participate in sales of children's things that take place in territorial departments.
According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, “labor” benefits for single mothers are also provided. For example, the sizes of benefits for caring for a sick child differ, compulsory employment is guaranteed upon termination of the employment contract, upon liquidation of the organization, four additional paid days off are provided monthly.
The Tax Code refers to a single mother as a single woman. And if such a mother gets married, she automatically loses tax benefits: a double tax deduction from the amount earned. A mother who raises children alone has the right to use this benefit until the child reaches adulthood.
Only the Housing Code of the Russian Federation does not provide benefits to single mothers. A single woman has the same rights as a complete family. The only thing is that such a mother has the right to housing in the first place, if she really needs to improve her living conditions.