Trucks "Ural" is a technique of more than three hundred models and modifications for many industries and agriculture. And the Ural chassis with a high level of cross-country ability is used for 180 types of special equipment.
History of creation
The first domestic diesel truck "Ural-4320" was produced at the Ural Automobile Plant in 1977. At its base in late 1983, began to produce a new model - "Ural-5557".
In early 1982, the USSR Food Program was adopted. It included many material, technical, economic, social and organizational measures that were aimed at solving the food problem in the country.
New heavy-duty dump trucks were designed to perform transport and technological functions in an agricultural production environment.
Car device
Ural-5557 was created primarily for agriculture. The chassis with the usual standard three-seater cabin without a berth was originally equipped with a dumping platform with an area of 10.5 square meters. m and a maximum volume of 17.5 cubic meters. m, and then they began to mount special equipment on it.
The tipper metal platform is attached to the subframe using quick couplers.
The dump truck platform was a new constructive solution for that time. The unloading process could occur on the right and left sides. The sides when lifting the platform reclined automatically, and the load did not fall under the wheels when unloading. The sides were closed with the help of hydraulic cylinders, which were controlled by the driver from the cab. The platform was completed with a visor and extension sides, which automatically opened and closed. Extension boards were designed to make full use of the capacity of the dump truck, if it was necessary to transport agricultural products with a low specific gravity. The jack peak reduced the load loss during unloading.
For increased cross-country ability combined with 36 cm ground clearance and all driving wheels, wheels with a low and wide rubber profile were installed on the chassis. A feature of this car was the centralized adjustment of tire pressure in the range from 1 to 3.5 atmosphere. “Ural-5557” can move on impassable roads, snow, ice, mud and marshy terrain, overcome water barriers, the depth of which reaches 0.7 m. The maximum elevation angle on rough terrain is 40 °.
Platform management system
The tipper vehicle platform and trailer are controlled using a complex hydraulic system. It includes a three-stage telescopic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder that lifts the sides, a tank into which 46 liters of working fluid can be poured, a distribution unit that controls the lifting of the platform, and hydraulic outputs for controlling the trailer.
The overturning platform during side unloading can tilt to the right and left by 45 degrees.
Managing both the platform and the trailer from the cab is one of the features that distinguish the Ural-5557 car.
Specifications
The dump truck was so well designed that it can move at a speed of 2 km / h next to the combine during harvesting and reach a maximum speed of 75 km / h with full load up to 18 tons (in the back - 7 and in the trailer - 11.5 tons ) and its own distributed mass of 4.3 tons per front axle and 12 tons per rear bogie. When the speed of a heavy truck reaches 40 km / h, the stopping distance is a little over 17 meters. Pneumo-hydraulic dual-circuit brake system is designed for separate braking of the front and rear axles.
A turbocharged six-cylinder diesel engine YaMZ-236NE2 or YaMZ-236M2 with a capacity of 230 liters is installed on the car. from. and 240 hp respectively.
Double-clutch transmission, a five-speed manual gearbox with a gear ratio of 7.32, a two-speed transfer case and a unified double main gear in the axle design, front and rear suspensions - dependent spring with shock absorbers - allow you to install many technological equipment options on the chassis.
The advantages of the car "Ural-5557"
The technical characteristics of the heavy truck made it possible, with minor modifications, to assemble on its basis not only dumping, but also truck-mounted vehicles, tankers and tankers, shift buses and repair shops, units for the oil and forest industries, and road construction. The former agricultural dump truck has become a multi-purpose universal vehicle.
New modifications retain all the advantages of the original model:
- high passability without a large destructive effect on the soil due to wide-profile tires with a centralized air regulation system;
- high traction in difficult field and road conditions;
- unification of units and assemblies, which allows to reduce the costs of production, operation and maintenance;
- operation in the temperature range from -45 ° to +45 ° .
Another advantage is the generator circuit: the Ural-5557 car is equipped with an alternator with a built-in rectifier unit and a non-contact voltage regulator, which has stable characteristics and a long service life.
Major modifications
For more than thirty years of operation, in addition to the base model, Ural-5557 cars were produced in various versions. This is the basic chassis "5557-1151-40", on which various equipment is installed, and a car with a two-door cab with a berth "55571-1551-44", and an all-terrain vehicle with a comfortable large-volume cab and a sprung seat with modification numbers 1-48 , 58 and 59.
Plant specialists continue to work on the Ural-5557 car.
Technical characteristics of cars with indices 60, 70 and 80 and new YaMZ-536, YaMZ-65654 and YaMZ-353622 engines are passed according to the modern Euro-4 standard.
The KS-55713-3K truck crane mounted on the base chassis has become a classic.
For the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, an armored special vehicle “Federal-42590” was created on the chassis “5557-1”. It has powerful engines, is characterized by increased cross-country ability and high carrying capacity. This special car withstands blasting up to 6 kg in TNT equivalent.
Tipper modifications
Tippers of various modifications can work with trailers that have pneumatic and electrical outputs, pneumatic brake system drive , gross weight up to 11.5 tons, equipped with leads for connecting to the chassis hydraulic system. The main trailer for which the tractor is Ural-5557 is the GKB-8551 two-axle trailer with a hydraulic tipping mechanism connected to the tractor’s hydraulic system.
The basic modification “Ural-5557-40” has a two-door cab and a body platform, which can be unloaded on three sides. The Ural, with its sides set up, is capable of transporting up to 12 tons of cargo protected by an awning, which is very important for grain carriers.
Modification "55571-40" is a car with a berth, a dumping platform of which only with rear unloading. The mining dump truck with a loading capacity of 10 t is intended for work on building sites and procurement. It carries sand, gravel, soil, construction waste.
Modification "55571-41" is characterized by a larger cabin with four doors.
Car-based fire engines
The performance characteristics of Ural 5557 fire trucks with a gross weight of up to 17.5 tons make it possible to approach the place of ignition even on complete off-road conditions, developing speeds when traveling up to 80 km / h.
On the chassis "557-1151-40" a diagnostic vehicle was created for fire departments.
A tanker of the -5,5-40 or -6-40 brand is assembled on the base chassis. This car is designed to deliver a reserve of 3,000 liters of water and foam to the place of extinguishing fires and delivering them to the fire, evacuating people, conducting and lighting emergency rescue operations, dismantling debris using a crane.
A fire pumping station is installed at 5557-1151-70, which delivers a combat crew of three to the place of ignition, fire technical equipment, supplies water and foam. The pump compartment with two pumps, each of which is equipped with its own main engine of the same type, has a separate fuel tank with a capacity of 210 l and is heated by an autonomous diesel heater. A 320 m long fire hose can be placed in the compartment for fire-technical weapons.
The Ural-5557 car, whose performance does not get worse over the years, and today, despite its venerable age, it is deservedly a classic of the Ural Automobile Plant and continues its difficult service in the vastness of Russia with the proud name of “King of the Roads”.