Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow) is an excellent educational institution for young people who want to devote their lives to science entirely or to get a quality, versatile education that opens the door to a number of leading Russian and foreign companies.
University Foundation
Moscow State University was created in 1755 by M. Lomonosov and I. Shuvalov. The opening date was to be 1754, but this was not destined to happen due to repair work. The decree on the opening of the institution was signed by Empress Elizabeth herself in the winter of that year. In honor of this event, Tatyana's Day is celebrated every year at the university. In the spring, the first lectures began to be read. Ivan Shuvalov became the curator of the university, and Alexey Argamakov became the director. The most interesting thing is that Mikhail Lomonosov was not mentioned in any official document or in any speech dedicated to the opening. Historians attribute this to the fact that Ivan Shuvalov appropriated the idea of creating Moscow State University and the glory from it, and also introduced a number of provisions into his work that were vigorously disputed by Lomonosov himself and other progressive scientists. This is just an assumption, for which there is no evidence. Some historians believe that Lomonosov only carried out the instructions of Shuvalov.
Control
Lomonosov Moscow State University was subordinate to the Government Senate. University professors were subordinate only to the university court, which was headed by the director and curator. The duties of the curator included full management of the institution, the appointment of teachers, approval of the curriculum, etc. The director was elected from outsiders and carried out control activities. His responsibilities also included providing the material side of the issue and establishing correspondence with famous scientists and other educational institutions. In order for the director’s decision to get full force, it had to be approved by the curator. Under the director, the Conference of Professors worked, which consisted of 3 professors and 3 assessors.
XVIII century
In the XVIII century, Lomonosov Moscow University (Moscow State University) could offer students three faculties: philosophy, medicine and law. In 1779, Mikhail Kheraskov created a university noble guesthouse, which became a gymnasium in 1930. The founder of the university press is Nikolai Novikov (1780). The newspaper Moskovskiye Vedomosti, which was the most popular in the entire Russian Empire, was published here. Soon, the first scientific communities began to form at the university.
XIX century
Since 1804, the management of the university passed into the hands of the Council and the rector, who was personally approved by the emperor. The council consisted of the best professors. Rector’s re-election took place every year by secret ballot. In the same way, deans were elected. The first rector to be chosen according to such a system was H. Chebotaryov. The Council dealt with issues of the curriculum, student knowledge testing and the appointment of teachers in the gymnasium and school. Each month, meetings were held at Lomonosov Moscow State University devoted to new scientific discoveries and experiments. The executive body was the Board, consisting of the rector and deans. Communication between university managers and authorities was carried out with the help of a trustee. At this time, the faculties at Lomonosov Moscow State University underwent some changes: they were divided into 4 branches of science (political, verbal, physical and mathematical, and medical).
XX century
In 1911 there was a scandal - the Casso affair. As a result, about 30 professors and 130 teachers leave the university for 6 years. The department of physics and mathematics suffered most from this, which, after P. Lebedev left, froze in development for 15 years. In 1949, construction began on a new building on the Sparrow Hills, which in the future will become the main building of the university. In 1992, the famous mathematician V. Sadovnichy was elected rector of the university.
Studying proccess
Want to know what they are teaching at Lomonosov Moscow State University? In 2011, all Russian universities had to switch to a two-level system of education, which is prescribed by the Bologna Convention. Despite this, Moscow State University continues to educate students on an integrated 6-year program. University rector Viktor Sadovnichy said the school is preparing future specialists according to its own standards. He emphasized that they will be one level above the state. For students, two forms of training are possible - specialty and master's degree. Training for a specialist will last 6 years, and undergraduate studies will remain only in some faculties. Analysts in the field of education have different points of view on such a decision of the university: someone approves of it, someone is in no hurry to draw conclusions.
Structure
Today, the university consists of more than 600 buildings with a total area of approximately 1 million m². Only in the capital of Russia the territory of the university occupies about 200 hectares. It is known that the Moscow government allocated an area of 120 hectares for new buildings of the university, which has been actively working since 2003. The territory was received in free rent. Construction is largely due to the assistance of Inteko CJSC. The company built up part of the allotted territory with two residential areas and a parking zone. The university has a share of 30% of the living space and 15% of the parking. Also, the territory is planned to be built up with four buildings surrounding the fundamental library. All this will be a small town, which will house the laboratory and research buildings and the stadium.
In 2005, a fundamental library was built. In the fall of 2007, the mayor of the city, Yu. Luzhkov, and the rector of Moscow State University inaugurated two important objects: the first academic building of Moscow State University, which houses three faculties (state administration, historical and philosophical) and a system of 5 buildings for the medical center (clinic, hospital, diagnostic and analytical centers and educational building). In the winter of 2009, the inauguration of the 3rd humanitarian building took place, in which it was planned to accommodate the Faculty of Economics. A year later, the 4th building was opened, which was occupied by the Faculty of Law. Under Lomonosov Avenue, an underground pedestrian crossing was created, which connected the new and old territories.
In 2011, the first academic building located in the new territory was called “Shuvalovsky”, and another building under construction will be called “Lomonosovsky”. The university has branches even outside the country, in the most remote corners: in Astana, Dushanbe, Baku, Yerevan, Tashkent and Sevastopol.
Scientific life
Lomonosov State University (MSU) is famous for its talented scientists who regularly publish interesting works and studies. In the spring of 2017, biologists at Moscow State University published a report in which they proved the relationship between renal failure and "irregular" mitochondria. The results of the experiments were published in the scientific journal Scientific Reports. A new method has been created to help assess the state of the environment. The university is famous not only for famous scientists who have already created a name for themselves, but also for young talents. Many of them became laureates of the Moscow Government Prize in 2017.
Faculties
Lomonosov Moscow State University offers students a choice of a large number of areas of education. In total there are about 30 faculties. On the basis of the university, the Moscow School of Economics, the Higher School of Business, the faculty of military training, the Higher School of Translation, etc. operate. There is also a university gymnasium that accepts orphans. What interesting things can we learn about Lomonosov Moscow State University? The Faculty of Physics is considered one of the most progressive, and for good reason. He is considered the best place to study physics in all of Russia, because studies are being carried out here that receive worldwide publicity. Leading teachers are scientists who are known for their discoveries and ideas even abroad. This faculty was created in 1933, and then it was called the department of experimental and theoretical physics. Scientists such as S. Vavilov, N. Bogolyubov, A. Tikhonov taught here. Out of 10 Russian Nobel Prize winners, 7 studied and worked in this faculty: A. Prokhorov, P. Kapitsa, I. Frank, V. Ginzburg, L. Landau, A. Abrikosov and I. Tamm.
Summarizing this review article, I want to say that Moscow State University. Lomonosov is one of the best universities in the Russian Federation, if not the best. Each applicant should make a choice on their own, because training here opens up a lot of opportunities. The popularity of this educational institution is unlikely to ever fall, because even in branches there are almost never shortages.