To maintain order in society and its proper functioning, it is necessary to introduce certain elements of control by the leadership. The combination of all elements forms a system of social management.
The social management system is a conscious, organized and constant interaction of the subject and the object of the management process. Such regulation is carried out with the aim of streamlining and further development.
Society regulation
Social management is one of the most important types of leadership and regulation. With its help, the state achieves the following goals:
- the implementation of the needs necessary for the development of society and its elements;
- the formation of the highest priority indicators of development of the considered society;
- development and implementation of ways to solve problems that arise when reaching a plan for the development of social processes and relationships between members of society.
Thus, the main goal of managing the social system is to ensure the development of society and maintain a given positive trend.
Directions
Social development management can be divided into three areas:
- management of socio-economic systems - ensuring social control over the implementation of management programs, creating motivation for economic activity of people, as well as regulating human behavior in the field of economic relations;
- management of political processes of a society - determination of a leading political strategy and development of a plan for its implementation;
- management of the processes of the spiritual sphere of society - education and upbringing, development of ways to actively attract future generations to public life.
The subject of social leadership
The company’s management system is implemented by regulating relations between its members. It is carried out in accordance with the main tasks of the development of society.
One of the theoretical functions of the social sphere management system is the determination of the content of methods and means of achieving the main development goals. This task is to reduce the number of contradictions in the development and harmonization of the interests of certain groups from different communities.
The systematic regulation of the life of society is the process of bringing human activity to such a form that satisfies the basic needs of development. But such a achievement of unity occurs only with the introduction of public administration in the social management system.
Thus, the entire management system operates at various levels of action of social processes (state, community, personality).
System elements
The company management system consists of several components:
- Management Methods. This is control, analysis, planning, accounting, stimulation.
- Means of exposure. These are incentives, sanctions, management decisions, orders, norms, production tasks.
- Structures - the internal organization of the system of the community in question.
The core of the social organization’s management system are employees in various positions: managers, specialists and workers. Their goal of activity is the most complete use of all the capabilities of the management structure to solve problems related to social processes.
System objects
In the considered scheme of the social development management system, society is both a subject and an object of management at the same time. Therefore, the subject and the object must be considered as two components in constant dependence. Let's describe it easier. The subject in the form of a control mechanism is part of an object - a managed element. In mutual connection are also its shape and size. Thus, the way the management system functions is established by the characteristics of the object itself.
Three types of system objects can be distinguished:
- Production, which includes all the elements of the organization of production processes.
- Structural, which are elements of the control structure.
- Functional, established by a special control mechanism as functions.
Based on this, the object can be called all the activities of people that enter the social environment either as an element of the social management system, or as a special function with a special management mechanism.
Objects are formed by highlighting them as the main elements of the social structure within the organization in question. For example, such an element is an economic enterprise, from which begins the counting of levels in the macro-system of financial management, as well as in the micro-system within the company itself. One enterprise can be called the basis for the formation of objects of any scale - from the industry to the state.
The selection of production facilities is fundamental for creating a structure in a control system, each element of which also becomes a control object within the mechanism under consideration. All of them are divided into subgroups according to the functions performed and the necessary labor costs. The formation and modernization of each of the management objects is necessary to improve the work of the entire management system of the company.
Of great importance in the process of development of objects are financial, technological, organizational and socio-psychological factors. They are all interconnected.
The development of facilities is also determined by the forms of coordination of the branch and general territorial organization, levels of centralization of management. The formation of objects, in turn, affects their internal structure, position in social and economic systems, general status and scale.
Control mechanism
The solution of problems in the field of social development and the implementation of strategic policy require the formation of a single mechanism for managing the development of socio-economic systems. It should become a form of use and implementation of existing laws and obligations. The management system is created and modernized by people who streamline the methodology, properties, forms and levers of influence on society. This is necessary in order to achieve high efficiency of society in the current historical and cultural conditions.
The quality of a specific management mechanism, its objective assessment and compliance with the requirements of laws depend on the qualifications of members of the management. They should be able to identify priority elements and relationships of the leadership structure, signs of their manifestation and possible consequences in the development of current trends.
The management structure consists of such important elements as general principles, goals, methodology and functions. A complex, multi-component system in the form of society requires that its regulation process provide continuous interaction of all its participants and solve existing problems and problems.
Based on this, the management structure of society and public relations is a combination of techniques and methods of influence. Their interconnection provides society with the opportunity of the most effective continuous development and modernization.
System upgrade
For the proper functioning of any social structure, it is necessary to constantly improve the management system that excludes red tape and formalism. They tend to slow down this process.
The development of a plan for the modernization of the social process management system begins with the collection of available information. With its help, you can make a justification for the goal, objectives and methods for their implementation.
Today, production management lacks social information. As a rule, management pays more attention to technical and economic information. Employees have an idea about the technical characteristics of the company, about economic indicators. And in the organizational culture and in the factors of the mechanism of labor behavior, they understand much worse. An effective method of managing an organization requires knowledge in both areas of work.
Great importance should be given to trends - priority areas in the development of any processes, the prevalence of a certain point of view in the opinion of community members.
At the end of the 20th century, the economy made a sharp transition from planned to market, and the social structure - from totalitarian to democratic. In this regard, the modern system of management of socio-economic processes requires reorganization. A radical reorientation of the activities of management bodies in accordance with internationally accepted standards is necessary. Economic criteria should act as resource opportunities or factors limiting the implementation of certain projects. They should not be considered as the only goal. This was relevant during the planned economy, when priority was set on gross output, and not on its quality.
Based on social information, it is also possible to carry out the following functions:
- forecasting the situation;
- activity planning;
- organization of management objects;
- regulation to maintain and modernize the management system;
- impact on the consciousness and behavior of people.
The modernization of the management of the development of socio-economic systems ends with taking into account and monitoring the compliance of these results and the strategy drawn up at the first planning stage.
Means of influence
Functions are carried out using a management decision - a way of organized impact on the control object. Such solutions are classified by the following properties:
- structure of the object: republican, regional, city;
- subject structure: collective, public, collegial;
- the nature of the impact: social, managerial, economic.
The content of the process of compiling and implementing management decisions depends on the social specifics. To make any managerial decision, it is necessary to establish the main problem and the ways to solve it. One of the methods for finding the right solution can be called a “brain attack” - a discussion between all participants in the process.
After finding ways to resolve the problem, the implementation of the plan is organized using economic or administrative regulations. The regulation is a set of rules and laws that determine the activities of government institutions at different levels.
The process of public administration in the system of social management is continuous. After the implementation of the developed measures, new information is collected on the specifics of the same object. At the same time, the collected information should reflect its other parties not previously affected.
Socio-psychological methods
An important place in the social protection management system is occupied by the development of socio-psychological ways of influencing relations in society. The peculiarity of these methods lies in the concentration of attention on the object of informal relations. With their help, you can manage the needs and interests of individual groups of people.
Socio-psychological methods of control are carried out using the following processes:
- The choice of employees of the organization, taking into account their mutual compatibility. This creates the conditions for the effective development of teams and, as a consequence, the entire organization.
- Setting social norms in a team based on preserving the traditions of previous generations.
- Implementation of social regulation through contracting.
- Creating motivation for employees to more efficient activities, achieve the goals of the company and high results in work.
- Assistance in meeting the basic needs of employees through the organization of leisure and non-productive activities.
Thus, the social system of personnel management is the use of psychological methods. Nevertheless, such an organization of activity is no less effective than the application of economic or administrative methods of influence.
Self management
The employee’s social self-determination is highly dependent on how active he is in the processes important to the company. Therefore, the introduction of self-government is an important condition for the success of any organization.
The main element of self-government is the formation of the collective structure - the election of managers of certain posts, the possibility of promotion on the career ladder. Public organizations are of great importance in this process.
In addition, employees can be given the opportunity to participate in solving organizational issues that directly affect the interests of the team. For example, in the process of organizing labor, time, or technological discipline. At the same time, all employees of the organization should be involved to one degree or another in the process of self-government.
The essence of self-government can be realized through all of the above functions of the social management system. An example is the participation of company employees in solving some organizational issues, activity in making other important decisions concerning the enterprise.
Social work
Management in social work is a flexible system of social management aimed at regulating social status and relations between its representatives. With its help, it is possible to ensure the development of members of society as subjects of all types of social relationships.
The social work management system is made up of the subject and the management object, as well as the relationships between them.
The objects of management in public work are employees of social protection services, social workers, as well as the whole set of relationships between people in the process of providing assistance to society. The subjects are the social protection management bodies with all the organizations and institutions that are part of it.
Thus, the social management system is an important element of public relations. With its help, the constant development of communities, the successful resolution of existing problems, the regulation of the most important processes, as well as the efficient distribution of available resources are ensured.