Kuznetsov Naval Academy in St. Petersburg is the oldest secular university in our country. In recent years, the number of people who want to become cadets of this prestigious higher educational institution has increased significantly. The history of the Naval Academy of St. Petersburg, the rules of admission and educational programs is devoted to this article.
WMA them. Kuznetsova: how it all began
VUNTS Navy "Naval Academy" - the heiress of the famous Moscow Navigation School, established by the Highest Decree of the Tsar-Reformer Peter the Great in 1701. In 1715, her senior classes were transferred to St. Petersburg, where the Maritime Academy was created on their basis.
An important milestone in the history of the university is the establishment of the Officer Class at the Naval Cadet Corps on the orders of Emperor Nicholas I, which marked the beginning of the academic naval education in the Russian Empire. In 1862, it was transformed into the Academic Course in Marine Sciences by decision of Alexander the Second.
In 1907, a special building was built in St. Petersburg with classrooms and laboratories, where the academy was transferred.
Pre-revolutionary history of the first maritime university of Russia
In 1910, the Naval Academy, known as Nikolaev, became an independent scientific and educational institution. The post of head of the university in the rank of vice admiral, who was directly subordinate to the Minister of the Sea, was also established. At that time, there were 4 faculties in the academy or, as they were then called, departments:
- naval;
- mechanical;
- hydrographic;
- shipbuilding.
In the early years of World War I, training at the Naval Academy was not conducted. The next set took place only in 1916.
History of the Academy in the Soviet period
Since 1919, classes at the university were resumed in full, and in 1931 he was named after K. Voroshilov.
During the Second World War, the Academy was relocated to Astrakhan and Samarkand and returned to Leningrad only in 1944. Then she was awarded the Order of Lenin for merit in training personnel for the fleet and the heroism of graduates.
After the war, on the basis of artillery, hydrographic, mine torpedo, shipbuilding and the Faculty of Communications of the Naval Academy. K. Voroshilova was created by the Moscow Aviation Administration. The Naval Academy of Shipbuilding and Arms occupied the building on the embankment of Bolshaya Nevka, and it was named after Academician A. Krylov.
However, in 1960, in connection with the reduction in the number of the Armed Forces of the USSR, VMA them. K. Voroshilova was merged with several other educational institutions of the same profile. The new university became known as the Naval Academy of the Order of Lenin, and in 1968 he was awarded the Order of Ushakov of the First Degree.
In 1990, the next renaming of the Academy took place. Since that time, she began to bear the name of N. Kuznetsov.
How the university developed after the collapse of the USSR
In 2008, in accordance with the presidential order on the formation of a promising network of military universities, a federal state military educational institution “Naval Academy named after Admiral N. Kuznetsov. " It was the result of the reorganization of GOU VMA them. N. Kuznetsova by joining him such educational institutions as:
- Baltic Military Medical University named after Admiral F. Ushakov, stationed in Kaliningrad.
- Petersburg Naval Engineering Institute.
- VMI radio electronics named. A. Popova.
- Pacific Navy named after S. Makarova (Vladivostok).
- Marine Corps of Peter the Great, etc.
Branches
In 2009, branches of the Kuznetsov Naval Academy were established in the cities of Vladivostok and Kaliningrad, as well as three in St. Petersburg. In addition, since 2012, specialized training centers for submariners in the cities of Obninsk and Sosnovy Bor (located in the Kaluga and Leningrad regions) have been operating as its structural divisions.
Each of the training units of the Naval Academy of Russia has made a significant contribution to strengthening the combat power and defense capability of our country. All of them have their own history and keep a long tradition.
Admission Rules
The procedure for admission to the Naval Academy (St. Petersburg), including its branches, is a complex of various events for the selection of candidates for training as cadets that meet the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the order of admission to Russian universities.
In order to enroll the most capable and trained young people, a competition is held based on the results of entrance examinations.
The number of candidates who can be enrolled by cadets for the first courses in each specialty is determined annually by the GPMU of the General Staff in coordination with the GUK of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
Requirements for applicants depending on the program of study
Candidates for admission to institutes, including branches of the Navy Military Research Center, are Russians who meet the requirements for citizens who enter military service on a contract basis, having a secondary general education, and belong to one of the following age groups:
- from 16 to 22 years (for persons who have not completed military service);
- younger than 24 years (for those on military service on conscription);
- younger than 27 years old (for non-commissioned military personnel).
Applicants for secondary VSP programs are Russian citizens under 30 years of age with a secondary school diploma.
Preliminary selection of candidates for admission to the Naval Academy of St. Petersburg named after Kuznetsova
For admission to the competition, applicants are checked for compliance with the following criteria:
- the level of education;
- the presence of citizenship of the Russian Federation;
- age;
- level of physical fitness;
- health status;
- professional suitability.
Learning programs
The St. Petersburg Naval Academy organizes training in accordance with the standards of higher education in the following areas:
- Technique and technology of shipbuilding.
- Military management.
- Electronics and radio engineering.
The term of study is 5 years. Upon graduation, cadets (with the exception of the direction “Military Administration”) are assigned the specialty of engineer.
In addition, training is carried out there on secondary vocational education programs in the following areas:
- Management in technical systems.
- Technique and technology of shipbuilding.
- Informatics and computer engineering.
- Operation of ship power plants.
- Nuclear power and technology.
- Electronics and radio engineering.
The term of study is 34 months. At the end of the educational institution, cadets are awarded the title of technician with the corresponding specialization.
Naval Academy: Faculties
The main units of the BMA them. Kuznetsov at the moment are:
- Command and staff faculty. It was created in 1896. At the moment, he is preparing officers for naval formations in several specialties. All current leaders of the Russian Navy are graduates of this faculty.
- Faculty of Engineering. The subjects are taught such as physics, geodesy, meteorology, hydrography, theory of shipbuilding, organization of technical support for ships and ship repair, optics, radio engineering, lighthouse lighting system, etc.
- Faculty of advanced training and retraining.
Research activities of the Kuznetsov Naval Academy
The university has great scientific potential to solve any issues related to building up the power of the Russian Navy.
Among the most significant results in this area are draft statutory and other major documents, the development of theoretical foundations for the use of forces and means as part of force groups consisting of several types of troops, the scientific justification for the development of certain types of military equipment and weapons of the navy , as well as all types of collateral.
In addition, the university’s specialists participated in the creation of all the latest submarines of the Russian Navy, including the Yasen and Borey submarines, as well as surface ships, weapon systems and modern weapons, including the Bulava, Caliber, and others.
All this multifaceted activity is carried out in close cooperation with enterprises and organizations of the military industrial complex, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and other organizations.
University teaching staff
Navy officers who have an academic background and practical experience of service on ships and at headquarters at various levels are appointed as teachers of the Naval Academy. Among them there are many teachers with academic ranks and degrees, including in the field of natural and technical sciences.
A feature of the educational process in this educational institution is the large-scale introduction of e-learning. Particularly noteworthy are the efforts of the scientific and pedagogical staff of the university aimed at creating the most modern educational environment, as well as the use of the latest information technologies.
Now you know when the Naval Academy was founded and what educational activities. The importance of this university for the Russian Navy can hardly be overestimated, so it remains to be hoped that in the future it will be able to reach even greater heights in the training of highly qualified command and scientific personnel.