Cystitis, or inflammation of the bladder membrane, is a common female disease that every second woman experiences. Due to the structural features of the body, it is quite easy to get sick, but in order to cure, it takes a lot of effort. In addition, this ailment has a lot of unpleasant consequences, therefore, the sooner treatment is started, the better. You can read about the symptoms and causes of cystitis in women, the treatment of the disease in this article.
Cystitis - what is it?
What is cystitis? This is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder. It’s easy to understand that cystitis has started: patients feel acute pain when urinating in the lower abdomen. The disease is rather unpleasant and causes a lot of pain, so they try to recover from it quickly. Treatment with cystitis drugs in women requires consultation with a specialist. Sometimes clots of bile or blood may come out with urine. Most often, cystitis occurs in women from 20 to 45 years old, but sometimes men also get sick. It should be noted that among the representatives of the stronger sex this disease is almost always secondary, therefore, with the slightest manifestations of pain during urination, you must immediately consult a doctor.
According to the World Health Organization, almost every woman at least once had to deal with this unpleasant ailment. Why is this happening? This is explained by the structural features of the female body. The urethra (urethra) in women is designed in such a way that bacteria and infections easily enter it. The slightest cooling or lack of hygiene can result in a long and expensive treatment. In most cases, cystitis is infectious, i.e., provoked by microorganisms. In most cases, the "culprit" is E. coli and staphylococcus. Why do women develop cystitis?
Why does cystitis appear?
Many factors can provoke this disease:
- Sometimes cystitis in women appears as a result of certain medical procedures, for example, a smear from the urethra. In this case, mechanical damage can occur, which causes a response in the form of growth of opportunistic flora.
- As a result of sexually transmitted infections, such as mycoplasmosis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, cystitis can also occur. The fact is that viruses actively affect the local flora of the urinary organs, resulting in inflammation, which then spreads to the bladder.
- In pregnant women, inflammation is often due to muscle weakness. The ureters, which transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder, expand, and pathogens freely penetrate into them. Therefore, cystitis in pregnant women is a fairly common disease.
- In men, bladder inflammation occurs due to inflammation of the prostate gland, appendages, or seminal vesicles. Those. As a rule, male cystitis is a consequence of another disease.
- Oddly enough, very often cystitis is associated with diseases of the upper respiratory tract - sinusitis and flu. Weakened immunity and viruses in the blood lead to the target being the weakest link in the body, and in women it is often the urinary system.
- Inconvenient clothes or the wrong size can also lead to the development of an unpleasant ailment. The well-known thong panties are an excellent “bridge” for bacteria, and narrow underwear or jeans of an unsuccessful size simply squeeze the bladder.
- Constipation Since the anus in women is next to the urethra, and the intestine is closely connected with the bladder, it often infects pathogenic flora.
- Non-observance of the rules of hygiene and daily change of linen.
- Low immunity.
As you can see, many factors cause acute cystitis in women. Treatment should be prescribed based on the symptoms of the disease. What complaints can be found in patients?
Symptoms of the disease
Cystitis can develop gradually or quickly, but all species have symptoms that can easily diagnose the disease:
- Pain and pain during urination are the main symptom of cystitis. Drugs for the treatment of this form are usually selected potent, because a person experiences severe discomfort.
- Itching and burning in the perineum can occur due to accumulating pathogenic organisms.
- Frequent urination suggests inflammation of the bladder.
- The pungent smell of urine.
- Fatigue, weakness and poor health.
- Low-grade fever.
- Urine discoloration: turbidity, clots.
- Feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder
- Pain in the lower abdomen or back.
- Blood in urine.
As a rule, with cystitis, all these symptoms are observed, or some of them. Therefore, a person with inflammation of the bladder should consult a doctor as soon as possible. Only in this way is it possible to avoid rather unpleasant consequences and complications.
Types of cystitis
The causes and treatment of cystitis in women depend on the form in which the disease occurs. According to the degree of cystitis, there are two forms:
In the acute period, signs of cystitis in women are expressed, and its treatment should be carried out using antibacterial agents and maintenance therapy. Acute cystitis is characterized by a general deterioration in health, severe pain and frequent visits to the toilet room. Sometimes, in advanced cases, blood can be a symptom. Treatment of chronic cystitis in women should include supportive care. The chronic form manifests itself as periods of remission and relapse. As a result, immunity is weakened, and the weakest link in the body suffers.
Several reasons provoke the development of cystitis:
- Bacterial - inflammation is due to bacteria or viruses.
- Non-bacterial - mechanical or other damage becomes the cause of cystitis.
Cystitis also varies according to changes in the structure of the affected organ:
- The diagnosis of "catarrhal cystitis" is made if the upper layers of the bladder are affected.
- Hemorrhagic - if there is blood in urine.
- A rather rare type - interstitial - occurs when a non-microbial infection occurs. Very often accompanied by a decrease in the bladder.
- Tumor-like - tumors form on the walls of the organ.
- Inlaid - salt crystals form inside the bladder that crystallize from urine. Usually this type of cystitis is accompanied by metabolic disorders.
- Ulcerative.
- Cystic.
Diagnosis of the disease
How to determine the disease? For an independent diagnosis, your own observations and feelings are enough. But before you start treatment and get an official diagnosis, you definitely need to do some research. They are necessary in order to properly prescribe the treatment of cystitis, its symptoms in women can not always 100% correctly indicate this disease. Most often, additional studies are prescribed to determine the initial stage of the disease or in the case of a chronic course. Laboratory tests for cystitis include the following tests:
- Blood test - can detect a mild inflammatory reaction. But otherwise no significant changes are observed.
- Urinalysis is the most important study that effectively identifies all diseases of the urinary system, including cystitis. Firstly, extraneous impurities in the liquid testify to this ailment. In the urine of a sick person there is an increased number of leukocytes and the presence of red blood cells.
- Urinalysis according to Nechiporenko can supplement the main studies if the doctor doubts the diagnosis.
Among instrumental diagnostic methods, cystoscopy can be distinguished. Using a special device - a cystoscope, a specialist visualizes the area of the urethra and bladder. But this method is used quite rarely due to its invasiveness and pain. Thus, for the diagnosis of “cystitis” in women, it is enough to collect the patient’s history, his complaints and make a urinalysis. Often this is enough to make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment.
Complications
Cystitis in the absence of proper treatment can be complicated and go into a chronic form. Without treatment for the causes of cystitis, women may develop other unpleasant symptoms:
- Transition of infection to other internal organs. As a result, inflammation of the kidneys or appendages may begin.
- Reduction of the bladder in size. This violation most often remains for life and causes a lot of inconvenience.
- Reflux - a condition in which the contents of the bubble spills out in the opposite direction, i.e. up the kidneys. In the absence of timely treatment, this leads to pyelonephritis.
- Abscess of the kidneys.
- Bladder breakthrough is extremely rare and is possible only in the most advanced cases.
Unfortunately, quite often, even despite proper treatment, in the first year, cystitis often returns, turning into a chronic form. Therefore, after treatment, you need to carefully monitor your body in order to continue treatment at the slightest symptoms. The faster medication is started, the more likely the patient is to have a favorable and quick recovery.
Cystitis treatment
On the Internet, citizens often seek information on the treatment of cystitis in women in 1 day, because this disease is quite unpleasant and delivers a lot of unpleasant sensations. But getting rid of him is not so easy. What drugs can quickly treat cystitis in women? Preparations of this type are mainly antibacterial:
- "Tetracycline";
- "Sumamed";
- Amoxiclav;
- Amoxicillin.
At the moment, many antibacterial therapy drugs have cystitis in their indications. Side effects in modern drugs are quite rare, and the effect of therapy appears quickly. When taking antibiotics, it is important not to forget to take probiotics to maintain the intestinal flora. Treatment of cystitis with blood in women implies more serious measures. In this case, doctors often prescribe the following medicines:
"Monural". It is relevant in the acute form of the disease. It is prescribed even without preliminary analysis, if the pain is very strong and it is obvious that there is a problem. "Monural" is a powerful uroantiseptic and effectively cures inflammatory processes in the bladder.
- "Nolicin." Cheap and effective antibiotic. It has a wide spectrum of action, so relief after taking it usually occurs quite quickly.
- “Palin” is a quinolone antibiotic. It helps if bacteria are sensitive to pipemidic acid.
- "Furamag" is used if inoculation on the sensitivity of bacteria revealed the effectiveness of furagin.
Treatment of cystitis in women with injections can also be used as first aid, especially for severe pain. Antibiotics injected into the patient intramuscularly. Thus, there is a faster effect and less effect on the intestinal flora. Among the cystitis medications for treating women, antispasmodics have a quick effect. They relieve tension in the muscles, and a person immediately begins to feel a little better. Also, experts usually prescribe medications that support the immune system.
Folk remedies and herbal remedies
Is it possible to treat cystitis in women with folk remedies? It is the kidneys that remove most of the fluid in our body. Therefore, many doctors prescribe natural drugs for treatment as maintenance therapy. Symptoms of cystitis in women, they remove quite quickly. They are usually prescribed for the uncomplicated course of the disease: when there is no severe pain and temperature. Also, herbal remedies are quite effective in the prevention of relapse of the disease. They have no side effects and are well tolerated by the body.
What are the most popular herbal remedies?
It:
- "Cyston" is a complex drug that contains about a dozen different components. It has a diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect. Good effect on local immunity.
- "Kanefron" is a well-known drug based on rosemary, lovage and centaury. Reviews about the treatment of cystitis in women with this drug suggest that it reduces the severity of pain and the likelihood of an exacerbation of a chronic disease.
- "Fitolizin" is a water-alcohol solution from which a suspension is prepared. It contains nine different essential oils, which are designed to relieve pain during urination and relieve inflammation.
- "Urolesan" - acts as a diuretic, antispasmodic and choleretic agent. The course of this drug usually lasts from 1 to 4 weeks.
And now we list the time-tested folk remedies:
- Lingonberry leaves - a long-known medicine that is famous for its antimicrobial properties. But lingonberry tincture has a number of contraindications. Decoction of the leaves can not be taken for children under 12 years old, pregnant and lactating mothers.
- Rosehip infusion. For the treatment of cystitis, both the roots and the fruits of this plant are used.
- Cornflower flowers. From it make an infusion.
- Echinacea. The recipe is: take 1 tbsp. l herbs, pour one glass of boiling water, let it brew for 3 hours. Drink half a glass twice a day - in the morning and in the evening.
- St. John's wort Combine 8 tsp of grass with 3 tsp of chamomile. Pour the resulting mass with boiling water (1 l). The infusion time is 1 hour. Then you need to strain. Drink a decoction 1 hour after a meal (half a glass).
Treatment of cystitis in women with folk remedies can be quite effective only if they are supported by antibacterial treatment. In the acute period, herbal remedies are ineffective, so specialists usually do not prescribe them.
Expert Advice
What recommendations for the treatment of cystitis in women can doctors give? Experts advise not to delay a visit to the doctor. If you recognize the disease at the initial stage, then you can do with short-term use of antibiotics. If you start the disease, then it runs the risk of becoming chronic, and simply a course of antibiotics will no longer be enough. Doctors also advise drinking as much fluid as possible, but not milk or coffee, but plain water. Alcohol during the illness should be excluded.
During treatment, the patient needs to adhere to a diet: to exclude fatty, spicy and salty, since such food only retains water in the body. There are special products for intimate hygiene that help to establish the local flora and reduce discomfort. It is better to refuse from going to the sauna or bath, since heating the problem area can only increase inflammation of the bladder. For pain in the lower abdomen, you must take any antispasmodic - "No-shpu" or "Spazmalgon." You can additionally brew an infusion of herbs as an adjuvant. But if you have been diagnosed with cystitis, then you can not do without antibiotic therapy as drugs for the treatment of cystitis in women. Symptoms of the disease usually disappear on the third to tenth day after the start of treatment.
Prevention
Like any other disease, cystitis is much easier to prevent than to treat later. Therefore, urologists recommend that preventive measures be carefully observed. These daily routines should become a habit and become an integral part of your day:
- Compliance with all the rules of genital hygiene.
- Daily change of underwear.
- Regular visits to the gynecologist (once every three months).
- Wearing suitable clothing.
- Wearing clothes made from natural fabrics.
- Proper nutrition.
- Avoiding hypothermia.
Reviews
Reviews of the treatment of cystitis in women suggest that when you consult a doctor during the first symptoms of the disease, the disease is cured quite quickly. Self-medication can lead to pyelonephritis and kidney stones. Many patients praise the drug Norfloxacin or Furadonin, which, when taken together with Kanefron, effectively remove cystitis in a week. You can do without pills if you catch the disease at the very first sign. Then, if you have a sufficiently strong immunity, you can limit yourself to the course of herbal remedies. But if after a day or two the symptoms do not go away, you need to go to the doctor.
Unfortunately, cystitis is indeed a common disease for many women. Some can not cure him for years, constantly experiencing exacerbations. , .
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Summary
The absence of stress, proper nutrition and hygiene are the most effective methods that will help prevent the development of cystitis in women. If nevertheless this trouble happened to you, then it is worth paying special attention to the correct selection of drugs and a good specialist. A visit to a urologist is mandatory if there is inflammation of the bladder. Modern drugs can effectively and quickly cure the disease, if you start using them in time.