Lack of teeth or defects in the dentition can provoke serious diseases of the digestive system and worsen a person’s well-being. But thanks to innovations that have not passed the sphere of prosthetics, it is possible to eliminate all aesthetic imperfections and functional features without any problems, avoiding health problems. Depending on the type of defect, modern dentures are removable and non-removable. In which case to choose one or another type depends on the defect.
What tasks does prosthetics solve?
Dental prosthetics is a partial or complete restoration of their functions. Speaking in a more understandable language, then lost or severely damaged teeth can be easily replaced with modern dentures, thereby returning a person to normal life.
The main task of prostheses is to return the oral cavity to normal functioning. The absence of even a small piece of tooth adversely affects the work of the entire jaw and displaces the entire dentition. Such changes lead to malocclusion, and this greatly affects the face, making it unattractive.
The absence of even one tooth can provoke a change in diction. Defects of a smile badly affect a person’s self-esteem, which leads to the development of numerous complexes.
To avoid all these inconveniences, it is better to install modern dentures. Thanks to the wide selection, you can choose any type of prosthetics.
The main types of dentures for teeth
As already mentioned, modern prosthetics allows you to restore the functionality of the dentition and get rid of discomfort. Today, orthopedics offers the following types of prostheses:
- removable;
- fixed;
- implant prosthetics.
All types of removable dentures are fixed to the gums using anatomical plates. They are recommended for installation to patients who have lost the entire dentition.
Modern dentures of a non-removable type are used if several units of the dentition are lost.
Implant prosthetics is performed using special pins that are implanted into the bone tissue. Over time, the prosthesis is integrated and fully adapted.
All removable and non-removable prostheses have their own types, therefore, in order to determine exactly and make the right choice, it is better to carefully understand their features.
Removable dentures
This design is designed to restore several or all teeth. Basically, this type is chosen by older people. The most modern removable dentures can be installed without turning and special treatment of the surviving teeth. Currently, manufacturers offer such types of removable dentures for teeth:
- plastic;
- nylon;
- clasp;
- conditionally removable.
For prosthetics, acrylic plastics are used. Its design is a curved plate with dental mock-ups firmly fixed on it. This option is currently the most popular and sought after. Among the advantages, we can especially emphasize the ease of installation and easy maintenance. But there are also disadvantages - this is an allergy to the components that make up the plate.
Nylon options are very similar to acrylic, differ only in design features: the prosthesis can be left in the oral cavity overnight. Among the shortcomings can be identified:
- high cost;
- the likelihood of injuring the gums;
- the possibility of deformation of the structure during chewing.
Clasp brackets differ from the previous two types in that they are fastened using a connecting arc. Use them is recommended only in patients who have lost most of the teeth in the lower or upper row. This type of prosthesis is expensive.
A conditionally removable design is used in cases where it is necessary to replace one of the teeth, it is fixed on adjacent teeth. The main differences of this design are:
- maximum stability;
- long service life;
- short adaptation gap.
Conditionally removable modern dentures are fixed on suction cups. The advantages of this design can be considered independent adjustment of the prosthesis: quick removal and installation. They are mounted on the protrusions of the jaw and are firmly held in the oral cavity.
Characteristics of removable dentures
Specialists today offer a wide selection of modern dentures, but which type to choose for the patient? It is difficult to immediately find the answer to this question, so it is better to carefully understand everything. Removable constructions that are recommended for installation to people who have lost most of their teeth are especially popular. First of all, it is worth choosing the type of material - plastic or acrylic. It’s easy to choose, it all depends on the comfort of use:
- acrylic is not flexible, easily breaks, but for a long time retains its original shape;
- with regard to hygiene, in this case it is better to stop on nylon, because it does not absorb odors and does not provoke inflammation;
- if you look from the aesthetic side, it’s better still acrylic, nylon prostheses are easier to notice;
- with regard to hypoallergenicity, it is better to nylon, acrylic can cause severe allergies;
- acrylic has an order of magnitude lower cost.
All types of removable structures differ in one feature - the presence of a gingival base made of plastic. It is a pink plate on which teeth are attached. In some cases, the design can be supplemented by:
To ensure maximum tightness of the base of the plastic, use special gels. If there are teeth in the oral cavity, then dentures can fix to them.
Fixed views
These types of prostheses are used in cases where the dental tissue is badly damaged or the teeth have destroyed tooth decay. They are made of ceramics, cermets or metal. These types are especially common today:
- crowns;
- bridge prostheses;
- veneers;
- implants.
Each of the species is selected individually for each of the patients, depending on what problem is to be solved.
To make the best choice, it is better to dwell in more detail on the materials from which dentures are made.
Materials for the manufacture of prostheses
Modern denture materials must be resistant to food and saliva. It is also good if they are combined with tissues of the oral cavity. The material should have hypoallergenic properties and other indicators that are inherent in natural teeth.
The appearance of the prosthesis should be similar to the patient’s teeth so that they can not be noticed by strangers. As already mentioned, removable dentures are made of ceramics, cermets and metal, and non-removable ones are also plastic, metal-plastic. In addition, modern methods of restoring tooth roots with dentures help to fully normalize the functionality of the dentition.
The doctor should select the material after conducting a thorough examination of the patient and recognizes all its features.
Advantages and disadvantages of dentures
Each type of prosthesis has its pros and cons. Before choosing a certain type, you need to take into account all the advantages and disadvantages.
Fixed modern dentures are popular, and all because they can be used to regain lost teeth. This type of prosthetics has such advantages:
- reliable fixation;
- during installation, quality equipment is used;
- convenient during operation;
- high esthetics;
- simple care similar to that used to care for your own teeth.
Among the minuses are:
- installation complexity;
- not suitable for people who have lost most of their teeth.
Removable modern dentures on the upper jaw and lower have the following advantages:
- attractiveness;
- reasonable price, allowing them to establish a large number of patients;
- 100% versatility.
Among the minuses are the following:
- poor fit to the oral cavity;
- discomfort while wearing;
- do not allow patients to eat too hard food;
- wear out quickly.
Which of the types to choose, the patient decides, weighing the pros and cons.
How are prostheses fixed?
What modern dentures without the sky or with the sky did not come up with dentists. Models are available on suction cups, locks, hooks and other clips. The choice depends on how many own teeth are left in the patient’s oral cavity, for which the structure can be hooked.
A complete prosthesis is the well-known false jaw of older people, which often floats in a glass of water and is fixed in the sky. In order to more reliably hold it in place, recently most often used gel materials.
Modern models have changed a lot, now they no longer fall out of their mouth, as they were 15 years ago. In addition, there are a lot of creams and gels that help to reliably fix them.
Now they are actively using models without the sky with various fixation methods, because it is they who create minimal discomfort.
To replace one tooth, a “butterfly” is suitable, which is fixed with a hook on adjacent teeth. Modern dentures on the lower jaw of this kind will help replace only one to three teeth.
After the prosthetics, the doctor will tell the patient how to wear the prosthesis and what it is better to fix it so that it does not fall out during meals and conversation.
How to adapt quickly after the procedure?
Most modern dentures do not require much time to get used to. But still, in order to get used to them faster, you need to pay attention to such nuances:
- material used for their manufacture;
- the correctness and accuracy of the fit;
- fixation method.
In many people, a foreign body in the mouth can cause discomfort, even a gag reflex. That is why suction cup prostheses are not suitable for all patients.
What to do to get used faster? Experts give some of their recommendations:
- If the prosthesis is removable with the sky, then it is better to leave it overnight. Reflexes produced in an unconscious state, that is, during a night's sleep, will help to quickly get used to a foreign body in the mouth.
- More often you need to rinse your mouth with water and best of all warm.
- More often exercise to talk and chew hard foods with a prosthesis in your mouth.
The main thing is to remember: if after the specified time the discomfort does not go away and the addiction does not come, then it is better to seek help, perhaps the fit is not quite perfect. In this case, an additional fit is required, and only a specialist can do it.
Reviews of doctors and patients
Almost every person after 40 years old is faced with the problem of tooth loss. In this case, modern prosthetics techniques will come to the rescue, which will help return a person to his ability to eat well and smile with full mouth. Nobody will be able to accurately answer the question of which prostheses are better, because each person has their own individual characteristics, so one is comfortable in removable acrylic, and the other is suitable for non-removable metal crowns.
But we can say for sure that modern prosthetics has gone far ahead and offers a lot of unique prostheses that are ready to completely replace teeth and give a person comfort. Each person should choose prostheses himself, but only after a thorough examination and consultation with a specialist.
Conclusion
Restoring the dentition is an important component in maintaining the overall health of the body. A full range will help to chew food qualitatively, will not allow diction to change. If you do not restore it, then in the end there will be a displacement and tilt of the teeth, which will lead to an increase in the load on other teeth, and very soon they will also fall out.
Do not be afraid of prosthetics. Modern techniques allow you to quickly and painlessly install any type of prosthesis. Their material is ergonomic and close to the color and shape of natural teeth. Modern prostheses are the key to good health and a beautiful smile.