Repair is the procedure for changing, updating or improving something, as well as restoring the original characteristics of an object.
Depending on the object, the types of repair may be different.
Varieties of repair work in the apartment
What types of repairs are there and how are they different? Let's try to figure this out. The volume of repairs can be cosmetic, capital and improved.
Cosmetic
This includes repairs, which are aimed at improving the appearance of the apartment without affecting the design of the room and the structure of the ceilings and walls. At the same time, fine adjustment of the equipment is possible.
This is the easiest type of repair work. Its cost is also relatively low. Work that is being performed:
- dismantling;
- putty;
- Wallpapering;
- painting;
- laying flooring;
- adjustment of sanitary fittings.
Capital repairs of apartments
This type of work is resorted to when it is necessary to eliminate the
physical deterioration of the home without fundamentally changing the parameters of the apartment.
Apartment overhaul types of work involves the following:
- floor screed;
- replacement of doors;
- electrical wiring;
- hidden pipe routing;
- replacement of plumbing equipment.
Superior apartment renovation
Here we are talking about quality repair operations where modern construction technologies are applied. It is also called European-quality repair.
Types of operations:
- leveling floors to the level;
- improved plastering, three-layer painting;
- installation of ceiling skirting boards;
- floor screed;
- parquet work;
- replacement of heating radiators;
- installation of the "warm floor" system;
- installation of water filters;
- drawing up a design project;
- purchase and installation of furniture.
If we are dealing with electrical equipment, the definition of repair operations will be different.
Maintenance
These works are carried out in order to restore the operability of the equipment, and they consist in the replacement or adjustment of its components and parts.
In accordance with what design features take place in this particular type of equipment, as well as depending on the type and scope of work, the current repair may be the first or second. The operations that must be performed are regulated in the repair documentation of the electrical workshop.
The current repair consists in replacing parts and assemblies, putting in order linings and coatings against corrosion, revising machinery and equipment, and checking the accuracy of measuring instruments.
Current repairs for electrical equipment are carried out on the basis of specially developed technological maps.
Overhaul
Repair, which is carried out in order to ensure serviceability and full restoration of equipment parameters with the replacement or restoration of all possible parts, including basic ones. The basic part is considered the main part of the equipment. It is necessary in order to compose and install other components on it. This type of work should lead to at least 80% recovery of equipment life compared to new.
The overhaul includes the following types of operations:
- all worn parts and assemblies are replaced or repaired;
- insulation and lining must be replaced;
- the equipment is aligned and centered;
- equipment tests are in progress.
In order for the overhaul to be done correctly, it is necessary to use the technical conditions that are developed at the enterprise for each type of equipment.
Maintenance Options
Maintenance and repair in relation to vehicles are carried out in accordance with the planned warning system. Its specificity lies in the fact that for all cars a special service schedule is drawn up, which is mandatory for implementation. The main task of maintenance is the prevention of malfunctions and failures, eliminating the risk of parts malfunctioning during the trip, quickly eliminating breakdowns that interfere with the operation of the machine under normal conditions.
Maintenance is carried out for preventive purposes when the equipment is not out of order and works.
When equipment fails, its restoration is called repair.
Failure - failure of the car, which entails a temporary interruption of its normal operation.
All other negative changes in the technical condition of cars and their components are considered malfunctions.
Maintenance includes washing operations, control and diagnostic operations, fixing operations, lubrication, refueling, adjustment and other types of operations that are most often performed without first disassembling machine components.
According to existing maintenance standards, the types of maintenance and repairs are as follows:
- daily maintenance;
- the first;
- second;
- seasonal.
Daily maintenance consists of cleaning, washing and general monitoring of the technical condition of the car, so that traffic safety and appearance are maintained at an appropriate level. It is held at the end of the vehicle and before the start of the working day.
The first maintenance, except daily performed, includes a number of additional work related to fasteners, lubrication and adjustment, not requiring the removal of components and devices of the car.
The second maintenance, in addition to the operations that are included in the TO-1, includes operations for diagnostics, monitoring and adjustment, large in volume and requiring partial disassembly of the vehicle components. A number of devices are removed from the car and controlled at special stands.
Seasonal maintenance of the car is subjected twice a year. It consists in carrying out work that is associated with a change of seasons. Most often it is combined in a schedule with TO-2. For seasonal maintenance, flushing the cooling system, changing the oil and grease according to the upcoming season, and monitoring and adjusting the fuel system are typical . For autumn-winter CO, a test of the functioning of the starting heater and heating in the car cabin is characteristic.
The schedule for the maintenance of vehicles is compiled on the basis of the mileage and is determined by the operating conditions of the machine.
Depending on the complexity, these types of technical repairs are distinguished: current and overhaul.
Varieties of fixed assets repair
Fixed assets must be maintained in good condition, because during the operation they have a tendency to wear and can finally fail.
An instrument for maintaining the operational characteristics of an OS object is its inspection.
If a technical inspection detects violations of its technical condition, the object can be restored by repair, as well as reconstruction or modernization.
The last two types of work are distinguished by the fact that conducting them can increase the initial cost of the object and change its characteristics and purpose of use.
What is a repair? This is the replacement of parts that have become unusable with new ones without changing the functions of the object. Distinguish between types of repairs, such as current and overhaul.
In practice, it is often difficult for organizations to determine what type of work has been done, so we’ll take a closer look at these concepts.
According to the law, if the work is carried out with a frequency of less than a year, then this repair is called ongoing. With greater frequency, we can talk about capital.
Maintenance is carried out regularly on the basis of schedules that are drawn up by those responsible for the operation of buildings.
Overhaul of fixed assets
This is the most complex type of repair of fixed assets. The frequency of its implementation is determined by the intensity of operation of the object. Most often, it is carried out once every few years, and often it takes a lot of time.
Usually during the overhaul, the object is completely disassembled with the replacement of parts and mechanisms that have been worn out with new ones. If this type of work is carried out for buildings, it is necessary to change the design and details of the building. You should not just make a complete replacement of durable structures like foundations. Overhaul is most often carried out with the involvement of contractors, since it requires high professionalism.
Types of capital repairs of industrial buildings:
- complex, in which the entire building is involved;
- selective when individual structures are repaired.