Art is a multifaceted concept; it reflects the spiritual and practical sphere of human activity aimed at artistic comprehension and development of the world. His goal is to recreate the world through various forms of human sensuality. Art genres characterize the substantial properties and features of works of art. They combine them into certain groups, depending on the characteristic features.
Types of art are forms of creative activity that convey certain content with the help of artistic images and differ in the way it is embodied (in music, sound, in literature, the word, in art, materials). They are usually divided into several groups. The first includes plastic or spatial forms of art. They exist in several dimensions: graphics, painting, architecture, DPI, photography. The second category includes dynamic or temporary views. This includes music and literature. The composition of these works unfolds in time. The third group includes spatio-temporal varieties - theatrical and cinema art, choreography. Modern trends - video graphics and design - are synthetic art forms. Each group has its own special language and means of expression. Music embodies the artistic image through sounds, ballet - gestures, plastics, literature - words.
Inside species there are genres of art. They are quite diverse and varied. So, for example, in painting, genres differ in theme and subject of the image: landscape (surrounding reality), portrait (person), still life (objects of inanimate nature). In cinema and theater - the nature of events (detective story, comedy, drama, science fiction). In fiction, the main genres of art are epic (narrative), drama (a work with a certain plot, written in colloquial form) and lyrics (poetic composition). All of them develop according to their own laws, using special expressive means.
Types and genres of painting
The works of this type of art are usually divided into two types: easel and monumental. The second variety is closely related to architecture: this includes painting the ceilings and walls of buildings, decoration with mosaics, stained-glass windows. Easel paintings are more compact and can easily be transferred from one room to another.
In painting, the following genres of art exist: plot work, landscape, still life, portrait, etc. Some aspects of being are reflected in art canvases. For example, a portrait paints the face of a certain person, revealing his inner world, character. The landscapes depict the life of nature, while conveying the experience and worldview of the artist (Levitan “Vladimirka”, Savrasov “Rooks Have Arrived”). Still life is translated from French as "dead nature." Artists, working in this genre, paint vegetables, flowers, fruits, furnishings, reflecting their ideas about beauty, moods and thoughts.
Animal paintings depict animals. This genre first appeared among primitive artists. On the rock paintings you can see scenes of hunting for bison, mammoths and deer. Historical paintings convey the life of people of the past or a certain significant event ("The Last Day of Pompeii"). Mythological drawings were discovered in ancient Greece. Such paintings depict scenes described in ancient myths (Botticelli, Vrubel, Vasnetsov). Religious paintings are based on biblical subjects. Artists painted walls in monasteries and temples, decorated religious buildings with ornaments, painted miniatures in church folios (Rublev, Leonardo to Vinci).
Thus, the types and genres of art convey and reflect certain conditions and events of the surrounding reality.