Causes of miscarriage in early pregnancy, symptoms

A miscarriage in the first trimester is an event that no lady wants to face. After the pregnancy test showed the treasured two strips, a completely new period begins. Parents are now busy choosing a name for the child, planning the future children's room. Passing by the shops, they involuntarily examine strollers, chairs, clothes for the baby. Unfortunately, far from every case, pregnancy ends in a favorable outcome. The fact is that many ladies have to deal with such a problem as a miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy. What a (photo) embryo looks like in the first trimester can be found in specialized literature. In this article we will talk in more detail about a miscarriage, its main causes and symptoms.

general information

Miscarriage implies spontaneous abortion, which occurs due to a wide variety of reasons. As a rule, this problem is diagnosed for up to 12 weeks. Late miscarriages are quite rare.

How does this problem develop?

Miscarriage is a direct rejection of the fetus by the female body due to the influence of any factors. The fetus can leave the womb completely, which happens extremely rarely, or partially. The first option is found only in the very first weeks of the existence of the embryo in the womb. Women in some cases may not notice obvious signs of a problem.

If there are any reasons for a miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy, for example, an infectious disease, the lady's body begins to actively fight the fetus. As a result, the formation of the so-called placental mass does not occur, which is responsible for the connection of the little man with his mother. In the body of the embryo, bodies are also formed sequentially, which by all means prevent the integration with the female body and the receipt of various nutrients from it. As a result, the internal organs of the embryo receive all kinds of pathologies, and its shell is sequentially destroyed.

As a result of rejection, the fetus leaves the uterus, which is a miscarriage. Depending on how the interruption of a new life occurs, specialists can determine its causes.

Types of Miscarriages

1. Incomplete miscarriage in early pregnancy. Symptoms in this case include sharp pains in the lumbar region, accompanying severe uterine bleeding.
2. Full type. The embryo completely leaves the uterus. Hemorrhages in this period cease, discomfort is minimal.
3. A failed miscarriage. In this case, the fetus dies, but at the same time it continues to remain in the mother’s womb. This condition can only be confirmed by a specialist, when during the next examination the child’s heartbeat is not heard.
4. Anembryony. In this case, fertilization occurs, but the formation of the embryo is not carried out. The ovum independently attaches to the uterine wall, a gestational bag develops along with the yolk bladder, but the fetus itself is not in the uterus.
5. Repeated miscarriage. It is observed when a woman in the first weeks had already recorded similar cases of miscarriage. According to available statistics, approximately 1% of families face this kind of pathology.
6. Chorionadenoma. In this case, the egg is fertilized, the genetic information changes, but instead of the embryo, a small piece of tissue is formed

Why does a miscarriage occur in early pregnancy? Causes

• Disorders at the genetic level. According to statistics, 73% of miscarriages occur precisely for this reason. It is important to note that such defects of a genetic nature do not differ in hereditary nature, but are a single mutation that happened in the germ cells of one of the parents under the influence of negative environmental factors. Spontaneous miscarriage in this case is perceived as natural selection, that is, the destruction of weaker offspring. It is almost impossible to prevent the development of this problem.
• Hormonal disorders are another factor that entails a miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy. The reasons for the development of this problem lie in the lack of a hormone called progesterone. With the timely detection of such a situation, there is a possibility of continued pregnancy.
• The reasons for the immunological nature. As a rule, this problem is diagnosed in the presence of a Rhesus conflict. The embryo “takes” positive Rhesus from its father, and the mother’s body (Rhesus negative) begins to actively struggle with the fetus, perceiving it as a foreign body. To prevent the development of Rhesus conflict, pregnant women are recommended to take progesterone preparations.
• Sexually transmitted infections (toxoplasmosis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, herpes infection). Pathogenic microorganisms gradually infect the fetus and its membranes, resulting in a miscarriage.
• A history of abortion. Abortion, according to experts, is not just ordinary medical manipulation, but serious stress for the body. This procedure very often provokes the development of ovarian dysfunction, contributes to the formation of inflammatory processes.
• The use of herbs and certain groups of drugs. In the first trimester, doctors do not recommend taking medications at all. The thing is that many of them are capable of provoking the formation of various kinds of developmental defects in the fetus itself. You should also be especially careful about medicinal herbs such as parsley, cornflower, St. John's wort, and nettle.
• The causes of miscarriage in early pregnancy may be hiding in frequent stresses.
• Unhealthy Lifestyle.
• Falls, sexual intercourse, weight lifting. Contrary to popular belief, physical activity alone rarely leads to a miscarriage. However, they often become the trigger for spontaneous abortion if there is one or more of the above reasons.

Symptoms

How does a miscarriage manifest in early pregnancy? What does a woman look like? If a miscarriage occurred in the very first weeks of gestation, the lady can not avoid feeling unwell and very unpleasant symptoms. Abortion is almost always accompanied by a discharge of a brown tint, as well as painful discomfort in the lower abdomen. If these signs appear, it is recommended to consult a doctor immediately. You should not postpone the visit at a more convenient time or wait until the morning.

If a woman still does not suspect that there is a new life in her womb, she can take bleeding as normal menstruation. In some cases, there are no obvious signs of a problem, but there are indirect ones. How does a miscarriage manifest in early pregnancy? Symptoms of an indirect nature may be as follows:

• Sudden weight loss.
• Diarrhea.
• Nausea.
• Severe pain in the lower abdomen.
• The appearance of mucus of an uncharacteristic hue.
• Violation of the usual work of the digestive tract.

Diagnostics

If a pregnant woman is feeling unwell or has developed abnormal vaginal discharge, it is recommended that you visit your doctor immediately. There are various manifestations of this pathology, however, specialists take into account exclusively clinical symptoms.

The main way to confirm a miscarriage is ultrasound. It also allows you to choose the technique by which treatment will subsequently be carried out to maintain pregnancy.

Recommended Therapy

Miscarriage, as practice shows, can be prevented at some stages. If this is only a menacing stage, compliance with bed rest and antispasmodic therapy is sufficient. With a spontaneous abortion that has already begun, you can save the fetus if all the available measures are taken in a timely manner. According to experts, the specific treatment plan depends on the cause of the miscarriage in early pregnancy.

• With isthmic-cervical insufficiency, for example, sutures are placed on the cervix, which are subsequently removed before the birth itself.
• If the reason lies in infectious ailments, the doctor selects the appropriate antibacterial and / or antiviral therapy.
• When hormonal disorders are observed, the endocrinologist appoints replacement treatment.
• The situation is much more complicated in the case of an abnormal structure of the uterus. The thing is that sometimes a woman simply can not bear a child on her own. As for this kind of pathology, today doctors are increasingly practicing surgical correction.

What to do in case of a miscarriage?

If a woman has any of the above symptoms, then urgently need to consult a doctor. Initially, a specialist conducts an ultrasound scan to assess the condition of the fetus and determine the tone of the uterus. Then a series of tests are prescribed (blood for hormones, intrauterine infection, smear for mycoplasmas, etc.).

Most often, with the threat of a miscarriage, a woman is recommended hospitalization with subsequent treatment. To normalize her condition, “No-spa" (antispasmodic drug), droppers, suppositories are prescribed.

Miscarriage in early pregnancy. What to do after?

If a spontaneous abortion still occurred, then the doctor should tell the woman about further actions.

It is recommended to take a vacation for a while in order to restore the psycho-emotional and physical state. Taking into account the fact that not a single woman is safe from abortion, it is considered advisable to take the necessary tests to determine the possible causes of miscarriage in early pregnancy and to prevent their occurrence in the future.

Effects

If a woman had a miscarriage at the beginning of pregnancy, then appropriate treatment was prescribed, then the likelihood of developing complications is almost zero.

On the other hand, a miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy without cleaning (curettage) can lead to the formation of inflammatory processes. As a result, infertility may occur due to obstruction of the fallopian tubes and the lack of normal functioning of the appendages.

Prevention

Unfortunately, modern people cannot change genetics, but absolutely anyone can make adjustments to their lifestyle. The recommendations below make it possible to minimize the likelihood of a miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy, the consequences of which are often dire for the whole family.

First of all, doctors advise starting planning a child well in advance (approximately in one year). At this stage, both a man and a woman should abandon all bad habits, try to eat as balanced as possible, undergo a diagnostic examination and pass the necessary tests.

When the desired pregnancy does occur, the expectant mother is recommended to devote all her strength to preserving the fetus. For this, passive smoking, heavy physical exertion and stressful situations must be avoided. This is a great time to start doing yoga or swimming. Of course, do not neglect a visit to the gynecologist at all stages of pregnancy.

Conclusion

In this article, we talked about the causes of miscarriage in early pregnancy. Photos and stories of happy women who managed to survive this problem and subsequently gave birth to healthy children prove that even after termination of pregnancy, it is possible to try on the role of the mother again. Be healthy!