Consider the main ways of organizing radio communications. It is one of the easiest and most reliable ways to ensure communication. To find out what methods of organizing radio communications currently exist, we will analyze its features. Walkie-talkies are convenient and useful. You can use them where it is impossible to use other types of communication.
Radio Features
Radio communication systems are available in a price range, they can be easily deployed, they are undemanding to environmental conditions.
Radio wave options
Radio waves, depending on the range, have certain characteristics. Long waves are substantially absorbed by the ionosphere, therefore surface waves are most used, which, when propagated, envelope the earth. When moving away from the transmitter, their intensity decreases rather quickly.
Medium waves are absorbed by the ionosphere during the day, and are reflected from it in the evening.
Short waves propagate through reflection by the ionosphere, so a radio silence zone forms near the transmitter. In the daytime, waves with a frequency of 30 MHz propagate to the maximum extent, and at night - 3 MHz. With low transmitter power, short waves propagate over significant distances.
Atmospheric effect
The methods of organizing radio communications are influenced by the effects existing in the ionosphere and troposphere. They are associated with fluctuations in the propagation of free electrons. Among the ionospheric effects that affect the propagation of radio waves, there are absorption, flicker, frequency change, dispersion. With increasing frequency, they weaken the propagation of radio waves.
Advantages
Often, only methods of organizing radio communications make it possible to ensure the management of units and units in an emergency during the movement of commanders (staffs).
Among the advantages of this type of communication are:
- establishing communication with objects whose location is unknown;
- signal transmission through the territory in which the enemy is located;
- radio signals pass through the area contaminated with radioactive radiation;
- establishing communication with objects that are in motion at sea, in the air, on land;
- the ability to transmit combat signals, reports, orders to a significant number of military personnel.
What are the ways to organize radio communications? Advantages and disadvantages of this type of communication is an important issue. Positive characteristics are highlighted, now we analyze the disadvantages of radio communications.
disadvantages
The adversary can intercept transmissions and negotiations, determine the locations of operating radio stations, and create deliberate interference with them. Radio communication depends on the conditions of the passage of the wave, the presence of interference at the reception site. Among the minuses of this type of communication, we note a significant impact on its quality of nuclear explosions. The quality of the radio signal decreases while decreasing the distance between the radio stations that operate on the move. All these features determine the ways of organizing radio communications. Merits and demerits are analyzed, we pass to the characteristic of options of its creation. All these methods are currently used in the Armed Forces, the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Radio direction
Radio direction is a way of organizing radio communication between two control points (headquarters, commanders).
Among its advantages note:
- ease of communication; signal transmission rate;
- increase the speed of information transfer during the exchange of important information.
Radio direction is a way of organizing radio communications, which allows you to hide important information from enemy intelligence. When installing directional antennas, you can increase the communication range.
Among the minuses of this method, we single out a significant expenditure of radio communications at the control point used to organize radio communications. In practice, such radio communication methods are used when transmitting a significant number of messages in important directions.
Radio network
Consider ways of organizing radio communications. Their purpose and characteristic is associated with the features of the method. Radio communication is used when transmitting information between three or more control points (headquarters, commanders).
In comparison with the radio direction, it has less stability, protection from reconnaissance, and transmittance.
What are the ways to organize radio communications in the sun? It provides circular transmission, maintains communication between all correspondents with minimal use of funds and forces.
Radio communication in practice, as a rule, is used to transmit alerts, commands to a significant number of correspondents. Using a radio network, information of a lesser degree of secrecy is exchanged, to which less demands are placed on the timeliness of its communication to correspondents.
Varieties
Radio networks can be on duty, constantly operating, hidden.
Regularly considered radio networks in which transmission work is carried out without any restrictions.
What are the standby methods of organizing radio communications in the ATS? These are networks that involve the immediate reception of messages from subordinate units and units on the main control panel.
Standby radio networks are those in which work is opened by an additional command in the absence of the possibility of exchanging messages in basic radio communications.
Hidden radio directions are created for communication with the most significant correspondents. They are used in the transmission of the most significant and urgent signals, commands, reports, orders. Transmission work on such radio networks is only possible with the permission of the communications chief of the general staff.
At the same time, requests for audibility are not carried out; for transmission, short signals or radiograms are used that do not imply a preliminary call and confirmation of reception.
Depending on the means, purpose, frequencies, forces, and methods of organizing radio communications are selected. Radio data: their purpose and content must be studied in detail in order to use them in the sun. In a radio network, communication can be created at one or more frequencies on a subscriber radio communication, at the frequencies of the transmitters. The nature of the operation of the line, as well as its main capabilities, significantly depends on the method of assigning operating frequencies.
For radio networks that require speed and ease of communication, a single frequency is designated for receiving and transmitting information.
The main methods of organizing radio communications: radio direction and the radio network are used in the Armed Forces, the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Sensor Frequency Communication
It is used for two-way communication between several radio stations at once without reconfiguring receivers and transmitters, as well as for guaranteeing circular broadcasts of this radio station of the network to its other participants. At each radio station in such a network, information is transmitted at the frequency of its transmitter, and for reception, at the frequency of correspondent apparatuses.
Combined radio communication is a type of radio network at transmitter frequencies. In this case, two-way communication of correspondents with the main network radio station is guaranteed.
Important points
All network stations have the ability to transmit a signal without interruption. Network correspondents do this to the main station, and it transmits signals to any correspondent.
For radio communications, between the correspondents of which there is a continuous exchange of information, one ringing signal and a certain number of operating frequencies are characteristic. At the calling frequency in such radio communication, the short signals (commands) of the combat command are called and transmitted.
In those situations where radio stations equipped with special frequency stabilization devices are used, radio communication is organized between them via subscriber radio communication.
In the case of a limited number of radio facilities, time, radio frequencies, communication is ensured by entering into existing networks of the radio station.
Application in the sun
To ensure the entry of the headquarters radio station (senior commander) into the network of subordinates, a constant call sign is used. All of their subordinates must know by heart in order to distinguish them from the enemy’s radio signals. In modern combat, a special place is the provision and organization of radio communications.
Ways of interaction
An interaction radio link is created in three ways:
- the creation of special interaction radio communications;
- mutual entry of radio stations into other networks;
- with the help of operational groups that arrive at the military unit with their own means of communication.
Under the methods of organizing radio communications understand the techniques, methods, the procedure for using the forces and capabilities of communication for the high-quality solution of tasks.
The main options for the exchange of information consider radio direction and radio communication. The use of one of these methods in each case is determined by the nature and characteristics of the organization of management, we are present means and forces, radio interference and protection, as well as other factors.
Radio communication is a way of organizing communication between several radio stations. Radio direction is used to organize communication between two radio stations. In both methods, it is assumed that the main radio station is assigned, which provides communication to the chief. She manages the rest of the subordinate stations of the created network, monitors their full compliance with the order and mode of operation, safety, and controls the process of radio exchange.
Radio Call Sign Features
The main radio station of the network should call to order each station that allows violations of the established communication discipline. All other radio stations included in the network are obliged to fulfill its requirements unconditionally. Call signs that are assigned to the radio stations of the chief are used when transmitting radiograms. Calls are divided into telephone and international.
The second group involves alphanumeric or alphabetic combinations of 4-5 characters. As a rule, they are assigned to radio stations operating in session or stably operating radio directions and radio networks, which are stipulated by the communication regulations.
Telephone calls are a combination of words with several numbers. They are assigned to specific radio stations in the formation of temporary radio networks or local stations. In one radio station, it is allowed to use telephone calls with the same vocabulary for all correspondents of this network, but with different digital codes for each of the participants.
Telephone and international calls can be circular and individual. The first group is assigned to a separate station. Such a call sign is assigned in the radio network for simultaneous calling of all network objects. The type of callsigns that are used in radio direction and radio networks are appointed by order of the chief responsible for the organization of radio communications.
The use of arbitrary callsigns is strictly prohibited in the Armed Forces and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The radio transmitter is assigned to the radio network, assigned to it certain callsigns for communication.
Depending on the means, frequency, forces, purpose of communication, it is possible to provide a radio signal at one frequency, which makes it possible to carry out circular transmissions, maintain communication with a minimum expenditure of forces and means.
In the radio direction, communication can be organized not only at one, but also at different frequencies of reception and transmission.
Radio relay communication is organized in the Armed Forces along the network, in the direction, along the axis. The use of each of their methods is associated with specific conditions of the situation, features of the terrain, management, communication secrecy, the need for exchange, and the availability of communication facilities.
The direction of radio-relay communication is considered to be a variant of its organization between control points. Currently, this type of communication is one of the most common in the armed forces. It is with the help of this method that the maximum reliability of communication, bandwidth is ensured. Among the minuses is the need for increased use of radio relay stations and radio frequencies at the headquarters of the part responsible for organizing communications.