After diagnosing a fistula on the gum, the dentist should immediately begin treatment, since this disease is unpredictable, and therapy requires a lot of time. Such a pathology is a channel that leads from the focus of inflammation, located in the tissue depth, to the outside. Most often, patients go to the doctor because they feel many unpleasant sensations that accompany this disease.
What is the danger of fistula on the gums of an adult?
The danger of this pathology
Such a disease requires a timely visit to the dentist. Otherwise, gum destruction near the tooth occurs, after which the pathology quickly progresses and affects the soft tissues that are located nearby. It is worth noting that in this case, pus and bloody fluid are strongly released. It is they that are characteristic of the active phase of the development of the fistula, since granulomas begin to grow under the bony dental bed, which is called the alveolar process, with a further violation in full of this part of the membrane and the formation of the fistulous passage. This disease is dangerous in that it can affect soft facial tissues, since a fistula can grow out through the cheek and cause a cosmetic defect. The cause of this complication is the prolonged delay of treatment of the fistula on the gum or its complete absence.
The beginning of pathology
If a fistula develops on the gums, the cause may be in unprofessional and unscrupulous treatment of caries. The specialist must necessarily carefully eliminate all affected areas during filling or cleaning the cavity, carry out a direct disinfection of the latter. In the presence of infection in a sealed tooth, inflammation near the gums and pain caused by the development of microorganisms and their activation may occur. With such a development of events, you should contact the institution where the treatment was carried out in order to treat the pathology at no cost. If the fistula still formed, the dentist is entirely responsible for the unsuccessful treatment of caries and the complication that appeared in the future.
Causes
The main reason that causes the appearance of a fistula on the gum cannot be accurately described. It can form due to diseases such as:
· Periostitis of a chronic nature.
· Periodontitis, especially granular form.
A tooth cyst in the process of inflammation.
Careless, unprofessional therapy of deep caries, or improper formation of the dental root canal can also provoke the formation of a fistula. Perforation of the root, which occurs most often due to the careless work of a doctor, is another reason for the appearance of pathology.
When is gum fistula removal required? The formed fistula is primarily a danger of accelerated inflammation of the tissues around it, which spreads quite quickly. If there is no treatment, then the process of inflammation penetrates the canal of the bone bed and subsequently affects the mucous membrane. A fistula, which has already formed and whose symptoms are simply impossible to notice, can affect soft facial tissues, which can be fraught with a cosmetic defect and various inflammations on the face, especially in the area of the nasolabial triangle. It is such pathologies that can affect the brain.
Caries therapy
Apart from this, a fistula on the gum in a child can be distinguished, which provokes unprofessional therapy of caries. This process is distinguished by an inconspicuous start for the patient, with a pulsation or not too severe soreness in the treated tooth. A specialist is contacted already when the process of inflammation has overcome the initial stage, and now a lot of time and effort will be required for therapy. That is why after treatment it is necessary to pay special attention to your feelings, and in case of minimal suspicion, go to a specialist.
Symptoms
During its formation, the pathology is characterized by the absence of pronounced symptoms, therefore it most often goes unnoticed. The inflammatory focus, which is located in the tissue depth, cannot be detected independently. At this time, slight fluctuations in the daily values of body temperature and a slight soreness near the tooth may be noted. This stage is short-lived, a rapidly developing disease will recall its existence with the following symptoms:
Throbbing, sharp pain in the affected area;
Swelling or swelling over the inflamed area;
· An increase in body temperature, which is accompanied by malaise and weakness;
· The impossibility of crushing the tooth, which caused the formation of the fistula.
Breakthrough period
The period of breakthrough of the fistula on the gum through the mucous membrane is characterized by a sudden improvement in the patient's well-being. This is due to the fact that the pus was able to find a way out. Swelling and pain go away, but fever can remain for quite some time. When the fistula breaks through, it is no longer difficult to determine the correct diagnosis, but a competent doctor will not begin treatment procedures if there is no x-ray examination. A similar method is required in order to accurately determine the local characteristics of the process, as well as its degree - it is in accordance with these factors that a therapeutic course will be prescribed. At the same time, the patient learns about whether it is possible to save the tooth, or will have to remove it.
Types of entities
Fistula on the gums in an adult and a child has the following varieties:
a sign of granulating periodontitis or another inflammatory process on the tooth root, which manifests itself when a bacterial infection spreads deep in the tissues;
fistula on the gum after the tooth has been removed is a rather rare pathology that occurs if a purulent lesion remains in the tissues after extraction. Most often, after completion of the procedure, such a fistula disappears, however, there are situations when the disease can worsen. To eliminate an unpleasant symptom, you need to go to the dentist-surgeon, performing an audit, cleansing the wound, drainage, as well as eliminating the infection;
under the dental crown, a fistula appears during unscrupulous canal therapy; in this case, it is necessary to remove the structure and prescribe the correct treatment course;
the formation after implantation of a pathological hole that appears during tissue infection during surgery and is very rare.
Treatment methods
A fistula on the gum can appear only when the tooth has not been completely cured. This happens due to the destruction of its bacteria remaining in a closed carious cavity. Their functioning leads to an inflammatory process. To get rid of it, you need to understand what caused the disease.
Before starting treatment of a diseased tooth, diagnosis should be carried out correctly. To this end, radiography is performed. The picture of the disease is clearly visible in the resulting image, which allows you to decipher the information about the condition of the tooth, and also make a decision on whether it can be saved. Fistula treatment on the gum is done based on the information from the image.
Do not wait for the appearance of certain serious difficulties, it is better to cure the fistula as quickly as possible. First, a bad tooth needs to be cured, caries eliminated and then filled. This should be done by the dentist. After this, you need to be treated with the help of drugs. It is they who process the oral cavity and eliminate the bacteria that cause the disease. In addition, antibacterial pastes and gels are used, antihistamines and antibiotics supplement the therapy. Salt baths can be used as they eliminate inflammation and swelling. Medication can be long, you will have to go to the doctor often. But with timely treatment, there is a chance of stopping the infection and further saving the tooth. Otherwise, it will be necessary to remove it, and after the intervention of the surgeon is prescribed - curettage of the fistula on the gum. In a child and an adult, the course of therapy does not particularly differ.
Rehabilitation
After completion of treatment, a rehabilitation course is required. In this case, the affected areas are affected by ultrasound or laser. Similar procedures and taking medications will clear the channels, eliminate the infection. The disease usually does not return after these manipulations. With successful treatment, the fistula passes and does not subsequently recall its existence. But we must remember that those who have at least once undergone this treatment have a risk of inflammation elsewhere. That is why the prevention of fistula on the gum is important. What to do for this?
Folk remedies
You can also treat fistula at home:
Rinse your mouth with antiseptic agents;
Rinse with decoctions of herbs;
Rinse with a solution of salt and soda to get rid of pus;
· Make baths for the mouth through medications;
· The application of pastes and gels on the gums with antiseptic and antimicrobial effects;
· Apply a topically healing preparation of therapeutic effect.
We examined the danger of a fistula on the gum, and how to get rid of it.