Law and law enforcement recently become more and more popular among applicants, as evidenced by the long lines in the selection committee at universities and high competition among applicants. This is due to the privileges of software workers and the prestige of work, the possibility of career growth and the inner convictions of a young citizen of the Russian Federation.
In order to pass the competition for this specialty, it is necessary to take into account some details, without which training is impossible. It is also worthwhile to decide on a future profession in advance in order to choose the right specialization.
What is law enforcement?
The concept of “law enforcement” is considered in a broad and narrow sense. The first is the work of all bodies of state subordination that are involved in ensuring the observance of citizens' rights and their freedoms.
The second involves the activities of
specially authorized bodies, the purpose of which is to protect the right from violations, to ensure freedoms. Implementation is carried out in a strictly established manner and within the framework of the law.
The first step is to understand what constitutes law enforcement activity, its concept, essence. This is necessary to understand the principles of work, determine the specialization for which it is worth submitting documents, as well as assess the characteristics of the work. According to dictionaries, PD is a type of state activity, and it is carried out to protect the right. This is carried out by authorized bodies in the application of certain legal measures of influence that are clearly consistent with the law.
Signs of law enforcement are as follows:
- all actions are carried out in accordance with the law;
- the procedure established by law is strictly established;
- authorities implementing legal measures are clearly defined and have a specific list of powers regulated by law.
Tasks, Functions
Traditionally, such institutions are indicated in the documents: court, operational investigative bodies, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Justice, customs, prosecutor's office, and so on. This includes public organizations of a certain type and type of work.
Information about the profession "Law Enforcement" directly depends on the specific type. However, there are general concepts to which each of them necessarily complies. These are signs that correspond to the institutions, legal framework and powers, direction. It is also worth knowing what law enforcement is intended for. Its tasks, functions are also a subject of compulsory study.
Among the latter, the following are highlighted:
- Monitoring compliance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation (relevant courts).
- The establishment of justice.
- Organizational support of the courts.
- Detection and investigation of crimes.
- Legal assistance, protection of the law on behalf of society, protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens.
- Notarial protection of the interests of citizens.
Each of the above functions is performed by a specific body, however, they are all interconnected, and the work of some affects the result of others directly or indirectly.
Types of Law Enforcement
In general, all of them can be divided into three groups, each of which is engaged in a certain type of activity:
- Detection and investigation of crimes.
- Ensuring security and order.
- Legal assistance.
The first group is engaged in the pre-trial phase, that is, it reveals a crime. Also in their jurisdiction is a judicial investigation, inquiry.
Police control the order. Its main function is the prevention of crimes, their identification, suppression. In addition, the protection of certain objects, administrative control in various fields of activity can also be added to the tasks of the police.
Law enforcement activities and law enforcement bodies of this unit, or rather their focus, depend on the unit:
- Municipal.
- Road.
- Drug control.
- Tax.
- Military and others.
It is also worth noting that there is an international police - Interpol, which carries out activities around the world and has more opportunities, as well as deals with especially important matters.
The last type is the bodies of legal aid. They include lawyers, notaries and others. The main task is to uphold human rights in court and to ensure human protection.
Law Enforcement Universities
In the Russian Federation there are 23 universities, which are listed as subordinate to the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation.
Four of them are located in Moscow, while others are scattered across major cities of the country. Also, the vast majority have branches in other settlements. This means that the specialty "Law Enforcement" is available to almost all applicants living in small cities, as it is possible to choose an educational institution nearby.
The most popular and reputable university is the Russian Law Academy of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, which is located in Moscow on Azovskaya Street. Rector - Alexandrova Olga Ivanovna (since 2014).
RPA has 14 branches, which are located in St. Petersburg, Izhevsk. Petrozavodsk, Saransk, Tula and other cities.
The university accepts students in three faculties:
- Social and legal.
- Advanced training.
- Legal.
RPA prepares bachelors, specialists, masters, and also has graduate school, doctoral studies and pre-university education. There are a number of groups in which children of 4-5 grades participate.
Other, no less popular universities are the University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in St. Petersburg, the Far Eastern Law Institute, and the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
How to enter a university
Admission to the university ("Law Enforcement Activities") is made from graduates of the 11th grade of the public school, technical schools, and colleges. The peculiarity of submitting documents is that they are primarily sent not to the selection committee, but to the completing internal affairs body at the place of residence. After consideration of the application on the spot, the paper is transferred to the university.
As in other higher education institutions, the main selection is based on the results of the exam. But, besides this, for the specialty "Law Enforcement", it is also necessary to successfully pass professional psychological testing.
All universities require excellent physical preparation for some specialties, because in many, an additional type of introductory campaign is also announced - a test of endurance, capabilities and strength. So you should prepare in advance or sign up for courses that the university itself often organizes.
“Law enforcement activity” is a specialty that gives the right to every cadet who graduates from an educational institution to be exempted from military service in the army.
Work searches
In addition to the opportunity to remain a teacher at Alma Mater, there are hundreds of other employment options.
It is worth determining before applying for the specialty “Law Enforcement”, with whom you can work. Modern universities train judges, police, investigators, lawyers, prosecutors and other professionals. Depending on the direction of training , the place of work is also determined. In addition, most educational institutions employ their graduates.
Upon completion of training in the specialty "Law Enforcement", experience can be suggested by whom one can work, as the student goes through several types of practices, on which he can personally see the work of a particular specialist, and weigh the pros and cons.
Documents for admission
The first step is to include an application for admission to the local police department. Employees of the authorities draw up a personal file and send it to the selected university or institute.
Then, an application is written on behalf of the applicant to the head of the Department of Internal Affairs. After that, the completing body should issue the following documents:
- The results of medical-military examination.
- Results of professional psychological selection.
All this must be done before June 15th.
Then you need to go to college and grab a passport (or other identification documents), the original diploma or certificate. It is worthwhile to clarify before writing an application for training in the specialty "Law Enforcement", who can work after graduation.
How long to study
At the end of 4 years, a student receives a bachelor's degree and can either go to work or continue studying at this or another university.
If the documents are submitted to the branch, then you must immediately ask where you need to continue training for a specialist or where to go to graduate school.
The specialty "Law Enforcement" involves training for at least 4 years. Extramural and full-time forms of education have the same length, however, it is worth noting immediately that some specialties do not provide for “correspondence”.
Benefits for software employees
Students of universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the like are exempted from military service. There is a set of benefits for rent and utilities. And also, the size of the pension and the time for going on a well-deserved vacation are calculated differently.
Not quite a privilege, but also an advantage of graduates - an abundance of professions after graduating from the specialty "Law Enforcement". Who can work is indicated immediately upon admission.
Career growth
For each law enforcement officer, the prospect of career growth opens up in several ways: the opportunity to get a higher rank, an improvement in life, and an increase in wages. In addition, legal competency will help not only to avoid troubles, but also to protect others from them.
In any case, law enforcement officers are people who make their choice, relying primarily on moral values ​​and beliefs, and not chasing fame.