Mortality in Russia is a very acute social problem, which, however, is directly related to each of us. We have a huge country with a multimillion population, but sad statistics showing how many people irretrievably leave in a year in our state make us think.
2015 statistics
If we talk about mortality in Russia, then for a start you should turn to the statistical indicators of the current year. As of January 1, 2015, 146 million 267 thousand 288 people (permanent residents) lived in Russia. These data were calculated after the Rosstat conducted relevant surveys.
An average of 8.55 people live on one square kilometer - this is the current population density . It is worth noting that it is distributed very unevenly. This is because the vast majority of Russians (68.2 percent) live in the European part of the Russian Federation, and this is only 20.85% of the entire country! (Let's not forget that the vast expanses of the Far North are simply unsuitable for human life). The urban population includes 74.03% of all residents. The remaining share is made up of people living in villages, urban-type settlements, villages, etc.
Cigarettes - the cause that claimed millions of lives
Mortality in Russia is increasing for several reasons. But one of the worst is smoking. I don’t want to give inaccurate data as an example, which everyone probably heard about - that, allegedly, one cigarette shortens life by 11 minutes, or that every 6.5 seconds a person dies from his bad habit every 6.5 seconds. It is impossible to calculate and prove this.
However, forecasts and real facts should be discussed. So, for example, annually due to diseases, one way or another related to smoking, about 240 thousand people die, and at an average age. Altogether, this figure is 332,000. WHO made small forecasts that suggested that in ten years the number of smokers worldwide would increase by 500 million. At the moment, their number is 1.3 billion. The mortality rate in Russia from smoking is frightening. Most importantly, many of those who died from tobacco smoke could live 10-30 years longer. Of course, active promotion of a healthy lifestyle is being carried out now , however, it is everyone's business to extend their life or not. But looking at what mortality statistics in Russia look like, you should at least think about it.
Reason # 2 - alcohol
Alcohol mortality is the most severe consequence of alcohol abuse. Our country, unfortunately, is on the list of the most “drinkers”. And the statistics of mortality in Russia from alcohol are also disappointing. This is also due to the fact that we consume much more strong drinks and surrogates than low-degree ones. Every year, alcoholism and alcoholism claim more than 400,000 lives of Russians. Many experts studying the causes of mortality in Russia and predicting the consequences claim that in the future there will be a large demographic decline due to alcoholization of the population.
They are also trying to fight this problem - they increase prices for alcohol, shorten sales time, reduce its availability, but there are no visible results. There are small positive changes, however, this is not enough to achieve a really significant effect.
Positive indicators
However, not everything is really that bad. It is worth looking at the birth rate and mortality rate in Russia. Since 2010, the population has gone "in plus". From 2009 to 2010, the number of inhabitants increased by almost one million! A colossal indicator, given that the previous 14 years before that there was only a decline. From 1996 to 2009, as a result of a continuous decline in the birth rate, the number of residents decreased from 148,291,638 to 141,903,979, that is, by almost 6.5 million! Fertility and mortality in Russia all these years showed a negative balance. But in the last five years, fortunately, things have worked out. Since 2010, the number of people living in the Russian Federation has increased by 4,363,309 people. The growth, by the way, is faster than the decline in those 14 years. And this is very good - mortality in Russia is falling, and more children are being born. Measures taken at the state level should lead to demographic stability.
Diseases
For some time, mortality in Russia from various diseases was considered a big problem. But recently, and in this regard, everything has stabilized. There are fewer deaths from cardiovascular and oncological diseases, tuberculosis. Positive dynamics is also shown by mortality statistics in Russia among children under one year of age. Such a report was provided last year by the state government.
Such positive dynamics was achieved by improving the material and technical equipment of hospitals and laboratories, improving the quality of medical examinations, etc. The government was actively engaged in these and other issues. Significant results were achieved thanks to the so-called routing of patients. The Ministry of Health claims that over the past five years, mortality from heart disease and strokes has decreased significantly - by more than 40%!
What is needed for active growth?
To increase population growth in Russia more actively, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions for this. To increase maternal payments (first of all), improve the condition of kindergartens, schools, and begin to build new, more modern ones. If young families have problems with housing, then in this regard, you should think about it. In general, actively engage in the development of social programs. Because the birth of a child (especially several) is an incredibly difficult and responsible event. Unfortunately, not all regions of the Russian Federation have conditions for this. What kind of children can one think about when the future parents themselves do not have a salary of 15 thousand a month? So, to increase the birth rate, the state must first take care of the conditions. To make sure that people have not only a desire, but also the opportunity to raise children, future patriots of their mighty Motherland.