In the biographies of famous musicians and artists, the school is often mentioned to them. Gnesins. Aram Khachaturian, Boris Tchaikovsky, Tikhon Khrennikov studied at the legendary music educational institution. Here, modern stars also received education: Philip Kirkorov, Larisa Dolina, Diana Gurtskaya and others.
The history of the famous university begins at the end of the XIX century. In February 1895, in a house located on one of the central Moscow streets, a sign appeared: "The Gnesins Music College." Today, the institution is called differently - the Russian Academy of Music (RAM). In everyday speech, a simplified version is used - Gnesinka.
Sisters of gnesina
Who were the people after whom the famous school was named? How many were there? And what do they have to do with art?
There were three sisters: Eugene, Elena, Maria. More precisely, the manufacturer Gnesin had five daughters. But it was the three elders who became the founders of a private music school. It was a pretty enlightened family. The founders of the school. The Gnesins also had two brothers: Mikhail and Gregory. The first was a singer and a dramatic actor. The second is a translator, poet and bibliophile. Eugene, Elena and Maria were pianists. It is worth saying that on the tablet that appeared on February 15, 1895 at the house located in Gagarinsky Lane, there were only two initials. Under beech E two sisters were meant at once: Elena and Eugenia.
The sisters studied music from an early age. At the age of fourteen, Eugene went to Moscow, where she entered the conservatory. Elena followed. After all the sisters of Gnesina moved to Moscow. By the way, the elders studied on the same course with Rachmaninov and Scriabin.
The foundation of the school. Gnesins
After graduating from the conservatory, the older sisters began to give concerts, accompanied by famous singers. At some point, they came up with the audacious idea of creating an educational institution. The fact is that in those years it was possible to get a musical education only at the conservatory. But the sisters did not stop it. Eugene and Elena waited until Maria graduated from the conservatory, and began to implement her plan. It is noteworthy that the first student at the school. Gnesins became the younger sister of the founders Olga. A little later, the girls were supported by brother Michael.
The Gnesins taught solfeggio, taught violin and piano. The educational institution quickly gained popularity in Russia. The sisters had to invite teachers from abroad. Studying in muses. College of them. The Gnesins by the end of the 19th century became a good preparation for admission to foreign conservatories.
After 1917
Many schools were closed after the revolution. But this fate did not overtake them. Gnesins. The fact is that the sisters established relations with the People's Commissar of Education Lunacharsky. Thanks to this, their institution has successfully adapted to the new government.
The last of the Gnesins - Elena - died in 1967. She lived 93 years. Like her sisters, she spent most of her life in a small apartment located in the school building. All Gnesins are buried in the Novodevichy cemetery.
Dog playground
Gnesinka changed her address several times. In the first half of the XX century, the educational institution wandered around the Moscow center. Originally located in a wooden building in Gagarinsky Lane. When there were more students, I had to move to a more spacious room.
At the beginning of the thirties, hundreds of students were already studying at the Gnesins' school, therefore, additional sites were required. The state has allocated new premises. Until 1962 in Moscow there was a dog site. The history of the Gnesinka is closely connected with the street, which has such an inconsistent name. Why canine? In its place there were once royal kennels.
The dog site was destroyed during the construction of Kalinin Avenue. Here, once there was a wooden house with a small lobby, which belonged to the writer Khomyakov before the revolution. The Soviet government transferred this building to the school. Today in Moscow there is neither that decrepit house, nor the Dog’s site. In their place New Arbat. In the late thirties, the construction of a new building began. But it was not completed. The war has begun.
Povarskaya Street
In the fifties, the construction of a building intended specifically for the Gnesins' school was finally completed. It is located on Povarskaya Street.
This is a vivid example of Soviet classicism. In this house, apartments for the Gnesins sisters were originally provided. Today there is a memorial museum. Moreover, this is the only museum apartment in Moscow, located in the building of the educational institution.
However, this building was not enough to accommodate all the students of the school to them. Gnesins. In the seventies, a new house was erected on the same Povarskaya Street. The 13-story building was built on the site of the destroyed church, in which, according to legend, Pushkin himself visited more than once. The main building of the school today is located at: st. Povarskaya, house 30/36.