As you know, there are various types of ornaments. They are plant, subject, landscape, astral, floral, fantastic, calligraphic, etc. It all depends on what elements the pattern is made of. Geometric consists of simple shapes - circle, square, rectangles, triangles. This is the most common and easy to build option. To do it, it is enough to use stencils or drawing tools and understand the pattern of construction.
Geometric ornaments and patterns: types
The location and nature of the composition is always associated with the shape of the object on which the drawing is applied. On this basis, there are such types of ornaments from figures:
- tape;
- reticulate;
- centric or outlet.
The first is constructed in the form of a straight or curved strip running along the center or edge of the product. So make out friezes, borders. In the second case, the entire decorated surface is filled with a pattern. In the third option, individual elements are located inside the square, circle, rhombus, rectangle, which are located in the center of the decorated object.
Scopes of an ornament
Geometric patterns on dishes have been used since ancient times. It was the easiest way to decorate a jug or pot. Ordinary sticks were used to make round recesses in the surface, lines.
With the development of technology, geometric ornaments began to be used in architecture and clothing. Now they are often used for decorating textiles, scarves, bedding, carpets, as well as in printing for printing books, wallpapers, for decorating furniture, decoration materials (ceramic and ceiling tiles, laminate, linoleum, etc.).
Important concepts
Any pattern, geometric, floral, has a specific motive and rapport. You need to clearly understand what both words mean. The first is the main element of the ornament. It can be simple, consisting of one form with a single contour, or complex, which involves the presence of several components.
The motive may be a stylized flower, leaf, star, different types of polygons, a star consisting of triangles. A rapport is a combination of motive or their group and distance to the neighboring one.
Techniques for building an ornament
Each pattern, geometric, floral or any other, represents a certain rhythm, that is, repetition, alternation of certain elements. An isosceles triangle can be taken as a motive. Repeat it horizontally repeatedly without gaps, then you will get peculiar teeth, at the same distance or alternating the length of the space between the elements in a certain combination. The appearance of the ribbon ornament will change. The same can be done vertically.
To create a mesh pattern, it is enough to repeat the line from triangles obtained at the first stage several times in a column. Each module can be either one below the other, or with an offset. Two different horizontal rows alternate according to a certain regularity, through one, two, etc.
Original decors are obtained by combining various types of mirroring. Horizontally or vertically, rows, columns or only parts of them are reflected in a certain combination.
Centric geometric ornaments and patterns are also easy to obtain. It is enough to choose a rotation point at one of the ends of the element, inside it or outside and around it, shift the triangle by a certain number of degrees.
How to make an ornament for a beginner
Simple geometric patterns are very easy to make. The basis is a set of figures arranged, for example, in a square. This module is repeated many times according to any of the above patterns.
The easiest and most fun way to design a pattern, geometric, floral or any other, is to use a graphical editor on your computer. A program that works with vector graphics is suitable, which means just simple geometric shapes that have a contour and a fill. Such patterns can be obtained in the editor Corel Draw or Adobe Illustrator.
The algorithm of work will be as follows:
- Of the geometric shapes make up the basic element.
- Perform the operation of grouping parts.
- Copy the module.
- Insert the desired number of times.
- Use the distribution function of all selected fragments at a certain distance. The string is ready.
- Group it in the same way as the module itself at the beginning.
- You try different combinations of reflections, repetitions. You can even make a rotation around a circle with a different angle of rotation.
There will be a lot of combinations. Choose the best, print or use for any other purpose. By the way, you can use such an image as a stencil: circle the resulting pattern through glass on paper, and then use it for painting fabrics, decorating handmade cards, embroidery, stained glass, carving and any other art technique.
Cell construction
Patterns of geometric shapes are easy to make on a grid. You can use the usual notebook sheet or pre-draw thin lines of cells of any size on the sheet. Already, contours are drawn around them or drawn in the color of the figure. The size of the parts and spaces is easy to determine by counting the cells.
So, you saw how geometric ornaments and patterns are built. You can choose any of the above methods and try to execute some option yourself. If you do this task on a computer, you will get a huge number of options. This lesson is very fascinating, since it’s hard to even guess in advance what a complex decor will turn out from a simple element.