Computer peripherals are non-essential components of a computing system. Without them, the ability to perform basic functions remains. So, if the RAM modules connected to the motherboard, the central processor, the video adapter, the power supply unit are indispensable components, the peripheral devices of the PC (personal computer) belong to the auxiliary group.
To clarify, we use the analogy by comparing a computer with a person. PC
peripherals can be compared with arms and legs: they significantly expand the range of tasks. In this regard, computers win, because with the presence of interface ports, you can connect any existing technical solutions, making the computing system universal.
Depending on the purpose, the following classification of peripheral devices is used:
- solutions for data input / output;
- devices for the needs of information storage;
- devices for exchanging digital (or analog) streams with other components.
Let us dwell in more detail on each group.
PC peripherals for data entry are rightly headed by a mouse and keyboard. The latter is a set of buttons, each pressing of which corresponds to a specific binary code. It is with its help that the software of the computer learns what has been pressed, including various combinations.
The modern keyboard is far from ideal, because with prolonged use the hands get tired, the placement of characters on the buttons is not optimal, the mechanism for returning the pressed key is not always well-tuned. Almost all manufacturers offer improved models in which the above features are taken into account. However, they are too expensive to allow such solutions to occupy their niche in the mass market.
Depending on the connection method, wired and wireless devices are distinguished. The same group includes game joysticks, pedals and steering wheels, light pistols, helms for flight simulators.
The “mouse” type manipulator became widespread after popularizing graphical interfaces in operating systems , the elements of which are conveniently controlled not with buttons, but with a pointer. Currently, there is a gradual displacement of classical wired solutions by more convenient ones that communicate with the computer by radio frequencies.
Information input and its digitization is also carried out by scanners. These devices can be part of an office processor - an MFP that combines a printer and a scanner in one housing.
There are not only stationary, but also manual solutions, which in some cases is very convenient.
Without the ability to display the results of the work, the computer would be a “thing in itself” - a kind of black box, completely useless. There are various output devices, the main one being a monitor. Without it, full-fledged work with a computer is impossible. Depending on the principle used for rendering the picture, CRT and LCD solutions are distinguished.
In addition to forming an image on the screen, by connecting a printer, you can get the ability to output data to paper or other similar media.
The peripheral devices of the second group of PCs perform the functions of long-term storage of digital data. These are hard drives, compact disks, streamers (carrier - tape), disk drives and flash drives.
Data exchange is assigned to modems and network cards.