Disorders of the ovarian-menstrual cycle have various clinical manifestations, which may include both an extension of the menstrual period and an increase or shortening of the intervals between them. One of the frequent complaints of women is spotting a week before menstruation. What are the causes of this phenomenon? The appearance of blood of endometrial origin, like menstruation itself, is under hormonal control. Therefore, a change in the level of hormones is always accompanied by the appearance of any secretions. However, in any case, a detailed examination of the female body is required. This is what gynecology does.
Bloody discharge in women is the result of not only an altered hormonal background. Another reason for the violation of the ovarian-menstrual cycle can be infectious and inflammatory diseases. In addition, the background in which spotting appears a week before menstruation is frequent
curettage of the uterine cavity (either for diagnostic purposes or for abortion). This can be explained by the fact that the
mucous membrane of the inner layer of the uterus is very thin and easily bleeds at the slightest change. Also, endometriosis should be considered as a reason - a disease in which endometrial tissue is located outside the uterine cavity (normally, the endometrium is located only in the uterine cavity). Therefore, spotting a week before menstruation can also occur with a violation of the normal tissue structure of the female genital organs. These are the issues that gynecology deals with. Discharge from the genital tract should always be alarming.
What should a woman do if she develops spotting a week before menstruation? The answer is simple - you need a doctor’s consultation, as they are a symptom of a certain disease that requires diagnosis and treatment. The doctor will prescribe the necessary examinations. Usually, a woman is recommended to do an ultrasound on a certain day of the cycle (most often it is the 5-7th day, and to detect endometriosis - closer to the beginning of menstruation), as well as take laboratory tests (for sex hormones, a general blood count, for urogenital infections, and others ) Only after this is it possible to establish the correct diagnosis and prescribe the necessary treatment.
Briefly analyze the main types of treatment in the event that there are spotting a week before menstruation. The diagnosis of endometriosis requires evaluation of indications for surgical treatment, if not, then conservative therapy is prescribed. It consists in the selection of the optimal hormonal drug, taking into account age and possible contraindications. The minimum course of treatment should be 3 months, the optimal - 6 months, the maximum (without interruption) - 12 months. If the cause of the cycle disorder is inflammatory processes, then a bacteriological study is required, as well as the diagnosis of urogenital infections. Based on the results of the examinations, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and other therapy is prescribed. In the case of the initial hormonal imbalance , its correction is shown.
It is necessary to treat disorders of the ovarian-menstrual cycle differentially, taking into account a possible cause. After the therapy, it is necessary to evaluate its effectiveness by repeated laboratory and instrumental examination.