Today, to advantageously emphasize a particular area in the room, use spot light. The connection of this type of luminaire is associated with the mass of advantages inherent in this type of electrical appliances, manifested in the following:
- in compactness;
- low cost;
- a wide variety of sizes and shapes of products;
- in ease of connection and ease of operation.
In view of the above advantages, spotlight is preferred when choosing local lighting for a room. This determines the popularity of the use of installation schemes for neon lamps.
How to connect the lamp? Learn more about the methodology and features of this process.
Design features of electrical appliances
Such light in 99% of cases is installed in special pendant or overhead systems designed on the ceiling. The organization of this design involves the formation of a niche between the ceiling and the finishing material itself. In view of this, when planning this type of lighting, suspended ceilings, arches, niches and walls are constructed, sheathed with plasterboard sheets, MDF boards and plastic panels.
Time makes adjustments to the vision of the modern interior, because the designers thus already equip the elements of furniture, thereby making them even more elegant and original.
Important! Different types of materials are used as the main structures for the production of spotlights, which allows integrating products into the interior of any room, regardless of its operational nature.
Let there be light ...
Bringing the application of point light to a more detailed discussion, it should be noted that such lamps can be equipped with:
- standard incandescent bulbs;
- halogen elements;
- LED light sources;
- energy saving components.
Another distinctive feature of this design is the outer shell of the lamp plays the role of a decorative element and at the same time a protection that improves heat transfer and helps to extend the life of the set of fixtures.
Getting started
Choosing a spotlight system for installation, determine the required power of the fixtures and the voltage of the bulbs used. Determine which network the power supply will come from: from a standard 220V with alternating current, or you will need to install a current-converting installation, which involves the use of a certain amount of space to connect the lamp.
Important! Remember that the technical characteristics of the lamps mounted in the room - this is what you should know by heart. Do not allow devices to connect to the network if the technical data does not match. This can lead to negative consequences: disable the equipment, provoke a short circuit in the wiring.
DIY spotlight installation
As in any other, the connection of LED lamps consists in the sequential implementation of a number of repair and electrical work. And in addition, the process consists of two main stages, preceding the installation of lamps according to the scheme.
Arrangement of electrical wiring
Pursuing a more detailed discussion of the installation method of spotlights, note for yourself that to connect the fixtures, it is necessary to lay the supply current wires with a margin (250-300 mm) at the stage of designing ceiling overhangs or arches. So to carry out further switching will be more convenient.
To ensure a safe connection of the luminaire to the network, the conductors are threaded into special corrugated covers that prevent direct contact of the wires with the metal frame of the ceiling structure. After all, direct contact can damage the wiring insulation.
Surface preparation for product installation
In the places intended for connecting LED lamps, holes are made in which products will be mounted in the future.
Depending on the characteristics of the fixtures, the holes scale and cut holes of the required shape: round, square, triangular or others. Such work is carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of lighting devices specified in the product passport.
To prepare products according to the template, a knife is used, as well as a nail file or a milling crown, clamped in an electric drill chuck.
Important! Experts recommend cutting in stages:
- First, make a hole, making a finer adjustment using a file, sandpaper, knife and not forgetting that the lamp housing must fit tightly into the hole made.
- When connecting recessed luminaires to suspended ceilings, the front surface is provided with a protective ring to minimize the level of tension and prevent damage to the film.
Connection scheme for spotlights
There is nothing complicated in the scheme of connecting a spotlight. Installation of electric luminaires over a network involves switching devices to a multicore cable at three points:
Correct connection is made, you can check by monitoring the corresponding indicators on the terminal of the lighting fixture - L, N, PE.
The available number of units of lighting fixtures is connected to each other according to a parallel circuit: each of the subsequent fixtures is connected to the previous one using a loop (from phase to phase, from zero to zero, etc.).
Using this technique, you can connect the fixtures to a switch with an independent number of branches with an unlimited number of spotlights. Limitations are put forward only to indicators of the total power consumption of the power supply system.
By connecting the light source with the conductors, it can be placed in a pre-prepared connector and fixed using a special spring-loaded bracket.
Installation recommendations for spotlights
Observing a number of recommendations described below, you can be sure that the installation of lighting devices will take place without complications.
Recommendations for connecting fluorescent lights:
- When choosing fixtures, consider the amount of free space for their installation. Products should fit easily in the hole and fit freely in the box. All permissible norms and sizes are indicated in the product passport, therefore, there are no difficulties with the search for such information.
- Before installing the fixtures according to the scheme, turn off the current and make the connection by removing the voltage.
- Choose the lighting fixtures responsibly. Consider the features of the interior design of the room.
- Do not forget about the need to use additional materials - cables, corrugations, terminal blocks, boxes that technically meet the stated requirements.
If you do not deviate from the described instructions and follow the specified recommendations, according to the installation technology of lighting electrical appliances, then the process of connecting halogen lamps will not seem too complicated for you.
Installation of luminaires equipped with motion sensors
This type of lighting is increasingly popular. Motion sensors are being introduced into human life more and more. Ultrasensitive plumbing, light that responds to movement, today is already becoming a familiar attribute of a modern house.
Immediately prior to installation, wiring is performed to connect lamps with motion sensors. In this case, the power cable, which is energized, is output.
Following the connection diagram given in the article, the installation of electric lamps becomes possible due to the presence of an RF motion sensor mounted inside the lighting device. This structural part acts as a switch. This feature is easily attributed to the advantages of luminaires with built-in motion sensors. Indeed, to bring them into action, there is no need to implement a complex scheme. All that needs to be done is to bring up the washing.
Electricians say that any of the existing connection schemes recommended for a classic motion sensor can be easily applied when connecting a ceiling lamp.
Integrated motion sensors
The sensor itself is a shutdown device. But in our case, an interesting option is the standard design with a housing that is mounted in a socket box.
The peculiarity of the connection is that it is connected to the gap going to the phase conductor lamp according to the same scheme as the traditional light switch. But there is one hitch. The internal electronic circuit of such a device can function only in the case of a full 220V power supply. A mounted circuit breaker in a parallel circuit sometimes does its job, but installing several, for example, two motion sensors will be more practical for walk-through rooms.
The task can be simplified by mounting the motion sensor in place of the old one-button switch. In this case, the need to replace the two-wire cable laid to it from the junction box with a three-wire wire is eliminated.
Powering the light through a switch
It happens that in the design of some of the interconnection schemes for an electric lighting device (wall or ceiling), the details of the supply of a zero protective cable (ground) are missed. Most people think that doing such work will not cause difficulties, because the master used to deal with electrics.
In a traditional electrical wire, it is a yellow core with a green longitudinal stripe. On the appliance, the place of its connection is indicated by the corresponding symbol - N.
An elementary diagram of the connection of an electric lighting device
The easiest way to connect a luminaire through a switch is to connect it using two wires. This is the best sketchy option for a single lamp lighting fixture.
Carrying out the development, the manufacturers take into account the requirements according to the standard, therefore the replacement of the classic “one-touch” with an electrical appliance will not cause difficulties.
If you have old wiring and only one wire sticks out from the ceiling, and it is difficult and time-consuming to remodel it, you can connect only one powerful lighting device to the network cable, which can also be mounted in a suspended structure.
The effect of such a "luminary" will not be as damaging as in spotlight. And all the lights will light up at the same time bringing the switch to the “on” position.
If the possibility of upgrading the wiring disappears, then the switch can be replaced with a dimmer - a regulator of the level of brightness of the light emitted by the bulb. On the market it is easy to pick up a model in the form of a key, pedal or round knob. Choosing such a regulator, it is necessary to monitor the technical correspondence of the power element of the connected lamp.
Note! Such devices should not be used together with energy-saving, LED and fluorescent lamps. Therefore, for spot lighting, this option is not preferable. It is better to choose a touch switch that works in only two on / off modes. Such regulators are connected in a classic way with two wires and can easily replace conventional one-button switches.
Now you know what a spotlight is, how to properly install the fixtures, and how to work with the wiring diagrams of electric lighting devices. After studying the detailed instructions for working with LED lamps, even a novice master will feel more confident and will be able to complete the upcoming task volume 20% faster.