What are undergraduate and graduate programs? In 2011, the Russian Federation switched to a two-level system of higher prof. education. In this regard, admission to educational institutions is carried out separately under the master's and bachelor's programs. A multilevel education system has been adopted throughout the world. Its first step is a four-year preparation of bachelors, then - providing the opportunity to continue to study to acquire a master's degree.
Master in Russia
So, what tasks will the Bologna Declaration help a modern student to solve? It is the unity of the educational space that makes it possible to increase the academic mobility of teachers and students. A student can listen to and pass part of the educational disciplines that interest him at a Russian university, then gain additional knowledge in Germany or France, and continue his studies at the magistracy there. In theory, from the fact that the system becomes unified, the quality of education should be higher and contribute to the competitiveness of our graduates.
The recognition of diplomas of Russian universities in more than 50 countries (in almost all European countries, those that signed the Bologna Declaration) is one of the positive factors for the country's participation in the Bologna system. Previously, universities conducted recruitment in the specialties - for five years (thus, the training of specialists was carried out). Currently, certain engineering specialties have remained, but the training of managers, lawyers, economists is carried out in areas, levels. At the same time, the university has a rating system for assessing students' knowledge.
The European Diploma Supplement today is not a fairy tale, but a reality. Channels of cooperation with foreign universities are being established. Comprehensive programs already exist and have begun to work with universities in Germany, France, Italy, Holland, and South Korea. Students are exchanged, internships are organized for teachers, various innovative forms of exchange of experience.
Professors and practitioners are invited to Russian universities to give lectures and conduct seminars. All this allows us to ensure the quality of all levels of education at the present stage. It is only natural that in our universities not only our students, but also citizens of other states receive their education. The number of foreign students is increasing every year, and this is a plus, because this indicates that education in Russia is becoming more prestigious.
So what is undergraduate? This is the initial stage of education, providing the opportunity to receive broad fundamental training, as well as the profile, practical training necessary at the present stage in order to be able to solve professional problems in your specialty. A bachelor's degree also provides an opportunity to hold positions for which a higher education is required.
Undergraduate is not a narrow specialization, which was given to specialists, it is a more general direction, for example, in the field of management, economics. It should be noted that employers are already used to bachelors in the labor market. And yet, in most cases, bachelors can apply for the positions of lower level managers (but specialists are not immediately taken to managerial positions!). Of course, undergraduate students who think about the opportunities and career prospects should decide on their specialization and enter the magistracy and get a new, better qualification - a master’s degree.
Of course, in the magistracy, in budget places, as a rule, there is a competition, and the best get there. But other interested parties can study on the basis of the contract.
Graduates of bachelors, according to the new legislation, have the right to change their specialization within the framework of a particular university, and also have the opportunity to enter the magistracy of foreign educational institutions. Especially wide opportunities are open for graduates who are fluent in a foreign language. It should be noted that for young people studying in the magistracy, a deferment from military service is also provided.
Students are admitted to correspondence courses in undergraduate programs on the basis of secondary general education or secondary vocational education on the basis of a competition based on the results of the exam. In order to obtain a bachelor's degree, it is necessary to complete the final work.
A bachelor's degree provides an opportunity to further receive a master's degree. The State Attestation Commission assigns a graduate a bachelor’s degree after graduation, and issues a state-standard bachelor’s diploma.
Master's program is the next educational step after undergraduate studies. Masters training programs cover a wide range of issues that are most relevant at this stage in the development of international relations. Some programs are integrated with universities in the USA, Italy, Norway, France, Germany, as a result of their implementation two diplomas are issued. In addition, a master's degree gives a person the opportunity to continue their studies in graduate school, and then in doctoral studies. The modern education system provides great opportunities for advanced training, broadening the horizons through self-improvement. There are specialized programs for this.
Students who have higher professional education at the level of "specialist" or "bachelor", profile or non-core can study under the master's programs. After graduation, the graduate receives a state-standard diploma, and he is awarded a master's degree in a specific field of training.
When studying in the magistracy, an individual approach is also provided, as well as the possibility of obtaining a second higher education in another specialization.