Hormones play a great role in our body. They affect the operation of all systems. They have an important role for conception and bearing a child. So couples who can not become parents, doctors are advised to take tests for hormone levels. Often these deviations play a decisive role. There are many such analyzes, but I want to dwell on the analysis of AMG. When to take, on what day of the cycle the hormone, what significance does it have for the female body and the male. This is discussed further in the article, as well as some tips on what recommendations should be followed in preparation for passing the analysis.
AMH in women
Anti-Muller hormone plays different roles in the male and female body. But in one and the other case it concerns the reproductive function. Before answering the question of what day of the cycle you need to take AMG, consider its value for the female body:
- It is produced from birth until the onset of menopause.
- There is no way to determine it before the onset of puberty.
- In the middle of the reproductive period, the amount rises.
- During menopause, it drops to almost zero.
- Shows how the ovaries work.
- Used to diagnose cancer of the female genital glands during menopause.
- It is an indicator of how many eggs are suitable for fertilization.
- The lower the AMG level, the less likely it is to become pregnant.
- By the level of AMH, you can determine when menopause occurs.
- Determine the level of AMH in order to assess the ovarian reserve for the IVF procedure.
Consider what role AMG plays in the male body.
AMH in men
In male anti-muller hormone is also responsible for the reproductive functions of the body. Namely:
- It begins to form in the body in the embryonic period.
- Controls the formation of the organs of the reproductive system.
- It is produced until puberty.
- During puberty, it decreases.
- It affects sexual function.
- A high level may indicate a tumor process or anomalies in the structure of the genital organs.
Who needs analysis?
It was discussed above what role AMG plays for men and women. When to take, on what day of the cycle further after we determine in what cases this analysis is necessary:
- Pregnancy does not occur for unclear reasons.
- Used drugs that affect the functioning of the ovaries.
- IVF does not give the desired result.
- Early onset of menopause.
- Examination of the ovaries for the detection of malignant processes.
- Carrying out androgen therapy.
- Determination of testicular tissue.
- Doubts about the gender of the child.
In these cases, it is necessary to determine the level of AMH.
When to take, on what day of the cycle and what analysis requires preparation, more on this later.
How to choose the day of analysis?
It is not worth making such decisions yourself. Consultation with a gynecologist or endocrinologist is required. It all depends on the purpose of your visit to the doctor. On which day of the cycle is it better to take AMG?
Gynecologists are advised to take an analysis on the third day of the cycle. It is suitable for those:
- Who saved the menstrual cycle.
- With artificial stimulation of ovulation for IVF.
- With diseases that violate the menstrual cycle.
In some cases, it is allowed to take an analysis on the fourth or fifth day of the cycle. It depends on the disease with which the level of AMH is associated.
Gynecologists also note that you can go to the laboratory on any day of the monthly cycle, the results will not differ much, but for a more accurate answer, taking into account the reasons, it is better to take them in the interval from the 2nd to the 5th day.
In the absence of a menstrual cycle, analysis can be taken on any day.
Men also have an AMH test. On which day of the cycle to take them is not relevant. It can be any calendar day.
How to prepare for the procedure?
After you have decided on the analysis of AMG, when to take it, on which day of the cycle, you need to prepare for it correctly.
In order for the results to be accurate, you need to follow a few recommendations:
- Three days before analysis, avoid:
- Reinforced physical exertion.
- Emotional stress.
- Do not smoke three hours before the procedure.
2. If you have recently suffered an infectious disease, ARVI or influenza must be rescheduled.
3. On the day of delivery:
- Do not drink fluids an hour before visiting the lab.
- The analysis is given on an empty stomach.
It is best to take it after sleep after a couple of hours in the morning.
AMG norm indicators
To determine the level of AMH, venous blood is sampled. An answer will be ready in 48 hours.
Indicators of the norm of the hormone vary depending on gender, age of the subject:
- Girls under 10 years of age within 3.5 ng / ml.
- Women of reproductive age 2.1-7.3 ng / ml.
- The maximum allowable norm for women is 8 ng / mg.
- In boys before puberty, 47 ng / ml.
- In young men, after puberty, 6-7 ng / ml.
- Adult males 4-4.2 ng / ml.
According to deviations from the norm, the doctor diagnoses the presence of a particular pathology.
What affects the outcome of the study?
What can affect the accuracy of the result by determining the AMG hormone:
- What day of the cycle to take.
- Bad habits.
- Eating food and water.
- Stressed, physical activity.
- Untreated disease.
- Poisoning suffered the day before.
- The use of antibiotics and hormones for a long period of time.
- Wrong collection and storage of material.
After receiving an answer, you need to consult a doctor. No need to draw conclusions yourself.
What are the abnormalities in women
Any deviations of the indicators from the norm indicate a violation of the reproductive organs in women.
Results above the norm are possible in the following cases:
- Lack of ovulation within a few menstrual cycles.
- Polycystic ovary.
- Granular ovarian tumors.
- Congenital pathology of the ovaries.
- Infertility.
- Lag behind the norms of sexual development.
- The result of ongoing antiandrogen therapy.
Results below the norm indicate the presence of such deviations:
- Premature sexual development in a girl.
- The onset of menopause in women.
- Low FSH.
- Ovariotoxic drugs are administered after surgery.
Also, the indicator can be low in the presence of obesity, in the premenopausal period and after suffering severe poisoning.
Deviations in results in men
Consider what low AMH in men means:
- Congenital pathology of testicular development in boys.
- Testicular fibrosis.
- Delayed sexual development.
- The production of male sex hormones is impaired.
- Violation of spermatogenesis.
- Testicular dysgenesis.
Also, AMH levels can decrease with age, due to obesity, early sexual development.
In some cases, the indicator can be increased:
- There is a swelling of the testicles.
- Violation of testosterone production.
- Early puberty.
- Cryptorchidism.
- Congenital pathologies of the structure of the testicles.
- The development of the genital organs in the female type.
The results must be consulted with a doctor to find the cause and begin treatment.
AMG in IVF
As mentioned earlier, most often, in order to find the cause of infertility, AMG level determination is used. When to take on which day of the cycle is critical to determining the exact result.
This analysis is required for IVF.
The hormone should be at least 0.8 ng / ml.
If the woman is tall, then fertilization can take place with her own eggs.
If the indicator is lower than the indicated figure, then the probability that fertilization will occur is very low. Patients with such an indicator, as a rule, at the first stages of in vitro fertilization to drug stimulation have a very weak reaction. If the indicator is close to zero, stimulating the ovaries is useless.
In the process of stimulation, AMG analysis is constantly carried out to prevent hyperstimulation syndrome.
It is necessary to draw up a program for the treatment of infertility, taking into account the analyzes. One of the most important is the analysis of the level of AMH. When to take, on what day of the cycle at the IVF, the gynecologist will tell you. But, as a rule, for 3-5 days. Observe the main conditions:
- Do not overeat on the eve.
- Do not resort to active physical activity.
- Do not drink in an hour or smoke before surrendering.
Compliance with simple recommendations will allow you to successfully pass the analysis.
Some facts about AMG and hormone replacement therapy
Anti-Muller hormone is an indicator of the presence of healthy eggs for fertilization. It is called a marker of the functional reserve of the ovaries. AMH is not controlled by the brain in women, but depends on the functioning of the ovaries. The amount of anti-Muller hormone in that follicle, which will soon prevail, is seen to be reduced.
For males, AMG is of great importance during embryonic development, since the process of reverse development of the Muller ducts occurs. Hormonal drugs have a negative effect on the production of Mueller. This usually leads to early menopause. Menopause can be delayed by hormone therapy.
It is possible to lower AMG artificially. It is impossible to normalize the production of AMG. Correction with hormonal drugs will change the indicator, but will not increase the number of viable eggs. Need to treat the cause. Hormonal drugs only help during the period of their use.
When diagnosing an ovarian tumor, the analysis of the hormone AMH is not primary. After treatment of pathologies of the ovaries, tumors, the level of AMH is normalized. If a woman cannot become pregnant for a long time, an AMG test must also be passed to her partner. AMH level is also determined before chemotherapy, in the treatment of tumors. Correction methods for violation of the level of AMH in the body are not yet fully understood.
It should be noted that in order to maintain hormonal levels in the norm, it is necessary:
- Do not overweight.
- To refuse from bad habits.
- Eat a healthy diet.
- To live an active lifestyle.
Have a checkup regularly. It is very important for women of reproductive age who want to have children, the level of AMH. When to take, on which day of the cycle, pick up with your doctor. Do not miss your chance to become a mother.