Each married couple sooner or later thinks about offspring. Some with conception have no problems, while others have to go a long way in order for their offspring to be born. Worldwide, more than half of couples experience various problems with conception. In one third of cases, the female factor is to blame. The rest is male problems.
How to give birth to a baby with infertility?
A few centuries ago, barren couples had no chance. They had to adopt children or grieve alone. In most cases, such families split up, and the spouses, in the hope of a positive outcome, were looking for other life partners.
Relatively recently, such a concept as IVF in gynecology has appeared. What is it, those families in which unsuccessful attempts to conceive a baby last more than one year probably know. Those who first encounter this term should understand in detail what kind of procedure it is.
What is IVF?
This term has the following interpretation: in vitro fertilization. The name speaks for itself. Conception by this method differs from the classical in that it occurs outside the mother’s body. It is worth noting that the procedure does not give an absolute guarantee that everything will end in childbirth. The physical health of the parents, the hormonal background of the woman, the general condition of the body, and the emotional mood are of great importance. In order to succeed, it is equally important to find an experienced specialist.
During the procedure, it is necessary to take into account many nuances and follow the step-by-step instructions. So, we will understand in detail what is IVF (how does this happen).
In vitro fertilization
It is worth saying that the procedure lasts throughout the entire female cycle. Before conducting a pair, you need to go through a lot of examinations. This is important for drug selection and manipulation tactics. If you are shown IVF pregnancy, what it is, the attending physician will tell you in detail. In vitro fertilization is divided into several stages.
The first step: general preparation of the body
IVF is a fairly serious procedure that requires the use of a large number of hormonal drugs. The doctor must take the work of the female body into his own hands. It is for this that the patient is prescribed taking medications that block the work of the ovaries and the pituitary gland. While taking these funds, you must carefully monitor the reaction of the body.
In some cases, a woman may be recommended to stay in the hospital while the IVF procedure is in progress. How it's done? After passing all the tests and choosing the treatment methodology, the patient is placed under the close supervision of a specialist. The intake of all hormonal drugs is controlled by a blood test, which surrenders almost every day.
It is worth saying that such observation by a specialist is not always required. In most cases, the fair sex is trained on an outpatient basis. From a man in this period of time almost nothing is required. In the event that the partner has problems with reproductive function, he may be recommended to take certain drugs.
Second step: getting eggs
The next stage of the IVF procedure is the cultivation and collection of female material for fertilization. After the patient’s own hormonal background is blocked, the doctor will prescribe medications that stimulate ovulation. Under the influence of these drugs, a woman can grow up to 50 follicles, from which they will subsequently take the necessary material for IVF. How does this happen?
Almost daily, specialists observe the growth of the patient's follicles using an ultrasound machine. Once the cells have reached the required size, a woman is given a puncture. Many are interested in: “IVF - does it hurt?”
If you take the material without anesthesia, then this will certainly be very unpleasant. That is why doctors use mild anesthesia. The patient is placed on a gynecological chair, after which a special drug is injected into her vein. During the procedure, the expectant mother is in a state of sleep. The puncture lasts from 5 to 15 minutes, after which the woman wakes up, and after a few hours she can leave the medical facility.
IVF is a procedure that requires special care. During the puncture, the direction of the needle is monitored by ultrasound. Do not damage the ovaries or fallopian tubes with a tool. After taking the material, the cells are placed in special conditions favorable for their further processing.
Third stage: male role in IVF procedure
Pregnancy ... What is it, probably all couples dreaming of having a baby imagine. For the onset of conception, two cells are necessary: male and female. The in vitro fertilization procedure also requires these components. A man needs to pass sperm to further fertilize her received female cells.
When the doctor receives all the necessary materials for work, he can begin to fertilize. In special tubes selected cells are combined and conception occurs. After this, the embryos should remain in the special conditions created for them for several more days. This time period can last from two to five days.
Final point: transfer of cells to the uterus
When the embryos have reached the necessary stage of development, the doctor will transfer them to the female body. This also happens under mild anesthesia. One to three embryos can be planted at a time. After the manipulation, the woman is recommended to be at rest for several hours, after which she is allowed to leave the medical facility. The patient is prescribed a reception of supporting hormonal agents that help the endometrium become as prepared as possible for implantation.
Also, a woman is recommended to take sedatives and drugs that relieve increased uterine tone. For the next two weeks, the patient is recommended to rest and rest more. It is necessary to exclude any physical activity and, if possible, go on sick leave.
Research and confirmation of pregnancy
Two to three weeks after the procedure, the woman is prescribed an ultrasound scan. In its course, the specialist renders his verdict: pregnancy or not. In case of a positive outcome, the patient must continue to take all the prescribed drugs. If implantation did not take place, then the implanted cells will come out with the next menstruation.
Conclusion
Many people ask: “IVF birth - what is it?” It is worth saying that in most cases such a pregnancy ends in a natural birth. No one is safe from problems during the birth of the baby.
In particularly difficult situations, when two or more embryos have taken root, a cesarean section may be recommended. This will be reported by a doctor who monitors the course of pregnancy. If you have any disputes, contact a specialist. Pregnancy with IVF should be under special control. That is why when registering, inform the doctor about how fertilization was performed.