The city-forming enterprises of Russia play a key role in the economic development of individual administrative-territorial units of the country. A significant, and in many cases the main part of the inhabitants of the settlement is working at such facilities. Let us consider in more detail what a city-forming enterprise is.
General information
It so happened that the socio-economic development of many domestic small and medium-sized cities to a large extent depends on the activities of certain enterprises. Some settlements were founded only because a large factory, plant or other industrial facility was launched on the territory. In modern conditions, the city-forming enterprise can not only provide a stimulating effect on the economic side of the life of the population. In many cases, the economy of the territory, the security of citizens are dependent on such an object.
Thus, it is possible to determine what a city-forming enterprise is. This is such an industrial facility, whose work is crucial in the field of employment, affects social problems and infrastructure. Many professional leaders begin to connect the prospects of their cities with the formation within their territories of not only a certain number of enterprises. Particular attention is paid today to the development of mass medium and small enterprises.
Strategic planning
The direction of economic development of the territory within which the city-forming enterprise operates is reduced to finding opportunities for the revival and reorientation of industrial facilities. If a locality has resources, for example, large, but unused production capacities, it has all the conditions for the formation of a practically new economic base. Along with this, often the inept selfish activity of the authorities or of any influential groups can lead to the theft of resources. In this regard, the work of the local administration and entrepreneurs is of great importance in the development of promising industries. Of course, state regulation plays an important role in solving the tasks set.
Financial provision
There are several support options for single industry towns. One of the main ones is government funding. Such support should be carried out in two directions. First of all, it is supposed to provide the city-forming enterprise with the necessary funds for the development of production itself and the solution of problems in the field of employment of citizens. The second direction is supporting the budgets of settlements to maintain an appropriate level of services.
Events
The implementation of the above tasks is ensured by the implementation of state programs. In particular, a city-forming enterprise may receive:
- Subsidies that offset part of the cost of paying interest on loans.
- Tax deferrals and investment loans for regional fees.
- Guarantees from the state on loans.
Financial support for the budgets of settlements is reduced to the following activities:
- Taking into account the need to provide additional funds in the process of allocating state loans to constituent entities of the Russian Federation from federal funds and subsidies for balancing the budget sphere of the region.
- Development of public-private partnerships. For example, we are talking about the implementation of regional investment projects at the expense of the federal fund in the form of subsidies for co-financing state-owned capital construction projects.
- Providing funds for the implementation of additional programs aimed at reducing tension in the regional labor market, the development of medium and small enterprises, including peasant (farmer) farms.
The list of city-forming enterprises of the Russian Federation
It was adopted by the Russian government. It included industrial facilities, from the activities of which in certain settlements the welfare of the vast majority of the population depends. The list of city-forming enterprises includes:
- OJSC Altai-Koks.
- CJSC "Karabashmed".
- OJSC "SUEK-Kuzbass".
- OJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel.
- OJSC "KamAZ".
- LLC "Zharkovsky DOK".
- OJSC "Rosugol".
- Mechel OAO and others.
Additional development programs
Equally important is the work to stabilize the situation in each locality where the city-forming enterprise operates. Such a development program involves:
- Support for the world of work. In particular, it includes training, retraining, internships, increasing the mobility of citizens to address employment issues. The program provides for the stimulation of the resettlement of residents from problem areas during the liquidation of the city-forming enterprise.
- Restructuring, reprofiling, modernization of production.
- Stimulating demand for products by establishing a priority for city-forming enterprises during the placement of municipal, regional, federal state orders, ceteris paribus.
- Improving the infrastructure of the village. It includes measures to eliminate dilapidated and emergency housing, overhaul of the housing stock, modernization and reconstruction of utilities, sewage treatment and water intake facilities, energy and heat supply facilities.
Additional development programs also include the introduction of energy-saving technologies in the housing and utilities sector and the manufacturing sector.