The current president of Brazil is the 36th in a row since the founding of the presidential republic and the introduction of this post in 1891.
The emergence of the kingdom
Interestingly, until 1889, Brazil was a kingdom. How could a monarchy arise in a Portuguese colony? First, Juan VI in 1806 officially made his capital the South American city of Rio de Janeiro. He thus escaped from Napoleon, who conquered one European country after another. But then, in fact, Brazil was still a colony and only by chance controlled the metropolis. In 1821, the king returned to Portugal, and his son Pedro I remained vice-king of Brazil.
The end of the monarchy and the first president
In the absence of the king in Portugal, the opposition of the absolutists intensified, which demanded the abolition of the monarchy in general. In order to maintain power, Pedro I declares Brazil an independent kingdom, which lasted until the creation of the Presidential Republic of Brazil.
Manuel Dedorou da Fonseca is the first president of Brazil. Coming from a family of military aristocracy, Deodoro da Fonseca in 1886 leads the province of Rio Grande do Sul and becomes the head of the abolitionist (advocating the abolition of slavery) movement. In 1889, he led a military coup, and the monarchy fell, and Deodoro da Fonseca became the head of the interim government. February 26, 1891 he was proclaimed the head of the republic. But the first president of Brazil did not have a development program for the country and could not maintain power. In the same 1891, on November 23, Congress impeached him. In August of the following year, Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca died.
Stages of building a republic
The development time of this largest country in South America after the overthrow of the monarchy is conditionally divided into 5 periods. The first of these is the Old Republic. The time of its existence begins in 1889 and ends in 1930. It is followed by the Era of Vargas - 1930-1945 and the time of the Second Republic - 1946-1964. The military dictatorship, which began in 1964, ends in 1985. The present time, or New Republic, replaced the Military Dictatorship in 1985 and continues to this day.
New times
The period of democratization of society began after the expiration of the reign of the last military president. The first civilian president of Brazil, Tancredo Nevis (1910-1985), was elected to this post by the Electoral Commission, but died before he even took the oath.
The board of the next president, Jose Nevis, was noted by the fact that at the very beginning he legalized ten parties (even the communist party), and, most importantly, under his leadership, a new democratic constitution of the country was developed and adopted on October 5, 1988, which is still valid . According to her, the president of Brazil began to be elected by popular vote. In 1997, the constitution was amended to allow the incumbent president to run for a second term.
Beautiful and influential
The penultimate president of Brazil (photo attached) Luis Inácio Lula da Silva was in power from 2003 to 2011.
And from January 1, 2011, the country was headed by the beautiful Dilma Van Rousseff (Rousseff). The biography of this bright woman is very interesting.
In 2005, she led the administration of da Silva, becoming the first woman in this post in the country's history. And before that, from 2003 to 2005. she was the minister of energy. This was a very difficult part of the economy, since at the end of the second presidential term, Fernando Enrique Cardozo (1995-2003), the country experienced an energy crisis, especially in the southern regions.
Since January 1, 2011, Ms. Rousseff is the President of Brazil. The woman was elected to this post for the first time. In 2011-2012. According to Forbes magazine, Dilma Rousseff was recognized as the third among the most influential women in the world.
Half european woman
The current president of Brazil (photo can be seen in this article) was born in 1947 in the family of a Bulgarian political emigrant. An active member of the Communist Party of Bulgaria Petr Rusev was forced to leave his homeland in 1929. In France, he changed his surname to Rousseff.
After visiting Argentina, Dilma's father settled in Brazil forever, where, after a while, he married a local girl, Dilma Jean Coimbra Silva. In the family of the current president of Brazil, three children grew up. So, Dilma has an older brother Igor and a younger sister, Jean Lucia. All children received a good primary classical education, which included lessons in music (piano) and the study of foreign languages.
Paternal genes
Dilma Van herself, who graduated from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in 1977 with a degree in economics, is fluent in her native Portuguese, French, English and Spanish. The current president of Brazil, whose biography from a young age was associated with revolutionary activity, took up politics after the military coup of 1964. As a result, the lawfully elected 24th president of this country, Juan Gelard, was overthrown and fled abroad.
In his youth, Dilma Rousseff belonged to the radical group of the socialist party, which was called the National Liberation Team. Her goal was an armed struggle against a military dictatorship. The girl herself did not take part in hostilities, but still two years from 1970 to 1972. spent in prison.
Legal politician
In those terrible years, in many countries of Latin America, bloody military dictators were in power. It is impossible and scary to imagine that such a charming and beautiful woman in torture chambers was tortured and beaten. Mrs. Rusef came out of prison a patient. In the future, this courageous woman was engaged only in legal political activity. A fairly significant period of time, Dilma Rousseff was a member of the Democratic Labor Party. But since the 1990s, she joined the Workers Party, in which she worked closely with Luis Inacio Lula da Silva.
And in 2010, she was nominated for president of the country. Her program was fully supported by the then head of state. In the first round of elections, held on October 3, 2010, she gained almost 47% of the vote and outstripped Jose Serra, the representative of the Social Democratic Party. With 56% of the vote in the second round, Dilma Rousseff became the first woman president of the most developed country in South America.
Bright personality and strong woman
What is the name of the President of Brazil, in our country, many know. After all, this country, together with Russia, is included in the BRICS, which is much discussed in the media.
As for his personal life, then Dilma Rousseff was married twice. The only daughter of the President of Brazil, born in a second marriage, recently gave her a grandson.
In 2009, this strong woman managed to defeat a terrible disease - cancer of the lymph nodes. This story, like the scandal with wiretapping her NSA phones, is memorable to everyone. The current president of Brazil, Dilma Rousseff, has two top foreign awards - Spain and Bulgaria.