In this article, the design of the VAZ-2110 car will be considered: the brake system, the main components and mechanisms. You will learn about the general drive circuit, the design of all elements.
General device
The VAZ-2110 brake system is arranged in such a way that the pads are driven by pressure in the tubes. There are two circuits, a special pressure regulator, a vacuum amplifier and a liquid level sensor in the tank. In the event that one circuit fails, the second will remain operational. Of course, braking performance will drop dramatically. It is also worth noting that ventilated brake discs are installed on the front wheels of the “ten” .
Also, the design provides for the presence of a pad wear indicator. Drum brakes are installed on the rear wheels , which are driven by a two-piston cylinder. There is also a mechanism that automatically adjusts the clearance between the drum and brake pads. The basis of the system is a master cylinder mounted on a vacuum amplifier. In the upper part of the GTZ there is an expansion tank, in which a cover with an integrated level sensor is provided.
Brake master cylinder
The VAZ-2110 brake system consists of several nodes, but the main thing is the cylinder, with the help of which the pressure in the tubes increases. In the cylinders, the pistons move sequentially. The one that is closer to the vacuum booster creates pressure in the front right and rear left brakes. The second piston drives the calipers of the left front and right rear brake mechanisms. Please note that the cuffs that are worn on the pistons are the same. They have a diameter of 20.64 mm. But there is a sealing ring that works under low pressure. It is located on the piston, which is closer to the vacuum amplifier. In addition, there is a groove on it.
Vacuum booster
The scheme of the VAZ-2110 brake system provides for a vacuum booster. With it, the effort that is applied to the pedal is increased. A vacuum booster is located between the pedal and the cylinder. Fastening is carried out using two studs. The design does not imply disassembly, therefore, in the event of a breakdown, the device must be immediately replaced with a new one.
To check the vacuum booster, you must turn off the engine and press the brake pedal several times. Then squeeze the pedal to the end, start the engine and pay attention to what happens. If the pedal has gone forward, then the vacuum amplifier is fully operational. Of course, in the event that there are no visible minor defects. It is also worth noting that the device will not function or its effectiveness will decrease significantly if the tightness of the hose connecting it to the exhaust manifold is broken. In the presence of such a defect on the VAZ-2110, the brake system will work weakly.
Pressure regulator
There is a pressure regulator for the rear brakes. It is attached with a bracket to the car body on the left rear side. Moreover, one of the bolts mounts the fork bracket of the regulator drive. The holes are oval. Due to this, the bracket can move near the regulator. In this case, the force acting on the piston of the mechanism changes.
When the load on the rear of the car increases, a certain force acts on the lever. In this case, it is transmitted to the piston. When you press the brake pedal, the fluid in the system tries to push the piston out. But this is prevented by the effort that acts from the lever. Then, the brake system is balanced. No braking force is applied to the rear axle. As a result, the rear wheels are not allowed to lock. The VAZ-2110 brake system diagram demonstrates how fluid flows through tubes.
When there is an increase in the load on the rear axle, the wheels and the road have a maximum degree of traction. Using the regulator, more pressure is supplied to the rear wheel cylinders. When the load on the rear wheels decreases, the pressure becomes lower. On the case there is a small hole that is closed with a plug. If you find fluid leakage from there, then there is a leak in the o-rings.
How to replace the master cylinder
To ensure access to the cylinder, remove the trim in the engine compartment. For this, three self-tapping screws on the VAZ-2110 are twisted. The brake system, the faults of which are discussed in the article, is hidden under this upholstery. It is worth noting that there is no need to completely remove it. It is enough to bend a little. After gaining access to the cylinder, it is necessary to disconnect the liquid level sensor. Then you need to unscrew the cap from the expansion tank. With a pear or a syringe, pump out all the liquid. Then unscrew the pipe fittings from the cylinder. Take them away.
Now you can unscrew the two nuts, with the help of which the GTZ is mounted to the housing of the vacuum amplifier. Remove the cylinder with the expansion tank. To dismantle the latter, just pry it with a screwdriver. The brake master cylinder is installed in the reverse order. In this case, it is absolutely necessary to pump the system. However, almost any repair of the VAZ-2110 brake system ends with pumping.
How to remove a vacuum booster
As in the previous section, remove the upholstery. You will also need to dismantle the pads mounted on the windshield. To ensure that air does not enter the hydraulic system, it is not necessary to disconnect the tubes from the GTZ. Then unscrew the two nuts that secured the cylinder to the body of the brake booster. Take the GTZ to the front of the car - try not to break the brake pipes.
After that, disconnect the hose from the intake manifold. Then we move to the salon, disconnect the wires, and then unscrew the four nuts that secured the brake pedal bracket. Now you can remove the brake booster with the pedal.
How to replace the front pads
The braking system of the VAZ-2110 is quite reliable, but the pads are still erased over time. To replace them, you will need to hang out the front wheels. Remove the wheel, and then bend the edge of the plate, with the help of which the lower bolt fixing the caliper to the hub is fixed. Next, unscrew the bolt, using a screwdriver, lift the caliper assembly up. Now you can easily pull out the pads. Note that installing new ones will be problematic, as the piston is in the extended state. It must be pressed with the gas key until it stops.
If there is no suitable key, it is necessary to install an external block. After this, the caliper must be lowered to its initial position and the mounting blade between the disc and piston is installed. With its help, the latter is pressed into the caliper. Assembly of the unit should be carried out in the reverse order.
Replacing the rear pads
To determine the condition of the rear pads, you do not need to disassemble the entire mechanism. For this, a special viewing window is provided. It is necessary to pull out the plug from it, after which you can determine what thickness the pads have. Note that a minimum thickness of one and a half millimeters is allowed. On a VAZ-2110 car, the brake system is made according to the standard scheme, a similar one is used on most cars.
First, you need to hang out and remove the rear wheel. Secondly, loosen the parking brake cable, unscrew the pins and, while turning the brake drum, apply light blows to the end using a small hammer. After that, you can remove the drum. Using a screwdriver, you must disconnect the upper spring, then the guide and the bottom. After that, you need to disengage the tip of the parking brake cable. Then the cotter pin is removed from the axis of the parking brake lever. Next, you can install new pads in the reverse order.
Conclusion
It is not difficult to repair if you know how the VAZ-2110 brake system works. For all events you will need a standard set of tools and just one special key for 8 crimp type. In stores, it is called a "brake pipe wrench." With its help, it is easy to unscrew the fittings.