Tooth extraction is an operative measure, therefore this procedure always has a risk of complications. The reason for this may be a medical error, or non-compliance with the rules of oral care. The treatment of gum disease after tooth extraction is described in the article.
Normal wound healing
A healthy restoration of the gums after tooth extraction involves the formation of a blood clot that protects the wound from infection. This blood clot should not be removed. Gum recovery after this procedure will begin on 3-4 days.
If during the session there were additional traumatic interventions (tooth decay, the need to cut the gums), but healing may take a week or more. Usually there is severe inflammation after the removal of the wisdom tooth. In some patients, after a few days, a dense white film appears in an empty hole, which is considered a natural reaction of the body, this is protection against pathogens. This film should not be removed.
The gum may be slightly swollen, bleeding and inflamed, this condition persists for 1-2 hours after the procedure. The healing process depends on the depth of intervention, the location of the focus of the operation, the presence of dental problems and other features of the body. It is important to monitor the condition of the gums after tooth extraction is completed. If there are any deviations from the norm, you must contact a specialist.
Effects
Gum disease after tooth extraction is quite common. After the operation, the appearance of:
- alveolitis;
- periostitis;
- periodontitis;
- gum injury with tooth fragments;
- dental paresis.
Each ailment has its own symptoms and treatment features. But with any of them, a person has unpleasant sensations. Timely help will eliminate pain, inflammation, and also prevent negative consequences.
Alveolitis is called gum disease after tooth extraction, and it is localized in an empty hole. There is redness, swelling, "jerking" pain. Probably an increase in temperature, weakness, malaise. Alveolitis happens:
- serous;
- purulent;
- hypertrophic.
First there is pain in an empty hole, swelling, swelling. Then gum redness, weakness and malaise, hyperthermia will join.
Periostitis is called inflammation, in which the periosteum of the tooth is affected (popularly referred to as a flux). With periodontitis, the shell of the tooth root and gums is affected. The submandibular lymph nodes increase, the cheek swells and swells, a throbbing pain appears, and the temperature rises.
If there are fragments of a tooth that is not completely removed in the gum, inflammation of the traumatic appearance occurs. Dental paresis (numbness) for a short time is a physiological norm, but when the condition lasts for several months, the patient needs medical attention.
Causes of inflammation
Normally, the hole is filled with a blood clot. Gradually, it changes color from red to yellowish white, the reason for this is the release of fibrin. A clot cannot be removed because it can lead to secondary bleeding. Inflammation can occur with:
- Dividing a tooth into segments when the doctor removes it in parts.
- Curvature of the roots.
- Destruction of the root under the crown.
- Damaged gums during tooth extraction.
- Poor processing of instruments, due to which the infection penetrates the gum.
- The presence of small cysts in the hole.
- Emergence of caries - a source of the appearance and reproduction of harmful microorganisms.
- ARVI. If the molar was removed during this period, then gum inflammation usually occurs. To prevent this, it is advisable to perform operations after recovery.
- Violation of the rules of procedure.
- Incorrectly selected anesthesia.
- The presence in the hole of the roots after the procedure.
- Weak immunity.
For these reasons, gum disease occurs after the removal of a wisdom tooth and ordinary teeth. Moreover, this phenomenon occurs both in children and in adults. Timely assistance helps to eliminate painful manifestations in a short time.
Symptoms
The following symptoms indicate gum inflammation after tooth extraction:
- Bleeding of a wound that does not disappear even with cold compresses.
- Redness, swelling, pain do not disappear 5-7 days after the procedure.
- There is a putrid odor from the oral cavity.
- A periodic throbbing sharp pain appears.
- Tumor of the cheek, discharge of pus from the wound.
- The fibrous film turns greenish, gray or brown.
- Numbness of the jaw and cheeks is observed. In this case, a person needs urgent outpatient treatment.
These signs cause severe discomfort that requires quick elimination. For any symptoms, treatment for gum disease after tooth extraction is required. This will avoid complications that usually occur if help is not provided in a timely manner.
Precaution
Before performing the operation, the dentist usually interviews the patient about the presence of chronic diseases that cause poor blood clotting and prolonged wound healing. These include diabetes and hemophilia.
The risk of complications after surgery appears in people who are constantly taking blood thinners. To exclude negative consequences, the doctor must perform the procedure in compliance with hygiene standards. And a person after tooth extraction must adhere to the recommendations for oral care provided by a specialist.
Traditional treatment
The easiest way to treat gum disease is after a dentist’s tooth extraction. The doctor can perform curettage - a procedure in which the hole is scraped out and sanitation is performed. An antiseptic swab is placed on the wound. With periostitis (flux, abscess), surgical intervention is necessary. Rotting foci are opened under local anesthesia, medication is performed using anti-inflammatory, analgesic drugs, antibacterial drugs are prescribed.
How is gum treated after tooth extraction if periodontitis is detected? In this case, we need complex therapy with the use of systemic, local medications that have analgesic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic effects. The fragments that have broken off during the operation are removed surgically. If paresis does not go away for a long time, the patient needs the help of a neurologist.
Medicines
How to relieve gum inflammation after tooth extraction? In dentistry, the following medicines are used to eliminate an unpleasant symptom:
- Macrolide antibiotics - Azitral, Sumamed, as well as fluoroquinolones - Sparfloxacin, Levofloxacin. Antibiotics for gum disease after tooth extraction are effective.
- Rinses, applications, baths with antiseptics - “Chlorhexidine”, “Stomatidine”. Procedures should be performed at least 3 times a day after meals. Pharmacy products are supplemented with home-made compositions - decoctions of chamomile, calendula, sage, which gives the best effect.
- When severe pain occurs, prescribe Ketanova and Tempalgin tablets.
Each preparation is accompanied by an instruction that must be read before performing treatment. And you must use the medicine after the permission of a specialist. Such funds can get rid of purulent inflammation of the gums after tooth extraction. The traditional treatment of inflammation includes physiotherapeutic procedures - the use of a helium-neon laser, a course of fluctuation.
Microwave exposure improves the flow of exudate during suppuration, and the Ural Federal District is able to provide quick restoration of soft tissues. Properly performed treatment allows the hole to recover in 10 days. And inflammation finally disappears in 2 weeks.
With fibrosing alveolitis, antioxidants are used, cytostatics are used, and with special indications, hormonal treatment (glucocorticosteroids) is prescribed. To eliminate excessive secretion of saliva and get rid of mucus flowing down the throat, bronchodilators can help, and anticoagulants can cope with increased blood coagulation.
First aid
How to treat gum disease after tooth extraction? Eliminate minor gingivitis at home. This is permitted when there are no symptoms of suppuration and the patient is aware of the body's response to medications. Painkillers can eliminate pain - Ketanov, Dolaren, Solpadein, Analgin.
To reduce the risk of unpleasant symptoms after surgery, do not immediately remove the swab embedded in the hole. For 1-2 hours, you need to refuse food. If prolonged bleeding continues, then it will be possible to improve the condition of the gums with a cold compress, for example, an ice cube.
Although treatment involves rinsing, such procedures must be done carefully (it is important not to remove the blood clot). On the first day after surgery, it is advisable to abandon such procedures, on the second it is required to use an antiseptic solution or a decoction of herbs created independently.
Massage
Massage for gum disease after tooth extraction is an effective measure. Makes his patient alone at home. Self-massage is performed with your finger, as this reduces the risk of tissue injury.
Carrying out massage on the gums after tooth extraction is recommended if there is no repeated inflammation. With alveolitis, it is not allowed to perform, the doctor can prescribe it, but then the event should be carried out according to the strict instructions of a specialist.
During the massage, the effect on the gums is performed, while it is impossible to touch the area of the extracted tooth. The procedure has the following advantages:
- With it, blood circulation improves, and as a result, the wound in the gum hole heals faster than without massage. So it turns out to prevent pathological consequences.
- The disinfecting and analgesic effect is provided when using antibacterial, analgesic gels and pastes.
- Massage reduces tissue swelling, eliminates discomfort.
- When installing drainage in the gums after tooth extraction, the massage will remove excess blood and pus from the gums.
- The procedure removes harmful components from the tissue, preventing stagnation in the tissues.
- By improving the condition of the gums, a positive effect on the teeth is provided. Performing this procedure regularly is great for caries prevention.
In doubt, massage can be in the following cases:
- When tooth extraction was performed through the gum. Then about the feasibility of massage, you should ask your doctor. After a gum incision, there is a risk of seams diverging, which increases the recovery time.
- If after the procedure on the gum exostosis, massage should be performed after consultation with the dentist. Such formations must be removed, usually surgical intervention is required.
- If the extraction of the tooth under the gum was performed, during the massage it is necessary not to affect the areas where the extraction was performed.
Folk remedies
Treatment of gum disease after tooth extraction at home is performed using folk remedies. With them, it will turn out to eliminate the unpleasant symptoms that may be after the procedure. At the same time, all products are natural and absolutely safe. Effective recipes are presented below.
Sage (1 tbsp.) Is steamed with boiling water (250 ml). The composition is left for an hour to insist, wrapped in a towel. The resulting product must be filtered, and then you can gently rinse (every 2-3 hours). The procedure reduces pain, the hole is delayed after 2 weeks.
The hole is lubricated with useful compounds that relieve inflammation, accelerate healing, and relieve pain:
- Oil of cloves, tea tree and liquid vitamins A, E (20 drops each) must be mixed, and then add cayenne pepper (pinch). In the finished medicine, a cotton swab should be moistened, and then applied to the sore spot.
- Baking soda should be moistened with water (until a paste is obtained), applied to the inflamed gum.
Folk remedies help many people. Simple procedures eliminate unpleasant symptoms, accelerate healing of the gums.
Prevention
Judging by the photo, gum inflammation after tooth extraction is not a very pleasant sight, we will not apply them for aesthetic reasons. Therefore, it is better not to bring the matter to inflammation and to prevent blood poisoning. Treatment rinses should not be abused so that a blood clot does not wash out. For the healing period, do not eat too hot and cold food. Do not touch the hole with your fingers, clean it with toothpicks or other objects.
If you experience symptoms of sepsis (acute gum pain, a sharp change in temperature, severe swelling of the cheek), you should seek medical help. Such a lesion can be fatal.
Thus, tooth extraction is a surgical procedure, which, due to the lack of professionalism of a doctor or non-compliance with hygiene standards, can lead to serious complications. Appropriate treatment of inflammation quickly improves the condition, eliminating unpleasant symptoms.