SDA of Russia is constantly being modified and supplemented. In 2013, the most controversial and debated were changes in driving permits. A new category M has been introduced, allowing you to control light quadricycles and mopeds. That is why all car owners are so interested in the features of its receipt or discovery in existing documents.
Where and how to get rights?
As you know, a car is not a luxury at all, but an optimal means of transportation. Especially if the work is a few kilometers from home. In addition, the requirements on some job seekers were changed in the labor market and one more thing was added to the list of requirements - car ownership. Accordingly, the need for a driver’s license has increased.
Demand creates supply, therefore, driving schools nowadays actively carry out training. And the class schedule can be found quite convenient even for a working person. When choosing a driving school you need to proceed solely from personal preferences and convenience.
Category A, M and any other can be assigned to a driver who has completed a practical and theoretical course at a state-accredited school. This is the first moment - check the documents of the institution.
To avoid possible troubles, immediately upon conclusion of the contract specify all the important and interesting points: the number of theoretical and practical classes, the total cost of training, the start time of classes, the possibility of practice on weekends, etc.
Understand the categories
According to the federal law of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2013 under the number 92-F3, some changes were made in the establishment of categories and subcategories of vehicles. Among them are:
- Category A and A1. Owners can safely ride all types of motorcycles.
- Category B and B1, BE. This legislation includes cars with less than eight seats and weighing up to 3.5 tons, as well as tricycles and quadricycles.
- Category C, CE and C1, C1E. With these rights, you can drive cars with a total mass of over 3.5 tons. In addition, C1 is limited to cars with a maximum mass of up to 7.5 tons.
- Category D, DE, D1 and D1E. With these cars you can carry out passenger transportation with the number of seats from 8 to 16.
- Category Tm and Tb. If available, you can manage trams and buses, respectively.
- Category M. Permits to drive mopeds and light quadricycles.
How is training in a driving school?
As a rule, the process of obtaining rights to any type of transport takes about 2.5-3 months. To enter any driving school in the Russian Federation, you must first go through a medical commission. In addition, only persons over the age of 16-18 are accepted.
Initially, a theory training takes place in a driving school. Traffic rules, vehicle structure and first aid skills are being studied. It takes several weeks.
The next stage for any category, including the rights of category M, is practice on the appropriate mode of transport. This includes riding not only in closed areas, but also leaving for the city. At the same time, educational driving is prohibited on various highways, residential areas or courtyards, as well as on roads marked with the signs "Road for cars", and in other prohibited areas designated by the traffic police.
The last and most important stage is the passing of internal and external exams. As a rule, they are the same in a driving school, and in MREO. Exams consist of two stages - theory and practice. Tests can be taken an unlimited number of times, but on the second attempt they become paid.
Features of obtaining rights to category M
In accordance with the laws of the Russian Federation, every citizen can get rights to any type of transport if he meets the selection criteria by age and physical condition.
Those who have reached the full sixteen years of age can pass to the category M. You can start training if 16 is not yet fulfilled, but no more than 2 months are left before your birthday. The main thing is that at the time of passing theoretical and practical exams, the cherished age was already.
You can study at any institution licensed by the state, for example, at a driving school or a car club. At the same time, a special contract is concluded in which all the nuances of future work and interaction are prescribed.
A first-time citizen must take a theoretical course and also master the practical skills of driving a moped or scooter. In this case, it is not necessary to have your own vehicle. You can get category M on a training moped.
Driver certification is carried out most often in the local traffic police department. First, tests for theory are passed, and then - directly the practice of driving.
If all the steps are completed, then after a while the driver will be granted new rights.
How to get category M, if there is a right to another category?
Although the law on amendments to the SDA was adopted in 2013, there is practically no exact and developed basis for its implementation. This applies specifically to obtaining rights to category M.
Now they are just starting to develop training programs, prepare the material base and special by-laws. However, it has already become known that those who already have rights to any category, category M opens automatically.
Therefore, experienced drivers should not worry about the need for retraining and extra time and money. A traffic inspector only needs to show his current rights. Those who were deprived of the ability to drive a car will have to re-pass both the theory and practice of driving.
Documents required for category M in a driving school
In order to become a full-fledged student in a driving school, you must meet the criteria of age and health. In addition, a completely standard package of documents is required for the M driver license category:
- Passport.
- Special certificate of medical examination. It contains the conclusions of such doctors as a therapist, ophthalmologist, surgeon, otolaryngologist, narcologist and psychotherapist.
- Certificate of completion of courses in a driving school (if available).
- Existing rights to any other category.
After presenting all these documents, the training system is negotiated and a special contract is concluded between the student and the driving school. It is worth reading it carefully and discussing absolutely all disputed issues.
What documents are needed in the traffic police?
After passing the internal exams, you can proceed to the most important stage. In any local branch of the traffic police, as well as when entering a driving school, a package of documents is provided. Most of them are prepared and transmitted in advance by the licensed institution itself.
Personally, an examiner in order to obtain a category of driver’s license M brings to the STSI only a passport and a driver’s license obtained earlier. And the following documents are provided by a driving school:
- A statement signed earlier by the student.
- Document confirming the current registration of the driver.
- Medical certificate and its photocopy.
- A document confirming the passage of training and passing exams.
- State duty receipt.
After the submission of all of the above documents, the traffic police responsible appoint the exact place, date and time of the exam.
How to behave in the traffic police?
So, all the internal exams passed. Ahead is only the most crucial step - an exam in the state inspection. Compared to previous checks, this is one of the most important and crucial steps. Indeed, not only knowledge and driving skills play a role here, but also the excitement of the future driver. And, alas, not everyone can cope with this.
Before you pass on the rights of category M, you must fulfill the following requirements:
- Calm down. In this case, it is better not to take any sedative sedative drugs. This can affect the speed of your reaction and the final outcome of the change.
- To be engaged. This should be done throughout the entire period of classes, and not on the penultimate day. Remember that you do not need knowledge to pass the exam, but to prevent accidents on the road.
- Learn the rules, not specific tickets. All knowledge should help on the road, even in stressful situations.
What does a new M license look like?
With changes in the legislation of the rules on road safety and some other regulatory acts, driver's documents have also been modified. Previously, these were the rights of the European standard with a size of 86 * 54 mm indicating personal data and categories.
Now, several significant innovations have been added, for example:
- Unique barcode with personal information.
- Microtext with the inscription "Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia" and "Driving License".
- Special Oryol effect, providing sharp color transitions without displacements, gaps and line overlays.
- A color-changing element that varies depending on the angle of inclination.
- The numbering of rights is performed using UV radiation.
- Added category M in rights, as well as its validity.
- All information is read in UV and IR radiation.
As you can see, the new driver’s license is endowed with all possible degrees of protection. In addition, they are quite small in size, and are also protected from moisture and damage by lamination.
International law: necessary or not?
This question certainly interests people who often travel abroad. As you know, in Europe and most of the civilized countries the optimal means of transportation is not a car, but a bicycle, or a small moped, or a scooter.
Therefore, a perfectly reasonable question arises: "Does category M, open in Russia, operate on the territory of other states?" After all, this vehicle, like any other, can be rented for short or long term.
There are no problems if you received your driver’s license after March 2011. According to the law, all documents after that moment were brought to international standards, which allows you to travel almost freely across Europe on a moped or scooter.
But if you still want to acquire international rights, then you should contact the local traffic police department, hand over the standard package of papers and pay the state fee. It does not take much time and effort. International rights to category M will allow you not to worry about translations and any other problems with documents.
How often does a moped or scooter need to be inspected?
For any vehicle, its physical condition is important, because the life of the driver and random passers-by directly depends on this. And this applies not only to the car, tram or bus. Driving category M also forces even a small moped or scooter to undergo regular inspection.
According to the current Russian legislation, such a vehicle must be shown to an expert annually. In addition, it is necessary to additionally issue a compulsory insurance policy for 6 months or for a year.
Be careful on the roads, have a good trip!