According to current legislation, manufacturers must confirm the quality of products, as well as their safety for consumers. For this, special bodies carry out the necessary measures, and, based on the results, issue an appropriate document. The procedure is called "certification". It can be carried out on a mandatory and voluntary basis. It depends on the type of product or service. In the article we will talk about what constitutes mandatory certification.
The concept
So, certification is a procedure in which the declared properties and characteristics of goods or services are confirmed for their compliance with established requirements. Actions can be performed by a body independent of consumers and producers. This is a company that is authorized to conduct such events. To do this, she must receive accreditation. After the completion of activities and with a positive assessment, she issues a certificate.
This procedure must be distinguished from various kinds of examinations, checks and other actions. In this case, it is directly about confirming the conformity of goods or services to a certain number of parameters.
There are voluntary and mandatory certification.
Benefits
It is believed that thanks to this institution, it is possible to sell products and provide services at better prices. Clearance of customs documents is also easier, there is an opportunity to participate in tenders and receive orders of state and departmental levels.
After the certification procedure is completed, the company becomes more attractive to investors. State authorities and regulatory authorities, in turn, also consider such products with great confidence. But the main thing, probably, is an increase in demand from consumers.
Mandatory certification
This procedure is implemented in Russia for the purpose of technical control aimed at protecting consumers and increasing the safety of products and services for life and health, as well as to improve quality.
Mandatory certification applies to various objects in accordance with applicable law in Russia. The basic information that is relied upon during the implementation of the procedure is contained in the Law on Technical Regulation. But the legislation in this area is very dynamic. Therefore, it is periodically improved, changing to bring the positions of Russia closer and the conditions put forward by foreign partners.
Special Regulatory Regulation
Unless otherwise provided by law, the described procedure is carried out to fulfill the requirements of the Technical Regulations. The functioning of some facilities for which a certificate is required is sometimes regulated by a special regulatory act. This happens when the requirements for products are so unique and important in meaning that they cannot meet the unified conditions of the general above-mentioned law. So, for example, the procedure for the supervision of atomic and nuclear facilities is not subject to this act. Special laws are issued for these types of activities.
Due to the fact that there were no Technical regulations that were in force, the government approved laws according to which the requirements for obtaining a certificate were established even before the Technical Regulations were developed in various fields. So there appeared sixteen mandatory systems that operate at different facilities and require confirmation of compliance with risks.
In Russia and the Customs Union
The main certification system in Russia is GOST R. Within its framework, the conformity of goods with established documentation, as well as safety and quality, which are established in accepted standards, sanitary standards and other regulatory acts, is confirmed. The government establishes a list.
Mandatory product certification, in addition to the GOST R system, if necessary, the presentation of goods and services to Belarus and Kazakhstan, is made for the Customs Union. Consider these systems in more detail.
Product certification under GOST R
A government decree approves a list of mandatory certification of goods. The changing situation dictates its own rules and regulations. Therefore, the products subject to the mandatory certification procedure are changing. The list of goods contained in the Government Decree applies not only to domestic, but also imported from abroad.
Obligatory certification of products is carried out in an organization that has received accreditation to conduct this activity according to a certain scheme, which is acceptable for a group of goods. Typically, the procedure includes testing in a special laboratory. It should be equipped with all the necessary equipment for this. And, of course, specialists of appropriate qualifications should work in the organization.
Certification of services under GOST R
The law does not provide for a mandatory procedure for the provision of services. However, in practice, there are frequent cases when voluntary certification becomes necessary for a more successful business. It may be needed if:
- the company's services move to a new level (if, for example, a hotel is assigned a new star or beauty salons, hairdressers, restaurants and other establishments acquire additional capacity);
- a license is required to conduct certain activities;
- the company intends to participate in competitions or tenders organized by government agencies and large corporations.
This procedure is also carried out by the relevant accredited bodies. In this case, laboratory tests, of course, cannot be discussed. Here other methods are used by which the conformity of the products is confirmed. These may include customer surveys, expert assessments as a result of incognito services and more.
Mandatory certification of goods within the Customs Union
This type is necessary when legislative acts are applied to the presented products, including the following:
- The decision of the CCC under number 229. It prescribes the need for mandatory sanitary certification and contains the list that is needed for this.
- The decision of the CCC under number 620. It also establishes products subject to mandatory certification with a specific list.
- Technical regulations of the vehicle. According to them, in relation to certain documents, the national procedure for conducting the procedure is terminated. Instead, certification begins within the framework of the TS.
The procedure is carried out in special laboratories. Moreover, in addition to having accreditation within the country, they should be included in the register of participants in the certification of vehicles. Then the laboratory has the right to issue documents or conduct tests to confirm compliance with the requirements of the vehicle.