One of the sharpest cornerstones of the section of modern pedagogy that sets out the general methods of teaching (didactics) and pedagogical psychology is the relationship between development and learning.
Analyzing a large amount of theoretical information on this issue, as a practical example, we can use the experience of the rapidly developing direction of additional education called children's animation.
Border guards at the blackboard
In just two letters of the abbreviation of the software, there are entire law enforcement agencies, border detachments, production associations, legal and software, and much more. Speaking on pedagogical topics, one cannot do without educational software - the learning process.
That is what is called the unbroken sequence of certain actions to teach someone else. Its subjects are the learner and learner. And to understand the mechanism of this process, the following is important: when some element of the educational material is assimilated, all other elements of the learning process change. One of its states goes into another. Dynamically changing both the content and purpose of education, the motives of the student and teacher, the tools used and the intended results.
Pedagogy believes: talking about learning is possible when the student’s educational and cognitive work is organized and stimulated, aimed at gaining knowledge and mastering skills. In parallel, the ethical (moral) views of the emerging personality are determined and the creative abilities of the learner are revealed.
And if we recall the software, then the teachers are the same border guards who die for the souls of children at the borders of light and darkness, education and ignorance, order and chaos.
Children's animation is tricky
You can’t call it simple, because the software here is very diverse. To illustrate, let us turn to the works of E.R. Tikhonova - not just a pioneer-practitioner of this movement from the Novosibirsk film studio "Search", but also one of very few Russian theoreticians in this field.
Animation software for children provides large-scale knowledge of cinema (fiction, documentary, popular science and, of course, animation). Young animators learn not just some narrow skills. During the work on the film, they act as a screenwriter, director, artist, cameraman, illuminator, editor, sound engineer, film critic, etc.
Due to such a diverse field of manifestations, the creative abilities of children are revealed most deeply.
With regard to ethics, it is believed: knowledge of the visual language acquired in the process of such software allows the child, who will already mature tomorrow and become independent, not to consume a flurry of images without any criticality, undergoing not always useful, but often powerful influences. Cartoon educators promise to teach how to evaluate and choose information (both visible and sound) and to liberate the thinking of a young filmmaker.
Educational trinity
It will be about the educational, educational and developmental functions of training.
In order for the student’s personality to be revealed and fully socialized, the learning process must fulfill three tasks. This trio of functions has developed historically:
- educational;
- educational;
- developing.
The high-quality fulfillment of the educational function ensures the mastery of the learner's skills and the acquisition of experience in creative activity.
The results of educational activities are evaluated according to the following criteria:
- the degree of ability of the student to follow the norms of behavior accepted in society;
- what is his system of views on the surrounding reality;
- level of morality of a person;
- how her aesthetic tastes are formed.
When considering the developing function of the learning process, attention is paid to progress in such areas as:
- speech development;
- better thinking;
- the formation of the motivational-need component;
- sensory-motor activity;
- development of emotional and volitional qualities.
Young animators are educated, educated, developed
Pupils emerging today in a large number of children's studios have the opportunity to satisfy their urgent need - to do everything with their own hands. And the experience of creative activity gained during the creation of full-fledged works of art with the help of many others used exclusively for playing and spending time at the computer, they should not occupy.
The formation of taste is facilitated by a whole trend in children's animation software - an aesthetic attitude to the world. And the socialization of children who constantly participate in festivals, competitions, film screenings, conduct premieres of their own films and presentations of film projects, master classes for peers, gives consistently high rates.
The developing learning function is realized when focusing on subjects such as stage speech and stage movement. The filmmaker is a man behind the scenes. But this statement is not about children. In order to properly sound the film, you need to speak correctly, beautifully, expressively and convincingly. The ability to get used to the character’s role, mastering his plastic, will not only help to show the correct memorable movement on the screen, but also teach you to be “in the shoes” of another. Quality is where as useful.
Three birds race smoothly if everyone moves together
Preparing for each training lesson, the teacher, figuratively speaking, harnesses without fail all three horses of the described functions into a single harness of the lesson, which will bring the wards to a place called “Growth. Harmony. Basic culture. ”
Three inextricably linked educational, educational and developmental, learning functions are implemented by many components of the process:
- the whole range of tasks of the lesson;
- content (training material);
- teacher method system;
- his special tricks;
- specific forms and means of training.
The triune goal is achievable if the requirements for each of the three functions are met.
The instructions for the fulfillment of the educational learning function include the following list of tasks that are especially noteworthy:
- to form positive motives of study and cognition in the subject of education;
- stimulate interest, creative initiative, student activity;
- develop emotions, feelings, attention, thinking, memory;
- consider, while studying, the subjective characteristics of each student;
- encourage continuous qualitative changes in the growth process of students.
Cinema - team work
In animation, the developing learning function is realized when the process is oriented not so much towards obtaining diplomas and prizes, attention to the young talent of the public and the media, but rather motivation and activity. This is facilitated by groups of different ages in children's animation studios, where older students share their experiences and offer help to younger ones. And those, in turn, seek to gain credibility by exerting maximum zeal and mobilizing all their imagination.
Cinema is a collective form of creativity in the case of child creators to an even greater extent than in adults. The ability to work in a team, especially for gifted children who are bright in their manifestations, is another achievement of the developing function of animation training.
Queen of the 21st Century
Education in the 21st century is not aimed at putting as much knowledge as possible into the heads of students. The same third function appears on the scene. The priority is to achieve the development of the student, and in different directions:
- mental activity;
- classification;
- ability to observe and draw conclusions;
- analysis;
- the ability to highlight important features and compare;
- determination of the purpose and methods of activity;
- skills in verifying the results.
Any study in itself develops. However, speaking about the learning process, it is noted that the developing function of learning is fully realized only if the entire course of education is specifically aimed at developing the personality by selecting appropriate content and a new approach to organizing classes from the point of view of didactics.
And if education as a whole recognizes its developmental function as the queen of today, then in animated education children's animation may well claim this role.
It is in it that the developing function of learning is realized as fully as possible. Animation synthesizes the work of a writer, actor, director, master of fine arts, musician and expert on technical innovations. All of the above is included in the studio program. No wonder the number of their graduates and “recruits” is growing in modern Russia year by year.