In the grammar of the Russian language, there are various characteristics of the sentence. One of them is an indication of complicating elements. So, sentences with common appeals are sentences with complications.
Offer Description
When parsing a sentence, it is necessary to determine the part of the speech of all words in the sentence, to identify which members of the sentence they are.
At the final stage of the analysis, it is necessary to characterize the proposal:
- The purpose of the statement.
- Emotional coloring.
- Grammar basis (one or more).
- Minor members (present or absent).
- The presence of the necessary members.
- The presence of complicating elements.
Complicating Constructs
The implementation of paragraph 6 requires knowledge of complicating constructions.
These are isolated members, introductory words, homogeneous members,
comparative turns, clarifying members, appeals. An example of sentences with appeals and introductory words:
Yuri, when do you think the broadcasting of sporting events will begin? I think, Valya, you should not stay here. Ivan, apparently, you rested in Cyprus?More details on how the proposal may be complicated can be found in the table below.
Complicators of offers| Complicator | Example |
| Isolated members | A plant grown in the south can die in the harsh climate of the north. Opening the window , she smelled cherry blossoms from the garden. |
| Introductory words and phrases | In the spring, perhaps , we will go camping. According to researchers , the artifact found is more than 5 thousand years old. |
| Homogeneous members | Children gathered plum, apples and cherries . On the seashore, students played ball, swam on a banana, sunbathe in the sun. |
| Comparative speed | A breeze, like a warm motherβs shawl , enveloped her shoulders. Like the prickly needles of a hedgehog , the grass pounded in the field. |
| Qualifying members | In the north, in the Arctic National Park , polar bears live. Last year, in April , he brought a motorcycle. |
| Appeals | Kolya , where does the narwhal live? Nikitin , go to the post office. |
Conversion is part of a complicated sentence: intonation
Offers in which there are appeals have a number of differences. They are pronounced with a special vocal, ascending-descending intonation. If the appeal is part of an incentive sentence, then the main semantic load is divided between the appeal and the verb. If the appeal is included in the interrogative sentence, then the emphasis falls on the appeal. An example of offers with appeals: Klim, bring documents on the sale of equipment. Son, let's not indulge in breaks. Where are my sketches, Nadia? Daughter, how to get to the library? There are motivational-interrogative sentences, where there are two main logical stresses: Tell me, Dmitry, how did you manage to achieve success?
Conversion is part of a complicated sentence: grammatical features
In the sentence, the appeal is introduced in the nominative case. Sometimes, especially in colloquial speech, appeals may not be in the nominative case. For example: Have you, in a tunic, paid for the fare? Hey, in a straw hat, did you ask permission?
Appeals are usually nouns (often proper names): Mom, take me with you. Eugene, be prudent!
At times, the names are adjectives, pronouns, numerals, participles. An example of sentences with appeals not expressed by a noun, but as one: Young, go to the registrar. Eh, you done things! Sixth, to the battle! Dancing, pay attention to the rhythm.
Being a construction that complicates the sentence, the treatment is highlighted with commas. If the appeal begins the sentence, then after it it is necessary to put a comma: Uncle, where did you serve?
If it is in the middle of the sentence, it stands out with commas on both sides: You tell me, Volga, where the winds blow.
If the appeal completes the sentence, then a comma is needed before it: Repeat the whole word for word, Lisa.
In cases where a particularly strong excretory intonation is needed, an exclamation mark may appear after treatment: Friends! Let's meet more often.
If the appeal is accompanied by an intonation of understatement, then after the appeal the ellipsis is put: Kat ... Look at me! Given the features of the use of appeals, it is possible to draw up a proposal with an appeal without any difficulties.
Common appeal
If next to a noun reference is a definition expressed by the participle, the name is an adjective, possessive pronoun, then the reference will be widespread. Suggestions with common references, examples of which are given below, are also complicated. Laughing baby, how are you? Dear brother, tell me a story. My friend, we have not seen each other for a long time. These are complex sentences with common hits. There are cases when the appeal contains a whole isolated structure. An example of proposals with appeals complicated by separate structures: Comrades waiting for trains, be careful. A friend who always understood me, you are dear to me.
The use of references in fiction
In fiction, appeals are introduced not only to name a character, but also to express the feeling with which the hero is addressed.
For example, sentences with reference from literature, from I.A. Bunina:
Thank you gentlemen, I feel too tired. Go ahead, brother, go ahead! Barchuki, take a look at the court! Mitya, they are hungry! Kohl, and Kohl!Examples of sentences with common references from the literature: Well then, darling darling? Letters, Ivan Filimonovich, no? Sergey Lvovich, we ask you to play! Nikolay Nilyich, how many pieces of sugar do you want? Farewell to Mrs. Leshchinsky. Goodbye sisters, angels, thank you for chatting with me.
Appeal and etiquette
In many states, there are generally accepted, gender and socially labeled messages. This is Mr., Mrs., Miss, Madame, Ma'am, sir, lady - in English-speaking countries, senor, senora - in Latin countries, Monsieur, Mademoiselle, Madame - in France. In Russia there is no generally accepted treatment. The etiquette of business communication in Russia allows you to contact Mr. and Mrs .. In colloquial speech, an impersonal form is often used, for example, I 'm sorry, sorry. There are, mainly in oral speech, gender-differentiated treatment: a woman, a young man, a girl, a man and others.