Studying the Russian language, we make many new discoveries for ourselves about its splendor, beauty, virtuosity. How versatile, flexible and eloquent. Today, let's discover for ourselves another puzzle of that beautiful picture called “Grammar of the Russian language”.
Consider in our material the combined and separate writing of derivative prepositions. We will clearly learn from examples how they differ from other parts of speech.
What is a preposition
The preposition is an auxiliary part of speech. This element is necessary in order to show how words in sentences depend on each other, linking them together.
Example: “Today in our class at an biology lesson an interesting case occurred.” In this sentence, “c” and “on” are prepositions, of which there are a large number in Russian. Some are diverse, some are simple and understandable to use and write, while others are more complex, especially spelling.
Moving from simple to more complex. So, the combined and separate spelling of derivative prepositions. The lesson in grade 7 on this topic is not simple, but very interesting.
Classification, Definition, Origin
Derived and non-derivative prepositions are distinguished. In turn, derivatives - from independent parts to auxiliary parts of speech, are transferred in the process of formation, as a result of which morphological characters are lost and, moreover, their lexical meaning is canceled.
By origin, they are divided, firstly, into the adverbs, which are formed from adverbs. Such prepositions express spatial and temporal relations. Here are some examples: near a house, near a river, around the world, in front of a steam locomotive.
Secondly, derivatives can be de-named if formed on behalf of a noun. They express an objective and thorough character. Examples of this type of derivatives: about, over, in view of.
And finally, thirdly, derivative prepositions that are formed from verbs are called verb. They express circumstantial meanings. Here are some examples: later, thanks, despite.
How to write derivative prepositions
In this section, we consider the combined and separate writing of derivative prepositions. The “golden” rule for the joint and separate writing of derivative prepositions is the following: in order to understand the text in the writing of the elements we study, you must correctly determine the part of speech, be able to distinguish them from adverbs and nouns. Step by step, we consider examples of combined and separate writing of derivative prepositions.
"I wanted to look around." In this sentence, “around” is an adverb.
“I had to go around the house, because the dense thickets of grass did not allow me to go to the door.” In this case, the "circle" we are studying the element.
The difference is that in the first case it is possible to raise the question to the adverb, and in the second case this cannot be done.
“Because of the emergency, I need to deposit a certain amount of money into my bank account.” In this sentence, “into the account” is written separately, since these two words can be defined as a preposition and a noun.
“I want to ask you about a job at a bank for my younger sister, who graduated from university this year.” In this case, “about” is written together, as we have before us a derivative, excuse excuse.
"Not looking around, I crossed the road." Before us is the participle (verb form). If you can substitute the word “eyes” for the expression “not looking”, then it should be written separately.
"I was able to go to work despite the disease." In this case, we have an excuse, which is written together. It can be replaced by the expression "against something."
It should also be said that the combined and separate spelling of prepositions depends on cases.
Features
In order to correctly write the preposition, it is necessary to be able to distinguish it from the nouns, adverbs, participles from which it was formed. Let's consider with examples merged and separate spelling.
Before we begin to study the distinguishing features of this element, we pay attention to the fact that the element we are studying cannot be a member of the proposal.
Example: "I needed to clarify with Nikolai Vladimirovich about an urgent order." It is necessary to clarify (what about?) About the order. Also, do not forget that the excuse is included in the question that needs to be asked.
So, what is the difference between the studied element and the noun? Let us examine the spelling of the preposition “during” and the noun with the preposition “during”.
“Throughout the winter, Mila worked a lot on the book.” Worked (for how long?) During the winter. Used in the value of time.
“A lot of underwater whirlpools were discovered throughout the river.” You can insert the adjective between the preposition and the noun: "in a strong river."
"The guys went on a picnic, despite the bad weather." “Despite” acts as an excuse, answers the question: despite what? You can also replace “against something.”
And at the end of the section, I would like to note what differences exist between the element we are studying and the adverb.
"Be in front of the column." In this sentence, the word “in front” is a pretext, since it refers to the noun “column” and forms with it the form of the genitive case.
"Be in front of everyone." And in this sentence, the word “ahead” is already an adverb and answers the question “where?”, And is also an independent member of the proposal.
Fastening Material: Exercise
It is necessary to perform the exercise, which is presented below, to consolidate the theme of “Combined and separate writing of derivative prepositions”. In the numbered sentences, determine where the element we are studying stands (denote the answer “a”), and where is the other independent part of speech (the answer is “b”).
1. "It turned out that it was difficult to stand near the entrance to the cave and peer into the impenetrable darkness." ("B")
2. "I had to act according to the instructions of the boss." ("a")
3. "We had to go along the gentle coast for about an hour." ("a")
4. "To get as close to the coast as possible: that was my task." ("a")
5. “Go forward!” he repeats relentlessly. ” ("B")
Conclusion: Summary
In comparative order, examples and rules of the combined and separate writing of derivative prepositions were given. Be literate, attentive, love studying, get pleasure and inspiration from this process.