The use of national economy products (food, household) have the property to change their consumer value and go into the category of waste. What is MSW? Waste is a concept that does not have a clear definition. It is not known what is waste and what can be disposed of as secondary raw materials. The environmental movement for the use of waste as a secondary resource proposes to collect waste in a sorting system.
Management companies regulate their activities in accordance with the legislation adopted at the legislative level on the inclusion in municipal payments of a fee for handling MSW. What is it in the receipt, and how will this service be implemented? In accordance with the innovations from 2016, this column in the receipt appeared as a separate line for the payment of services for servicing apartment buildings. This column defines the fee for the disposal of municipal waste.
Waste classification
Asking the question, “Handling MSW - what is it on the receipt?”, You need to understand everything in order. All stored waste is divided into classes according to the degree of danger of environmental impact. There are five of them, only the last of them (5th) includes municipal or household waste. The remaining four classes are industrial waste.
Solid municipal waste has the following sources of generation:
- residential quarters;
- municipal facilities, public catering;
- cemeteries;
- estimates street, thawed snow;
- trading enterprises, with the exception of industrial trading floors, such as office equipment, car dealerships, etc .;
- consumer services enterprises.
What is MSW, what does the concept consist of? Wastes are subdivided according to the state of aggregation into solid, liquid and gaseous. Solid waste is generated in the public utilities sector, in the production of products as by-products, unused materials or output products. Liquid waste - in chemical plants, metallurgical plants and where solvents and many other liquid substances are used. Gaseous waste is emissions (decomposition products) at industrial enterprises generated in the process of disposing of household waste.
Solid municipal waste
Every year, tons of household waste are sent to landfills.
Until 2016, waste was considered household waste and was understood as waste from residential areas. What is MSW and MSW? What is the difference? It’s easy to answer. This is a waste related to safe waste, and their sources of formation are no different. Reform of utility bills and the development of new rules on the name and treatment of waste has made adjustments that are reflected in utility bills.
Waste management
Waste management activities consist of a set of operations, such as the collection, accumulation, processing, disposal, disposal and disposal of waste. This activity is regulated by Decree No. 458-FZ of 2016 on waste management. It is carried out by the regional operator for solid waste management. In some cases, this service is provided together with the management company.
Tariffs for handling MSW are determined by the regional operator that services the territory. The distribution and appointment of a regional operator is carried out on a territorial basis.
What does it mean in the receipt “handling MSW”? With the accumulation and collection of waste, they are disposed of. The cost of these services and the standards for their accumulation are calculated by the regional operator (according to the tariffs). The fee for services for servicing apartment buildings is reduced by the amount for waste disposal by the operator.
The management company, concluding an agreement with the operator for waste management, provides regular and continuous collection and removal of waste, with subsequent disposal and disposal. The same company should keep the area near containers clean. Still, what is this "handling of MSW" in the receipt? This is the sum of the distribution of maintenance fees for an apartment building (by the number of residents of this house). The size of the fee depends on the sorting of waste, which is taken into account at a separate tariff.
Tariffs for MSW management
Regulation of waste management activities includes a tariff system of payment for activities and develops a tariff system for each item of this activity.
Waste storage is the starting unit for determining tariffs. The tariff system is provided for the activities of the services of a regional operator, their processing, disinfection and disposal. Regulated tariffs are reviewed every six months and broken down according to a territorial scheme with differentiation by type and technological features. The export of MSW and its regularity or multiplicity are included in the components of tariff accruals.
Waste collection
The organization of waste collection involves an equipped site and the presence of containers for the collection and accumulation of waste.
Handling MSW, what is it on the receipt? Is this part of container fees? Separate collection of waste is advisable if, after sorting, they will be used as secondary raw materials (plastic bottles, glass, paper, bulky waste).
Waste accumulation
After systematic storage and accumulation, solid waste should be removed. Waste is transported to special landfills or some other places provided for these purposes. This is also part of the MSW handling fee on receipt.
Before the owners had time to deal with one abbreviation, a new concept arose. MSW and MSW: what is the difference? MSW is
municipal solid waste. Until 2016, their treatment was not subject to commercial accounting, which is carried out by calculation and based on their mass. Accumulation standards are determined based on the number of residents of an apartment building. The average weight of waste per tenant is calculated. Regular waste removal from the places of their accumulation allows to make an adequate account of them and calculate the rate of accumulation at the tariff. Measuring instruments are certified. To work with them you must have a permit.
Waste treatment
Waste sorting, collection and preparation for disposal is a treatment for their subsequent use or disposal. Wastes that are most suitable for use as secondary raw materials are sorted. For example, paper that retains its consumer qualities may become suitable for use after processing as raw material in paper and pulp production.
Disinfection / disposal and disposal of waste
Disinfection is carried out by burning, in order to extract ferrous and non-ferrous metals from waste with their subsequent reclamation. Solid municipal waste has properties that are determined by their morphological and fractional composition.
This composition has variable values in different climatic zones and the seasonal nature of changes. These parameters determine the humidity, heat capacity and size of the waste, which are taken into account to select methods for their disposal. Humidity contributes to their adhesion to each other, and when they are neutralized in the furnaces - to the walls of the drum. Fractional components of MSW can have abrasive properties and abrade each other when they are compacted, such components include glass, porcelain, metal parts. The density of the waste is seasonal in nature, which defines it as the most pronounced in the summer. The mass depends on the size of the settlement.
Waste is disposed of in specialized authorized landfills, which are called landfills for municipal solid waste.
These are engineering structures that ensure the disposal of waste and create conditions for their safe storage for a long period of time. Extraction of the filtrate in the process of ramming and pressing them in the conditions of the landfill is carried out in a special filtration compartment.
Environmental impact of waste
Environmental pollution by waste is an environmental concern. To solve the problems of ensuring the environmental safety of humans and the natural environment, it is necessary to develop schemes that ensure safety of waste management. Now it’s clear that in the receipt “MSW management” is a payment for environmental, sanitary and epidemic safety, which consists in maintenance that guarantees it.
The environmental tension created by waste is not solved by innovations in MSW management since 2016, but creates the prerequisites for creating a safe environment within the city. Fulfillment of legislatively justified requirements for the arrangement of places for accumulation and collection of waste creates the conditions for their safe transportation. Housing and communal services reforms include handling MSW in the utility billing system. This is reflected in the receipts, and payments are received by the regional operator, which territorially serves the public utilities.