In the most general sense, a population means a totality of people (peoples) permanently residing within the boundaries of a certain territory. Just a sedentary group, Homo Sapiens, turns into citizens of a state only if there is a "link" to the local authority in control, with which it recognizes their mutual relationship.
However, far from all can be called citizens of the country only on the grounds that they have a passport of the country of residence. For example, the so-called downshifters of the “seals” category (jargon), which are people who have moved from their homeland to another state and lead an idle lifestyle there. They are minimally involved in public life and do not have cultural and historical ties with the host country.
In this regard, the answer to the question of what the peoples of one country have in common is extremely interesting. Language as a unifying factor can not be considered, because in the world there are many ethnic groups that speak the same language, but live in different states.
The territory of the country and the relationship with the government
In order for several ethnic groups to become a population of the country, they must live within its lands. And not only to be there for some time, but to spend most of life - from birth to death. Different ethnic groups living in the same territory inevitably begin to communicate with each other, tightening ties.
In order to understand what the peoples of one country have in common, one should not forget about the role and influence of power on relations. This is expressed in the fact that citizens, regardless of their ethnicity, are subject to the same set of rights (medicine, education, etc.) and obligations. The prohibition of discrimination by nationality is enshrined in constitutions and in international law.
Thus, the state within its territory binds all living on it into a single array called "population", or "citizens".
Historical ties
Ethnic groups, living for a long time in one state, certainly have common roots, reflecting their joint path through time. Historical milestones showing that the peoples of one country have in common can be:
- Conquest (subjugation) of one people by another.
- General wars, where representatives of peoples opposed a common enemy.
- Rebellions against state power, which led to a change in the situation of peoples.
- Trade relations, contracts and ways.
An example is the Russian and Bashkirs. For the past many centuries, they traded in raids on the lands of Slavic princes, were part of the Golden Horde, and came under the arm of the Moscow kingdom only at the beginning of the 17th century. In the Russian Empire, they were in a special position - the organization of land, local authority and military forces they differed from the generally accepted. Bashkirs actively participated in the war of 1812 - the " wild regiments " of horseback riders terrified Napoleon's troops. Raids, uprisings, participation in wars - this is exactly what historically connects the Bashkirs and the Russians.
Cultural traditions
To find out what the peoples of one country have in common, Grade 2 begins in the lessons of the world around him. At this age, the most obvious difference between different nationalities seems to be culture - traditions, epics, historical costume. Indeed, each ethnic group has a unique way, and this separates them from each other.
But people are also very sensitive to the so-called everyday culture - unwritten rules of behavior associated with the daily life of society. For example, in Russia, drivers “blink” headlights on cars in the oncoming lane, warning about the close traffic police post. In this case, hardly anyone pays attention to the nationality of the drivers. It is not customary to poke a person or object with a finger - the direction is indicated by the palm or a nod in the right direction. Also, many people avoid the question "Where are you going?" (meaning - "where are you going?"), replacing it with "Are you far?"
Everyday culture is a lot of small prescriptions and rules, the essence of which few people think about. As a rule, people of any nationality simply follow the custom established in society.
Religion
Religion and ethical ideas can both separate different ethnic groups within the same state, and, conversely, unite them. On the example of Russia, it is very simple to see what the peoples of one country have in common. "The world around us. Grade 2" pays little attention to religious issues. When creating this textbook, the rule that the Russian Federation is a secular state was observed. In the XXI century, the population of Russia professes:
- Orthodox Christianity.
- Islam (mostly Sunni).
- Catholicism and Protestantism (Baptism, Lutheranism).
- Buddhism.
- Paganism (indigenous peoples).
Different peoples can profess one type of religion and attend the same temples, which formally turns them into a single group, allows you to establish connections.
Even during the time of the empire, there was no ban on the change of religion. This led to the fact that different nations are well aware of each other's beliefs. Modern Russia, despite the thesis about its secularism, pays a lot of attention to religious celebrations - Christmas, Easter, Trinity, Epiphany, etc. A very striking example is the republics of Adygea, Chechnya, Bashkortostan, where Muslim Eid al-Adha is an official day off for all residents, regardless of faith.
Patriotism
By patriotism they mean a certain social feeling, the essence of which is love for one’s state, pride in achievements, readiness to defend its interests, sacrificing their own. This is exactly what the peoples of one country have in common. Patriotism is able to rally even radically different ethnic groups.
This unifying factor is most clearly manifested during wars, invasions and any strong external pressure. In these cases, the reaction of society comes “from the contrary, ” since people are not inclined to accept the opinion imposed on them from the outside and a sense of inferiority (wrong). As an example of war as a unifying factor, we can cite the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, which, in fact, turned the population into one nation - the "Soviet people".
In addition to wars, relations between nations are affected by the desire to prove to the world something (the right choice, strength). This is a "creating" patriotism, which, as a rule, manifested itself during the development of territories, the formation of states. In particular, it was demonstrated by US citizens during the development of the western territories and gaining independence from England.
A sense of community and kinship
An emotional connection with the motherland and fellow citizens is what the peoples of one country have in common when they are abroad. Outside the usual environment, it is human nature to seek support from those who may experience similar feelings.
It has long been noted that meeting with fellow countrymen and even the sounds of native speech enhance the mood of travelers. That is why inexperienced tourists in a group or group of acquaintances feel more comfortable.
Travelers are more willing to help compatriots in distress, share their impressions, give advice and pay attention. Of course, not everyone does this, but most.
Also, while they are abroad, people react more sharply to criticism of their country. At the same time, memories of ethnic boundaries are blurred in consciousness, and compatriots are perceived as a whole.
Factors destroying the cohesion of peoples
The surrounding world as a discipline raises questions about what the peoples of one country have in common at the very first lessons devoted to the country and the world. But the reasons for strife between ethnic groups in schools, as a rule, are not discussed. It is believed that these are problems of national importance, too complex for children and adolescents.
A split between nations can arise for the following reasons:
1. Obtaining one or more ethnic groups of privileged status and, accordingly, infringement of the rights of other groups (prohibition of language, writing, deprivation of social benefits, etc.).
2. The spread of Nazism - the idea of the superiority of one people over others within the same country. Moreover, it can be “official” and be expressed in the adoption by the government of appropriate decisions or “public” when the theory of superiority is supported in social groups.
Interethnic strife can lead to a split not only of the population, but also of the country.
The list of what the peoples of one country have in common is common and special. In the first case, these are the factors uniting the people within the entire state (territory, patriotism, state symbols). And the circumstances that affect the relations between several peoples within a country or even a region (religion, morality, culture) can be attributed to special ones.