The nature of our planet is extremely diverse. Each continent, part of the world, country, region, region and city can boast of wonderful representatives of the flora, which not only adorn the entire surrounding space, but also contribute to the purification of the air.
A large role in nature and human life is played by various life forms of plants, including such as wild shrubs. It is about them that will be discussed in the article.
Wild plants
Those plants that live in natural conditions and are not cultivated by humans are usually called such. They inhabit fields and meadows, steppes and savannahs, deserts and forests. They can be attributed to:
- trees;
- Shrubs
- shrubs;
- shrubs;
- herbs;
- creepers;
- palm trees.
That is, all existing life forms of plants. Specifically, wild shrubs form the bulk of the undergrowth, thickets, margins of meadows and fields, roadsides, and the landscape of urban areas. It is these forms that are used to create hedges in front of residential buildings, retail outlets and other structures.
Wild trees, shrubs, grasses are an integral beautiful part of the nature of Russia. It is they who, even at the entrance to our country, speak of its beauty, stateness and splendor.
Shrubs of Russia
Wild shrubs of our region are distinguished by great species diversity. They are common in all bands and latitudes, form deciduous and partly coniferous forests, line hills and mountain ranges. Also among them there are many representatives whom a person uses for decorative purposes for garden plots. Berries of some species are actively consumed and are valued for their vitamin components. Even the dosage forms of wild shrubs in Russia have.
The most common species that grow in the wild are:
- spirea;
- hawthorn;
- snowberry;
- viburnum forest;
- marsh rosemary;
- common barberry;
- Schisandra chinensis;
- euonymus warty;
- daphne;
- common honeysuckle;
- tree-like caragana;
- cotoneaster aronia ;
- marsh cranberries;
- common hazel;
- common raspberries;
- cystic fibrosis;
- Hungarian Russian;
- lilac;
- rosehip;
- mocker and others.
The wild shrubs of our region are very beautiful, diverse in their role in nature and importance to humans. There are a number of such species that people tend to plant and propagate on their land plots with different goals: decorative, nutritious, landscape design. The following wild-growing trees and shrubs can be attributed to such representatives: bird cherry, blueberry, apple tree, ash, rosehip, thuja, pine, spruce, currant, plum, lilac, mountain ash, broom, nightshade, alder, sea buckthorn, juniper, raspberry, pear, hazel , viburnum, barberry, grapes, linden, lemongrass, gooseberries, buckthorn, maple, honeysuckle, oak and others.
Dogrose
Perhaps one of the most valuable shrubs in both wild and cultural form. Plant height - up to 2 m, branches are red-brown, shiny, covered with curved thorns. The flowers are pink, bright. This plant belongs to the family Rosaceae. The leaves are rounded, collected several pieces on one petiole. The edge is finely cut. Rosehips are bright orange, elliptical or rounded.
From ancient times, this plant was considered a healing source of important substances and vitamins. Even Avicenna called rosehip a remedy for liver diseases. Today this plant is appreciated not only for its medicinal properties, but also for its beautiful appearance and unpretentiousness to living conditions. Delicate raspberry roses do not leave anyone indifferent. Flowering continues from mid-May to the end of June.
For the manufacture of medicines, all parts of the plant are used, except for the leaves: fruits, roots, stems and flowers. The most valuable substances in the composition of the plant are carotenoids, vitamins of group B and PP, flavonoids, organic acids, essential oils.
Spirea
Wild shrubs of the genus Spirea include about 90 species. Some of them have long been cultivated by people and are very widely used for landscape design sites.
This plant is from 2 meters or more in height. The color of flowers, leaves, their shape and size - all this depends on the particular species. Most often, white-flowered or pink-flowered forms are found, less often with a purple color of the corolla.
Species of spirea of the middle, most widespread in nature in Russia, are beautiful wild-growing shrubs, photos of which can be seen below.
The following representatives are also very popular:
- Japanese
- Thunberg.
- Nippon.
- Dubravkolistnaya.
- Gorodokovaya.
- Wangutta
- Argut.
- Gray.
Spectacular bushes strewn with fragrant bright inflorescences can hardly leave anyone indifferent, this explains the popularity of the plant. It has practically no medicinal value.
Shrubs of the Moscow Region: names
This group includes not only domesticated cultivated plants. Wild shrubs near Moscow are also widely populated by local biotopes. The most common among the cultural forms that fill the country and garden plots are fruit species.
- Grapes of various grades.
- Quince and assorted plums.
- Blueberry.
- Honeysuckle.
- Gooseberry.
- Raspberries.
- Rowan.
- Currant.
- Yoshta.
- Blackberry.
Among the wild organisms of this group, it is possible to distinguish such as euonymus, daphne, male cornel, cysticis, maple, lilac, Weigela Middendorff, elderberry, carapace, derain, rhododendron, forsythia, goof, peony, mountain ash, roses, almonds, hawthorn, willow, barberry and others.
Most of the names given are generic. This means that each plant has a diverse number of varieties. Therefore, the total number of shrubby forms of the Moscow Region is quite serious. This is of great benefit, as the plants cleanse and renew the air, contribute to the normalization of its composition.
European euonymus
And wild, and cultivated shrub plant. In some areas of our country, it is cultivated as an industrial facility, since the euonymus roots contain gutta-percha.
The height of such wild shrubs is up to 3 meters and above. The leaves are quite large (up to 10 cm), oval in shape. Flowers gather in inflorescences, so they become clearly visible. The corolla is pink and white. After flowering, fruits are formed, red or dark pink. They are poisonous, but are used as medicinal.
The decorative meaning of euonymus lies in its fruits and beautiful dense leaves. Spectacular hedges are well built from it, so it is used in landscape design.
Daphne
Low plants, height up to 1.5 meters. Distributed in Siberia, Western and Eastern. Very bright fruits give such wild shrubs. Names to plants because of them were given. This is a juicy bright red drupes, looking like a berry. However, they should not be eaten, as they are not too, but poisonous.
The flowers are pale pink, sessile. They emit a very pleasant aroma thanks to the contained essential oils, and therefore attract many insects. The leaves of the daphne are small, rounded or slightly pointed, pubescent.
In medicine, the berries of this plant are used, as well as parts of the bark. The main diseases that help drugs on the daphne are gout, rheumatism, and paralysis.
Wild shrubs of the Urals
The flora of the Urals, Urals, Siberia and the Far East has a great similarity in the species composition of shrubby forms. So, common species in these territories are such as quince, barberry, elderberry, weigela, daphne, deren, gorse, honeysuckle, willow and other plants.
All of them form a general view of the nature of fields and meadows, forests. Thanks to plants such as wild shrubs and trees, the picture of the natural habitat of animals and people becomes complete, capacious, beautiful and diverse.
A brief list of those species of the Urals that are basic to these places can be given. These are wild bushes, the names of which are given below.
- Viburnum.
- Cotoneaster of different species.
- Clematis.
- Prince of Siberia.
- The goof is silver.
- Magonia is holly.
- Fragrant raspberries.
- Bitter nightshade.
- Russian broomman.
- Different types of rhododendrons.
- Roses of all kinds.
- Spirea.
- Lilacs.
- Chubushnik and others.
This, of course, is far from a complete list, but includes the most common types of the Urals. Most of them are a source of food for forest animals, humans. Also, many are medicinal forms of plants.
Barberry
The most common type of this shrub in the Urals is ordinary barberry. Plant height - up to 2 meters. The stems are plentifully equipped with thorns, the leaves densely braid the branches, have a very beautiful dark purple color. Thanks to this, a very spectacular contrast is created with yellow-orange flowers and bright red berries. Therefore, barberry is readily used by people as a garden shrub.
The berries are edible, besides very useful. Used for medicinal purposes. During flowering, barberry ordinary produces a very pleasant aroma, attracts many insects. It is often used for hedges. Resistant to frost, but easily affected by parasites and fungi.
Cotoneaster brilliant
A plant widespread in the Urals. Often found both in natural nature and in gardens, in suburban areas. It gained such fame for its attractive appearance: tall bushes (up to 3 meters) with a spreading crown of interesting leaf shape.
The main advantage is frost resistance and drought resistance. The cotoneaster brilliant received its name for the corresponding surface of the leaves. The flowers are collected in inflorescences, small, white or pinkish. The fruits are bright red, not poisonous. They are a source of food for many birds and animals.
For decorative purposes, cotoneaster species are used to create hedges with beautiful clusters of hanging black or red fruits.
Common lilac
This plant is only one species from a variety belonging to the common genus Lilacs of the Olive family. This shrub is famous not only in the Urals, but also practically throughout the territory of our country.
Beautiful odorous inflorescences, consisting of many brushes of small delicate flowers, attract not only pollinating insects, but also animals, birds, people. The color of the corollas is different: from snow-white to lilac-pink. Used for decorative and medicinal purposes.