Stages of the lesson on GEF. Stages of the modern lesson on GEF

The Federal State Educational Standard (GEF) should be understood as a set of mandatory requirements for the learning process at a certain level. For their implementation in the educational institution, a basic program should be developed, consisting of a curriculum , schedule, working draft courses, subjects, disciplines. It should also include teaching and evaluation materials. In accordance with this program, teachers build their professional activities during the academic year as a whole, plan each lesson individually. Let us further consider the main stages of the lesson on GEF.

General classification

A lot of different subjects are taught at the school. The content of the information is certainly different. However, all lessons can be classified into the following groups:

1. Discovery of new knowledge.
2. Reflection lessons.
3. Classical studies.
4. Lessons on developmental control.

Class Objectives

At each lesson, specific goals are set and implemented. So, in the classes of discovering new knowledge, students develop the ability to use new methods of action, expanding the conceptual framework by adding new components. Reflexion lessons are fixed at the lessons and, if necessary, are corrected already studied algorithms, terms, concepts. At the lessons of a general methodological orientation, generalized activity standards are formed, the theoretical foundations of the further development of substantive-methodological directions are revealed. In addition, the formation of the ability to systematize and structure the studied material. In the lessons of developing control in children, skills of introspection are formed. It should be noted that the breakdown into stages of a lesson in the GEF (second generation) should not violate the continuity of training.

Description of the stages of the lesson on GEF: "Discovery of new knowledge"

Each lesson is built on a specific pattern. The following stages of the lesson on the FSES can be distinguished (it will be mathematics or the Russian language, in principle, does not matter):

1. Motivation for learning activities.
2. Actualization and trial action.
3. Identification of the place and causes of difficulty.
4. Building a project and solving a problem.
5. Implementation of the formed model.
6. Primary fastening with speaking aloud.
7. Independent work with self-control.
8. Inclusion in the system of knowledge and repetition.
9. Reflection of educational activities in the classroom.
   

Motivation

The objectives of the stages of the lesson on GEF are different. However, along with this, they are closely interconnected with each other. The goal of motivation is to develop at an individually significant level the student’s internal readiness to fulfill the established standards. The implementation of this task is provided by:

1. Creation of conditions for the emergence of an individual internal need to carry out activities.
2. Updating the requirements for the student by the teacher.
3. The establishment of a thematic framework.

Actualization and trial action

The main goal at this stage is the preparation of children's thinking and the organization of their understanding of their own needs for the formation of a new model of action. To achieve it, students must:

1. Reproduced and recorded the skills, knowledge and skills required to create a new model of behavior.
2. Intensified mental operations and cognitive processes. The first, in particular, include synthesis, analysis, generalization, comparisons, analogy, classification, etc. Cognitive processes - attention, memory, etc.
3. Actualized the rate of educational action.
4. They tried to independently carry out the task of applying new knowledge.
5. The difficulties that appeared appeared during the implementation of the trial action or when it was justified.
   

Problem identification

The key task at this stage is the realization of what exactly is not enough knowledge, abilities or skills. To achieve this goal, children need to:

1. Analyzed all their actions. It is worth saying that introspection accompanies all stages of the modern lesson (according to GEF).
2. We recorded the step or operation on which the problem appeared.
3. We correlated our own actions at the place of occurrence of the difficulty with the previously studied methods and determined what kind of skill is not enough to solve the task, similar questions to it.

Project building

The purpose of this stage is to formulate the objectives of the activity and on their basis the choice of the model and means of their implementation. To achieve this, students:

1. In a communicative form, they formulate a specific task for the upcoming training activities, through which the previously identified cause of difficulties will be eliminated.
2. They propose and coordinate the topic of the lesson, which the teacher can clarify.
3. Choose a model for the formation of new knowledge. As it may be a refinement method or additions. The first is relevant if a new model can be created on the basis of already acquired knowledge. The supplement method is used if the studied analogues are absent, and there is no need to introduce fundamentally new signs or a mode of action.
4. Choose the means by which knowledge is formed. These include studied models, algorithms, recording methods, concepts, formulas and other tools.
   

Project implementation

The main task is the formation by children of a new model of action, the ability to use it in solving the problem that caused the difficulty, and similar questions. For this, students:

1. They put forward hypotheses based on the chosen method and substantiate them.
2. Use objective actions with schemes, models when building new knowledge.
3. Apply the selected method to solve the problem that caused the difficulty.
4. They fix in a generalized way the action.
5. Establish overcoming the problem that arose earlier.

Primary consolidation

It is necessary for children to learn a new method of action. To do this, children must:

1. They spoke aloud their steps and their rationale.
2. We solved several typical problems in a new way of action. This can be done in pairs, in groups or frontally.

Independent work and self-test

These stages of the modern GEF lesson are of particular importance. In the course of independent work, the degree of mastering the acquired knowledge is checked, a successful situation is formed (if possible). These stages of the GEF lesson include:

1. Performing work similar to the first, but tasks in which errors were previously made are solved.
2. Conducting a self-test according to the standard and fixing the results.
3. Establishment of overcoming the difficulty that arose earlier.

These stages of the GEF lesson include a special type of work for those children who did not have problems solving for the first time. They are engaged in tasks of a creative level on the model and then conduct an independent verification of the results.

Inclusion in knowledge and repetition

The key task is the use of action models that caused difficulty, consolidation of the studied material and preparation for the perception of the following sections of the subject. If the previous stages of the GEF lesson are satisfactory, then the children:

1. They solve problems in which the considered action models are associated with previously studied and with each other.
2. Perform tasks aimed at preparing for the study of other (following) sections.

If the previous stages of the GEF lesson gave a negative result, independent work is repeated and self-monitoring is carried out for another option.

Reflection

At this stage, the main goal is the awareness of children how to overcome difficulties and self-assessment of the results of corrective or independent work. For this, students need:

1. Refine the algorithm for correcting errors.
2. Name the methods of action that caused the difficulty.
3. Record the level of compliance with the set goals and achieved results.
4. Rate your work in the lesson.
5. Set goals for follow-up.
6. Based on the results of the lesson, homework is agreed.
   

Development Control Lesson

Consider, for example, the stages of a lesson in music on GEF:

1. Motivation for control and correctional activity.
2. Actualization and trial training activities.
3. Localization of personal difficulties.
4. Building a project to correct detected problems.
5. The implementation of the new model.
6. Generalization of difficulties in speech.
7. Independent work and verification according to the standard.
8. Solving problems of a creative level.
9. Reflection of work.

Control activities

The main task of motivation for correctional activity is similar to that described earlier and consists in developing students' internal readiness to implement the requirements of educational work. In this case, however, there is a control and correction orientation. In this regard, it is necessary:

1. Set the goal of the lesson and create conditions for the emergence of an internal need for students to get involved in the work.
2. To update the requirements for the student from the side of control and corrective actions.
3. In accordance with the tasks solved earlier, determine thematic limits and create guidelines for work.
4. Formulate a control method and procedure.
5. Define assessment criteria.

Preparing the thinking of children

Students should be aware of their own need for control and introspection, identifying the causes of difficulties. To implement this task, you need:

1. Repeat controlled action patterns.
2. To intensify such mental operations as generalization, comparison, as well as cognitive processes that are necessary for the control work.
3. To organize the motivation of children to carry out activities using the planned methods of action.
4. To create conditions for the performance of individual control work.
5. To provide children with the opportunity to conduct self-analysis of their activities according to a pre-established criterion.
   

General methodological lesson

The stages of the combined lesson on GEF are focused on the formation in children of an idea of ​​the methods that connect the concepts they learn in one system. In addition, they contribute to the awareness of the methods of constructing a plan directly of the educational activity itself. She, in turn, provides independent change and self-development of students. In such classes, the creation of norms and methods of educational activity, self-esteem and self-control, reflective self-organization is carried out. Such classes are considered subject matters. They are held outside of any discipline at the class hour or during an extra-curricular event.

Conclusion

Dividing the lessons into stages allows you to submit the material clearly structured, in a logical sequence, while ensuring continuous coordination of students. For each lesson, tasks, options for the actions of students should be determined. Equally important is the organizational stage of the lesson on GEF. It precedes the formation of motivation in children. After the greeting, the teacher conducts a preparedness test, the absent ones are determined. After this, the attention of the students is focused, the necessary attitude is set for the perception of information. If necessary and if possible, the teacher can adjust the lesson plan at the organizational stage.